高考英语一轮专题复习：非谓语动词(2) 课件.pptx

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1、专题七非谓语动词第2讲非谓语讲解（2）必备知识 整合提升核心考法 重难突破易混知识 易错清单 非谓语非谓语动词动词强化模拟 限时训练考点一非谓语动词的形式及意义考点二非谓语动词作状语的用法考点三非谓语动词作定语的用法考点四非谓语动词作宾语、主语和表语的用法考点五非谓语动词作补语的用法考点四非谓语动词作宾语、主语和表语的用法分考点讲解1:非谓语动词作宾语1.表示下列含义的动词一般接不定式作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀：即decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope;refuse,manage,wish,pretend;offer,promise,choose,plan

2、;agree,ask/beg,arrange等后一般只接不定式作宾语。此外，afford,aim,claim,fail,threaten等也要用不定式作宾语。She encourages people of all ages,especially older people,to cultivate their curiosity for life.Grandparents,for example,can learn to use GoAnimate and make animations together with their grandkids.她鼓励各个年龄段的人，尤其是老年人，培养他们对

3、生活的好奇心。例如，祖父母可以学习使用GoAnimate并与孙辈一起制作动画。天津高考We managed to get to the airport in time.我们设法及时赶到了机场。牛津高阶The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they dont know.电话推销的问题变得如此严重，以至于现在很多人拒接他们不认识的号码来电。北京高考考点四非谓语动词作宾语、主语和表语的用法分考点讲解1:非谓语动词作宾语2.表示下列含义的动

4、词或动词短语后一般接动名词作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀：考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟还想要。避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。即consider,suggest/advise,look forward to,excuse/pardon;admit,delay/put off,fancy(想要);avoid,miss,keep/keep on,practice;deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate;forbid,imagine,risk;cant help(禁不住),mind,allow/permit,escape等后一般只能接动名词作宾语。此外，be

5、used/accustomed to(习惯于),devote to,go back to,stick to,object to,get down to,pay attention to,cant stand(忍受),give up,feel like,insist on,thank you for,apologize for,be busy(in),have difficulty/trouble(in)等动词短语后也要用动名词作宾语。David suggested selling your house and car to pay the debt.戴维建议卖掉你的房子和车来还债。The ho

6、spital forbids smoking in public buildings.医院禁止在公共场所吸烟。Lydia doesnt feel like studying abroad，Because her parents are old.莉迪娅不想出国读书，因为她的父母都老了。考点四非谓语动词作宾语、主语和表语的用法分考点讲解1:非谓语动词作宾语3.后可接动词不定式或动名词作宾语但意义不同的动词(短语)有些动词或动词短语既可接动词不定式作宾语，也可接动名词作宾语，但表示的含义不同。后接不定式后接动名词regret to do sth.很遗憾要做某事regret doing sth.后悔做

7、过某事forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事forget doing sth.忘记已做过某事remember to do sth.记得要做某事remember doing sth.记得做过某事mean to do sth.打算做某事mean doing sth.意味着做某事try to do sth.努力/企图做某事try doing sth.试着做某事cant help(to)do sth.不能帮助做某事cant help doing sth.情不自禁地做某事考点四非谓语动词作宾语、主语和表语的用法分考点讲解1:非谓语动词作宾语3.后可接动词不定式或动名词作宾语但意义不同的动词(短

8、语)有些动词或动词短语既可接动词不定式作宾语，也可接动名词作宾语，但表示的含义不同。I regret to tell you that I cant come.很遗憾地告诉你我不能来。He bitterly regretted ever having mentioned it.他非常懊悔提起那件事。牛津高阶I remembered to lock the door before I left the office,but forgot to turn off the lights.我记得离开办公室之前要锁门，但忘了要关灯。I remember meeting her at a party on

9、ce.我记得曾在一次聚会上见过她一面。考点四非谓语动词作宾语、主语和表语的用法分考点讲解1:非谓语动词作宾语4.不定式作动词(短语)learn,decide,know,wonder,show,tell，understand，explain,teach,advise,find out等的宾语时，通常用“疑问词(how,what,where,when,who等)不定式”结构。Because he didnt know how to work out the difficult physics problem,he asked his teacher for help.因为不知道如何计算出这道物理难

