学术英语(理工)-Unit.ppt

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1、学术英语学术英语 理工理工Academic English for Science and EngineeringUnit 6 Making an OralPresentationUnit Contents1 Preparing your oral presentation2 Organizing the content3 Using proper language4 Delivering your presentation5 Using visual aids6 Dealing with Q and A7 Raising questions in class and in the lectu

2、re8 Participating in discussions1 Preparing your oral presentationHow to prepare for the presentationUnit 6 Making an OralPresentation1 Preparing your oral presentationHow to prepare for the presentation:l 1 Think about two things before the presentation:a)your purpose;b)your audience.l 2 Draft your

3、 presentation,and then summarize your draft into points to write on the slides of PPT and/or cards.l 3 Rehearse your presentation.Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation2 Organizing the contentThree parts of a presentationTask 1 Task 3Task 4Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation2 Organizing the contentThree pa

4、rts of a presentation:Part 1 Introduction.l a)Capture your audiences attention.l b)State your purpose or your goal.l c)Introduce the major points in the beginning.Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation2 Organizing the contentThree parts of a presentation:Part 2 Body.l a)Present your main points one by on

5、e in a logical order and use signal words to indicate where you are.l b)Keep to the main points and avoid excessive details.l c)Pause at the end of each point,to give the audience time to take notes,or time to think about what you are saying.l d)Use examples or anecdotes to illustrate your point whe

6、never you find it difficult or abstract for the audience to understand.l e)Use analogies.Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation2 Organizing the contentThree parts of a presentation:Part 3 Conclusion.l a)Let the audience know that you are approaching the end of the presentation,by restating your purpose,a

7、nd saying that you have achieved it.l b)Leave your audience with a clear summary of the main points you have covered in the talk.l c)Thank the audience.l d)Give the audience a chance to ask questions.Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation1 Function:Describe the outline of the talk2 Function:Introduce the

8、 topic3 Function:Indicate the shift from one idea to another4 Function:Give closing remarks5 Function:Summarize the talkUnit 6 Making an OralPresentation2 Organizing the content1 Yes,he wanted to draw the audience attention immediately.2 To introduce his topic and raise the awareness about the serio

9、usness of global warming.3 Yes,the story really created the effect he wanted to have on the audience.4 To echo the idea presented in the beginning part of the talk that global warming is a serious issue.5 To create a good effect.Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation2 Organizing the contentAccording to a

10、 recent survey,two-thirds of the worlds polar bears will be extinct by the mid-century.We heard“save the whales”in the 1990s,we are hearing“save the polar bear”now,we will hear soon“save the human beings”.For the next 10 minutes or so Im going to look at some of the serious effects of global warming

11、.Basically Ive divided my presentation into 3 parts.In the first part Ill talk about the melting glaciers and the way that these are contributing to rising sea levels.Then in the second part Ill look at climate change and give you some examples of how this is having a serious impact on wild animals

12、behavior and habitat.And in the final part Ill focus on the retreating snowlines and consider how these are causing the death of certain species of trees.Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation2 Organizing the content3 Using proper languageTips for using proper languageTask 1Unit 6 Making an OralPresentat

13、ion3 Using proper languageTips for using proper language:l 1)Use less formal or even colloquial languagel 2)Use simple languagel 3)Use more examples and analogies to illustrate your pointsl 4)Use few pronouns and do not be afraid of repetition.l 5)Check the pronunciation of difficult,unusual,or fore

14、ign words beforehandUnit 6 Making an OralPresentation1 Questions about personal habits.There are two functions for asking the questions:1)a topic-related question may help lead audience to this talk;2)it is more attractive and interesting for audience.2 There are three major points the speaker will

15、cover in his talk:1)the problem of sleep deprivation;2)the causes;and 3)the effects.The speaker introduces the main points of his talk in the very beginning so that the audience can follow it easily.Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation3 Using proper language3 Lets start with the problem of sleep depriv

16、ation.First,what are the causes of sleep deprivation?Now I m going to move on to the effects of sleep deprivation.Another consequence of sleep deprivation is car accidents.4 To make his lectures more concrete and understandable.Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation3 Using proper language5 How many of yo

17、u would say that that you dont go to sleep when you should because of the TV or the Internet?So now,what are the effects of sleep deprivation?The most common effect is,of course,sleepiness during the day.Let me ask youWhen do you feel sleepy?The rhetorical questions may involve the audience into his

