Unit 3 Words and expressions 单词讲义--高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册.docx

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1、Unit 3 Words and Expressions (选修四)set sail 起航; 开航 (sail vi. n.)set sail for. =sail for. 起航去某地 类似于leave for 离开去某地，for后面+地点/目的地set sail from.to. 从某地起航去某地1) However, merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did.2) We will set sail for Japan early

2、 tomorrow morning.extend vt. ex-tend extension n. extensive adj. extended adj. 延长了的 (仅用于名词前)(vt. & vi.) to make longer/larger/wider 延长(时间)；扩大(大小)；扩展(范围、距离) extend a deadline/visa 延长最后期限/签证Some of our courses extend over two years. extend a fence/road/house 扩建护栏/公路/房子The city has decided to extend th

3、e road to the airport.伸展舒展手臂/腿 vt.He extended his hand to the new employee. formal extend sth to sb 提供，给与 vt.extend a warm welcome to our visitorsextend my heartfelt thanks to sb for sth. 因向某人表示衷心的感谢extend an invitation 发出邀请形近词 extent n. 程度，大小，范围negotiate vt. 商定; 达成(协议) vi. 谈判; 磋商; 协商 negotiation n.

4、 谈判; 磋商; 协商vt. 商定; 达成(协议) negotiate sth.negotiate a deal 达成交易negotiate a settlement 商定解决措施vi. 谈判; 磋商; 协商negotiate with sb. 同协商；谈判；交涉negotiate for/about sth. 为谈判be under negotiation正在洽谈; 在协商中in negotiation with sb. 与某人协商1) The government will not negotiate with terrorists.2) We have been negotiating

5、for more pay.3) I will negotiate with their coach on the date of the match.league n. 联赛；等级水平；联盟同盟in a league of ones own 独领风骚; 独占鳌头; 比任何人都做得好at the top of the league 顶级的 / be in the same league 同一级别in league with 与密谋；与结盟/勾结1) In terms of economic power, military might and global influence, two count

6、ries - China and the US clearly stand in a league of their own.2) These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at the time. 这些船队极壮观，独领风骚。withdraw vi. vt. ( withdrew - withdrawn ) (使)撤回; 撤离 withdrawal n. 撤回，退出，取款withdraw (sb/sth) (from sth) (使)撤回，撤离 vt. vi.1) The government t

7、roops were forced to withdraw.2) She withdrew her hand from his. 她把手从他的手里抽了回来3) withdraw ones eyes from.把视线从移开(不再看)withdraw sth (from sth) 停止提供，不再给予1) The drug was withdrawn from sale after a number of people suffered serious side effects. 2) He withdrew his support for our campaign. 停止对我们运动的支持取(银行账

8、户的款) vt. withdraw sth from sth Id like to withdraw 500 from my current account. He hasmade several withdrawals fromhis bank account.-al 名词后缀 表示“状态”betray-betrayal; 背叛 dispose-disposal; 处理 dismiss-dismissal 开除解雇 approve-approval 赞成批准bond cn. 纽带; 关系 vt.vi. 增强信任关系; 使牢固结合1)The aim of this initiative is

9、to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.2)The man was having difficulty bonding with his children.vt.vi. 增强信任关系; 使牢固结合: bond A and B/bond A to B The glue cannot be used to bond wood to metal.profession n

10、. 职业; 行业 (指需要经过专业培训的职业，尤指需要较高的受教育水平的职业) (近义词career、occupation) professional adj. 职业的; 专业的; 娴熟的n. 专门人员; 专家; 职业运动员 professor n. 教授; 专家enter/go into/join a profession 从事/加入/参加一个行业caring profession护理行业 service profession服务专业by profession 就职业来说theprofessionsof law, medicine, and engineering.法律、医学、工程的职业1)

11、He hopes to enter the medical profession.2)Well as she sings, she is anything but a singer by profession. 不是一个职业歌手mercy n. 仁慈; 宽恕; 恩惠 merciful adj. 仁慈的; 宽容的; 慈悲的at the mercy of.: 任由.摆布show no mercy to .: 对.残酷无情have mercy on someone: 怜悯; 对.发慈悲1) Although this was banned in 1982, some countries are st

12、ill “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy.2)The Japanese soldiers showed no mercy to the average people.3)Im not going to put myself at the mercy of the bank.possession n. 个人财产(usually pl.); 拥有; 控制 (un) possess vt.同义词：belongings: 所有物; 财物be in ones possession: 归某人所有be in possession of

13、 sth: 拥有/占有/持有.have . in ones possession: 拥有/占有/持有.have possession of.: 拥有take possession of.: 拥有/占有.; 拿到.1) The house has been in the familys possession since the 1500s 2)In the war those people lost their homes and all their possessions.3)She was found in possession of stolen goods. opponent n. 反对

14、者; 对手; 竞争者 oppose v.反对; 抵制; 与角逐oppose doing 反对做be opposed to +名词/doing: 反对(做)exchange n. 交流；交换，互换 vt. 交换，交流；兑换an exchange student 交换生in exchange (for) 作为(对的)交换exchange sth with sb 和交换exchange A for B 把A兑换成BShe baked the cookies and invited others to donate online to fund research for rare diseases i

15、n exchange for her mouthwatering cookies. I hugged my sister tightly and exchanged a few words with her. They set up a project to let people exchange plastic and recyclable materials for digital money through a system. 把塑料和可回收材料换成数字货币Since you have such a keen interest in Chinese poetry, I bet you w

16、ill definitely seize the opportunity to exchange ideas with those who share your interest. applaud vt. & vi. 鼓掌 vt. 称赞; 赞赏 applause plz n. 鼓掌; 喝彩applaud sb. 为某人鼓掌applaud for sth/doing sth. 因而赞赏applause un. thunderous applause 雷鸣般的掌声a round of applause 一阵鼓掌 / a storm of applause 暴风雨般的掌声1)The crowd stood to applaud the scientists for their important ocean research work.2)Her mother applaud her for having the courage to refuse.4学科网（北京）股份有限公司