10、题，他向他的老师求助。特别注意！此用法中的不定式的逻辑主语需与句子的主语或宾语保持一致，否则要用宾语从句。I wonder how he solved the problem.我想知道他是怎样解决这个问题的。I dont know whether the guest will come tonight.我不知道那位客人今晚是否会来。考点四非谓语动词作宾语、主语和表语的用法分考点讲解2:非谓语动词作主语1.不定式作主语，一般表示具体某一次的动作。常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式结构)放在句末，以使句子保持平衡。To climb the mountain is hard work but

11、 to go down the mountain is great fun.上山很艰难，下山却很好玩。On our way to the house,it was raining so hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take to get there.在我们去那座房子的途中，雨下得太大了，我们不禁在想，要多久才能到那儿。全国考点四非谓语动词作宾语、主语和表语的用法分考点讲解2:非谓语动词作主语2.动名词作主语常表示抽象的、泛指的概念；也可用it作形式主语，将真正的主语(动名词结构)放在句末。常用于固定句型Its a

12、waste of time doing；Its no use/good doing；It is useless/nice/worthwhile doing；There is no doing 等中。Using emojis can add humor and feeling,keeping intention clear in written communications.书面交流时使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情，保持明确的意图。全国改编 Knowing basic firstaid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies

13、.掌握基本的急救技能将有助于你在遇到紧急情况时迅速作出反应。It is no use complaining without taking action.不采取行动而只是抱怨是没有用的。There is no joking about such serious matters.这样严肃的事开不得玩笑。考点四非谓语动词作宾语、主语和表语的用法分考点讲解3:非谓语动词作表语1.不定式作表语常用来表示将要发生的动作，也可用来表示未来的可能性和假设；但当作表语的不定式仅用来说明主语的内容时，这时的不定式只起到作表语成分的作用，而不具有对未来的假设含义。The solution,of course，wa

14、s to plant trees so the animals could seek shelter during the daytime.当然，解决办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。全国新高考改编My job is to clean the rooms every day.我的工作是每天打扫房间。考点四非谓语动词作宾语、主语和表语的用法分考点讲解3:非谓语动词作表语2.动名词作表语多指抽象的、概念性的动作，可以是多次的、经常性的行为。Our job is playing all kinds of music.我们的工作是演奏各种各样的音乐。3.get,become,look,s

15、eem,appear等系动词后可跟分词作表语，过去分词表示被动或主语的状态，现在分词表主动或主语具有的特征。This quotation from Winston Churchill tells us that we shouldnt get discouraged right after failures.温斯顿丘吉尔的这句名言告诉我们，失败过后我们不应该气馁。考点四非谓语动词作宾语、主语和表语的用法分考点讲解3:非谓语动词作表语特别注意！remain作“仍然”讲时，其后可接现在分词或过去分词作表语；作“仍须去做，有待处理”讲时，后接to be done作表语。Please remain s

16、eated until all the lights are on.请留在座位上，直到灯全都亮起。朗文当代It remains to be seen whether the newlyformed committees policy can be put into practice.新成立的委员会提出的政策能否实行还有待观察。考点五非谓语动词作补语的用法分考点讲解1:不定式作补语1.有些动词或动词短语后接不定式作宾语补足语，即构成“动词/动词短语宾语 to do”结构。常见的这类动词(短语)有：advise建议 forbid禁止 force强迫want想要 cause导致 encourage鼓

17、励permit准许 allow允许 ask要求beg恳求 tell告诉 order命令；要求persuade说服 warn警告 require需要；要求teach教 remind提醒 invite邀请intend打算 prefer更喜欢 wish希望；想要call on号召；要求 wait for等待 depend on依靠Father advised me to say something.父亲建议我说点什么。I encourage readers to go to their local library when they cant afford to purchase a book.当读

