定语从句复习版.ppt

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1、定语从句复习版 Still waters run deep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深 Where there is life,there is hope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望定语从句定语从句(一一).定语从句种类及构成定语从句种类及构成:1.My brother who works in the hospital is really kind 2.My brother,who works in the hospital,is really kind.限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句结构：结构：先行词先行词 +关系词关系词 +从句从句定语从句的位置

2、定语从句的位置:1.紧跟在先行词的后面紧跟在先行词的后面:I have found the book which I lost.2.2.定语从句后移定语从句后移/分隔式定语从句分隔式定语从句He laughs best who laughs last.3.as3.as引导的定语从句可前移引导的定语从句可前移As you all know,the earth is round.(二二).如何使用关系词如何使用关系词:1.关系代词关系代词 从句中从句中先行词先行词主语主语宾语宾语 定语指代人指代人指代物指代物2.关系副词关系副词 _,_,_ who (that)whom (that)省省whose

3、which that whichthat省省whosewhenwherewhywhose+n=the+n+of which/of whom of whom/which the nCf:限制性、非限制性限制性、非限制性定语从句:关系副词关系副词(作状语作状语)where when why:)where when why:1.where=介词介词+which2.when=介词介词+which3.why=for+whichI still remember the day_ I came here.when=on which This is the house _ I lived last year.

4、=in whichwhereHe gave a reason _ people like music.why=for which 引导非限制性定语从句的连接词，一律不能省略引导非限制性定语从句的连接词，一律不能省略解题方法和技巧 1.首先是确定定语首先是确定定语从句从句缺失什么成分。缺失什么成分。若是缺主语、宾语若是缺主语、宾语,定语，则在关系代定语，则在关系代词中选择。若是缺状语，则在关系副词中选择。若是缺状语，则在关系副 词中选择。词中选择。2.其次是看先行词其次是看先行词1 I refuse to accept the blame for something _was someone e

5、lses fault.A.who B.that C.where D.what2 Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school I met in the English speech contest last year.A.who B.where C.when D.which3 What do you think of teacher,Bob？I find it fun and challenging.It is a job _ you are doing something serious but inter

6、esting.A.where B.which C.when D.that 高考热点高考热点1:that 与与 which 的不同点的不同点:总结总结:下列下列5种情况下种情况下,要用要用 that 引导引导 定语从句定语从句,不能用不能用 which.1).当先行词当先行词是是 all,much,few,little,something,anything,everything.nothing 等不定代词时等不定代词时;或者先行词或者先行词 被被all,much,few,little,some,any,every,no 等词等词修饰时修饰时;2.当先行词当先行词被序数词和最高级修饰时被序数词和最

7、高级修饰时;3.当先行词当先行词被被 the only;the very;the same;the last 等词修饰时等词修饰时;4.当先行词中当先行词中既有人又有物既有人又有物时时;5.当当主句中有主句中有 who 或者或者 which 时时,为了避免重复为了避免重复,定语从句只能用定语从句只能用 that 引导引导.6 主句为主句为there/here/it is 开头时开头时下列两种情况下下列两种情况下不能用不能用 that 引导引导定语从句定语从句:1.引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句,不能用不能用that;2.关系代词前有介词前置关系代词前有介词前置时时,不能用不能用tha

8、t;cf:This is the classroom _ we study in.This is the classroom in _ we study.(that/which)whichIs this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I am looking after is better.在固定短语拆开会改变其含义在固定短语拆开会改变其含义的，的，介词不能提前介词不能提前下面两句中的介词能提前吗下面两句中的介词能提前吗?高考热点高考热点2:介词介词+关系代词关系代词 的考查的考查解题思路：解题思路：1找出先行词找出先行

9、词 2 将先行词代入从将先行词代入从句看缺失什么介词句看缺失什么介词Do you like the book which she spent$10?思路：思路：she paid$10 _ the bookDo you like the book _which she paid$10?思路：思路：she spent$10 _ the bookonfor1Do you like the book _she learned a lot?2Do you like the book _ she often talks?3He bought a telescope he could study the s

10、kies.4.There is a tall tree outside,_stands our teacher.5The man _ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling.6.He paid the boy$10 for washing ten windows,most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.from whichabout which through whichunder whichto whomof which表示部分与整体关系表示部分与整体关系/所属关系

11、的时候，所属关系的时候，用用 of+whom/which 常见常见:分数分数/百分数百分数/all/few/none/all/the majority/half/neither/both+of whom/which 桌上有桌上有2本书，两本都不好看。本书，两本都不好看。There are 2 books on the desk,neither of which is cheap.On her birthday,she received from her parents a nice present _a note was attached,_“We love you so much”.A.th