18、 lecture.Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation3 Using proper language6 Lets,well,yeah,now,so,you,as you can see.The colloquial expressions may narrow the distance between the speaker and audience.7 The style is more informative and colloquial.The language is easy.For example,the structure and the vocabu

19、lary is simple.Many transitional words are used to guide the audience.Examples,personal experiences and stories are preferred to make the talk more interesting.Repetition is often employed to make his talk more understandable.Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation3 Using proper language4 Delivering your

20、presentationTips for delivering a presentationTask 1 Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation4 Delivering your presentationTips for delivering a presentation:l 1)Speak loudly enough for everyone in the room to hear you.l 2)Speak slowly and clearly,especially in terms of key words and important points.l 3)V

21、ary your voice quality.l 4)Vary your speed.l 5)Use pauses.l 6)Use body language.Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation1 Yes,he varied the volume of his voice and his speed when he wanted to place the emphasis on what he was saying.2 Yes,he made full use of his hands and his facial expression to achieve t

22、he maximal effects.3 He paused for the audience to think of the answer.He spoke word by word to emphasize the terrible result if the question is not appropriate replied.4 The speaker wanted to place emphasis on the idea conveyed.5 To add weight to the sentence.Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation4 Deli

23、vering your presentation5 Using visual aidsUsing visual aidsTips for making PPTTask 1 Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation5 Using visual aidsUsing visual aids:l 1)PPTs are the easiest and most reliable form of visual aids.l 2)Handouts are also an ideal aid.l 3)The use of a whiteboard/blackboard in a cl

24、assroom to add extra information is sometimes also necessary.Unit 6 Making an OralPresentationTips for making PPT:Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation5 Using visual aidsl a)reduce the major points in the lecture to words and phrases.l b)use bold typeface,and a reasonable size.l c)use double space and g

25、ive your audience time to take notes when they read each slide.l d)use colors,pictures and graphs which can make your PPTs more interesting and effective.l e)simplicity is the best esthetic tactic.1 By using the slide in which the statistics of U.S.emissions are shown.2 He wrote the suggestions on t

26、he slides,each slide for one suggestion.3 The speaker uses more pictures while Gore uses more words.4 They only put key words or key points on the slides and use bold typeface and a reasonable size so that the audience can see the words clearly.Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation5 Using visual aids5 T

27、he speaker of Lecture 10 uses small cards held in his hand while Gore simply uses slides as a prompt for his talk.6 Gore asked the audience to raise hands to answer the question“how many people here serve on the board of directors of a corporation?”while the speaker of Lecture 10 uses“we”and“you”to

28、narrow the distance between the audience and him.Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation5 Using visual aids6 Dealing with Q and ATips for dealing with Q and AUnit 6 Making an OralPresentation6 Dealing with Q and ATips for dealing with Q and A:l 1)Listen to the entire question.l 2)Pause and repeat the ques

29、tion.l 3)Credit the person for asking the question.l 4)Respond to the question honestly and the best you can.l 5)Bridge to the next question by asking them a question.Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation7 Raising questions in class and in the lectureTips for raising questionsUnit 6 Making an OralPresen

30、tation7 Raising questions in class and in the lectureTips for raising questions:Questions are often begun with:l What does mean?l Does that mean?l Do you mean byl Would you mind explaining the point about?l Could you say that last bit again please?l You mention but how is that related to?l Could you

31、 explain the point about?Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation8 Participating in discussionsTips for participating in discussionsTaskUnit 6 Making an OralPresentation8 Participating in discussionsTips for participating in discussions:l 1)Ask a question so that the speaker can clarify or elaborate on a p

32、oint that you may not understand.l 2)Make a comment to link two peoples opinions.l 3)Explain that you find another persons ideas interesting or useful,and describe why.l 4)Build on what someone else has said and extend his/her opinion and thought.l 5)Paraphrase a point someone has already made and b

33、uild on it.l 6)Summarize several peoples opinions.l 7)Ask a cause-and-effect.l 8)Disagree with someone in a respectful and constructive way.Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation1 Function:Express a point of view2 Function:Explain a reason3 Function:Give evidence for an argument4 Function:Acknowledge a persons idea5 Function:Offer a reason for disagreement6 Function:Give your own argument.8 Participating in discussionsUnit 6 Making an OralPresentation