18、者买不起一本书的时候，我鼓励他们去当地的图书馆。全国考点五非谓语动词作补语的用法分考点讲解1:不定式作补语2.下列句型中常用不定式作主语补足语，它们是：主语be said/believed/known/reported/considered/thoughtto do/to have done/to be done/to be doing/to have been done。He is said to have been cheated in the street.据说，他在大街上被骗了。The accident is reported to have killed two people.据报道

19、，这场事故中有两人丧生。考点五非谓语动词作补语的用法分考点讲解2:分词作补语1.现在分词作宾语补足语时，句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语，宾语与宾补之间存在逻辑上的主动关系。They use computers to keep the traffic running smoothly.他们使用电脑来保持交通畅通无阻。Listen！Do you hear someone calling for help?听！你听得到有人在呼救吗？2.过去分词作宾语补足语时，表被动、完成，宾补与宾语之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。Alexander tried to get his work recognized in t

20、he medical circles.亚历山大努力使自己的工作在医学界得到认可。考点五非谓语动词作补语的用法分考点讲解3:非谓语动词作感官动词、使役动词的宾补1.感官动词see,watch,observe,hear,notice等的宾补有以下形式(以see为例)：(1)see sb./sth.do sth.看见某人/某物做了某事(宾语与宾补之间为逻辑上的主动关系，作宾补的不定式省略了to)I saw him leave a few minutes ago.我几分钟前看见他离开了。(2)see sb./sth.doing sth.看见某人/某物正在做某事(宾语与宾补之间为逻辑上的主动关系)As

21、I got closer,I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily.当我走近时，我看见他的腿在空中乱踢，并且呼吸沉重。Now,I see my children taking their children to the library.如今，我看到我的孩子们正带着他们的孩子去图书馆。全国改编(3)see sb./sth.done看见某人/某物被做(宾语与宾补之间为逻辑上的被动关系)Id like to see the plan carried out.我想看到这个计划被执行。考点五非谓语动词作补语的用法分考点讲解3:

22、非谓语动词作感官动词、使役动词的宾补2.常见的使役动词有四个：have,make,let,get，表示“使；让”的含义。常见的使役动词的宾补有以下形式：(1)have/make/let sb.do sth.以及 get sb.to do sth.表示“让/使某人做某事”，宾语与宾补之间为逻辑上的主动关系。The teacher had/made/let some students stay in the classroom after school.The teacher got some students to stay in the classroom after school.放学后老师

23、让一些学生待在教室里。特别注意！make 用于被动语态时，其后要用不定式作主语补足语。He was made to work day and night.他被迫日夜工作。考点五非谓语动词作补语的用法分考点讲解3:非谓语动词作感官动词、使役动词的宾补2.常见的使役动词有四个：have,make,let,get，表示“使；让”的含义。常见的使役动词的宾补有以下形式：(2)“have/get sb./sth.doing sth.”表示“让某人一直做某事/让某物处于某种状态”。The dancers incredible performance had the audience on its feet

24、 clapping for 10 minutes at the end of the show.在节目的最后，那位舞蹈演员令人难以置信的表演让观众站起来鼓掌达十分钟之久。天津高考We got the lawn mower working again eventually.我们终于又让割草机运转了起来。考点五非谓语动词作补语的用法分考点讲解3:非谓语动词作感官动词、使役动词的宾补2.常见的使役动词有四个：have,make,let,get，表示“使；让”的含义。常见的使役动词的宾补有以下形式：特别注意！have sb.doing sth.用于否定句中，常与cant,wont等连用，表示“不能容忍

25、某人做某事”。I wont have you speaking to your dad like that.我不容许你和你父亲那样讲话。考点五非谓语动词作补语的用法分考点讲解3:非谓语动词作感官动词、使役动词的宾补2.常见的使役动词有四个：have,make,let,get，表示“使；让”的含义。常见的使役动词的宾补有以下形式：(3)“have/get宾语done”有三种含义：表被动动作(主语可能参与了动作，也可能没参与)；让别人做某事(主语未参与动作)；主语遭遇了某事(主语未参与动作)。Before driving into the city,you are required to get your car washed.开车进城之前，你需要洗洗车。Were having our car repaired.我们的车正在修理中。He had his wallet stolen on his way home.回家的路上，他的钱包被偷了。