12、at,saying B.to which,saying C.to which,said D.in which,said Alec asked the policeman _he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.A.With him B.who B.C.with whom D.whom高考热点高考热点3:_ 1.The teacher set us such a difficult problem _ none of us worked out.The teacher set us such a difficult pro

13、blem _ none of us worked it out.)as thatas 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句定语从句定语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句 2.1.It is so difficult a question _ no one can solve it.2.It is so difficult a question _ no one can solve.A.that B.as AB定语从句定语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句3.This is the same bag _ I used last year.这个包和我去年用的那一个一样这个包和我去年用的那一个一样比较比较:This i

14、s the same bag _ I used last year.这就是我去年用的那个包。这就是我去年用的那个包。as that定语从句定语从句总结总结:1.as 可以可以引导限制性定语从句，引导限制性定语从句，用于下列固定句型中用于下列固定句型中:so/such/as/the sameas.as 充当从句的主语充当从句的主语、宾语或者表语、宾语或者表语.She is as beautiful a girl as I imagine.2.as 还可以还可以引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句,代表主句的所有内容代表主句的所有内容,as 从句既从句既可以可以 放在主句前放在主句前,也可以放

15、在主句后也可以放在主句后.as 的含义为的含义为“正如正如,像像.一样一样”常用句型：常用句型：As is known to all/As you can imagine/As is reported/said/As is often the caseWhich/as 引导非限制性定语从句区别引导非限制性定语从句区别1 as 有正如好像之意有正如好像之意2 which 引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句,即可代即可代表主句中一个先行词，也可代表整个表主句中一个先行词，也可代表整个主句，主句，as只能替代整个主句只能替代整个主句 which从句只能放在主句后，从句只能放在主句后，as 可放

16、可放前可放后前可放后As is often the case,he is absent.He saw the girl,which/as he had hoped.Which/as 引导非限制性定语从句区别引导非限制性定语从句区别4 as/which 在从句中在从句中作主语时作主语时，as+be/系动词系动词,which+任何谓语动词任何谓语动词He married her,which/as was natural.He saw the girl,which delighted him.1.The result of the game was good,_ we hadnt expected.

17、A.when B.that C.which D.what2._ I explained on the phone,your request will be considered at the next meeting.A.When B.After C.As D.WhichCC对比训练1._ is announced,the meeting was put off.2._ is announced that the meeting was put off.A.It B.AsBA 定语从句的定语从句的主谓一致：主谓一致：1 He is one of the students who_praised

18、 by the teacher.2 He is the only one of the students who_ praised by the teacher.3 The number of people who _ present at the meeting _ decreasing.werewas高考热点高考热点4:areis高考热点高考热点5:一些特殊词之后定语从句关联词的选择一些特殊词之后定语从句关联词的选择:A.1.(2003上海上海)I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English word

19、s and expressions but couldnt write a good essay.2.After graduation she reached a point in her career_ she needed to decide what to do.where wherecase/point/state/stage/situation/condition抽象意义的表地点的词，从句抽象意义的表地点的词，从句缺失状语时选用连接词缺失状语时选用连接词where,但是但是-Do you have anything to say for yourself?-Yes,there is

20、one point _ we must insist on.(that)B.What surprised us most was not what he said _ but the way _ he said it._ that in which 非限制性定语从句和单句的比较非限制性定语从句和单句的比较1.He has two sons.Both of _ are teachers.2 He has two sons,and both of _ are teachers.3.He has two sons,both of _ are teachers.them whomthemwhomthe

21、m whomand but or so和定语从句 二者不兼容1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together.2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3.I went to the farm I worked ten years ago.4.I went to the farm _ I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reason _ he was late.6.This is the reason _he gave.when(which/that)wh

22、ere(which/that)why(that/which)易混的情况对比易混的情况对比on whichon whichfor which1.All _ I do is for you.2._ I do is for you.A.that B.what C./D.which与其他从句对比训练与其他从句对比训练ACBwhatwhat引导主语从句引导主语从句,在从句中作主语在从句中作主语.whatwhat不能引导定语从句不能引导定语从句.The earth is round,_ is known to all._ is known to all,the earth is round._ is known to all _the earth is round._ is known to all is _the earth is round.which/as AsItthatWhatthatHe lives in the city whose scenery is beautiful.He lives in the city the scenery of which is broken This is the girl whose country is USAThis is the girl the country of whom is USA