江苏省南京市东山外国语国际学校高中英语 模块7 Unit2 Nouns and Pronouns & Simile课件 牛津.ppt

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1、Unit TwoNounsPronounssimile2021/8/8 星期日1Looking AheadApproaching the TopicDiscovering GrammarApplying Grammar1Further Development5432Simile6Contents of this Contents of this unitunit2021/8/8 星期日2Do you want a chocolate?My momma always said,“Life is like a box of chocolates.You never know what youre

2、going to get.”Looking AheadLooking Ahead2021/8/8 星期日3simileDo you want a chocolate?My momma always said,“Life is like a box of chocolates.You never know what youre going to get.”lifechocolatelikeas2021/8/8 星期日4mousemicesingularplural2021/8/8 星期日5What Do Kids Want?Read the passage quickly and underli

3、ne the nouns and pronouns.Then,put them in the right categories.CategoriesWordsCountable nounsUncountable nounsPronounsNouns are for persons,places,things and abstract ideas.In number,nouns can be countable and uncountable.Countable and uncountable nounsCountable and uncountable nouns2021/8/8 星期日6Ru

4、les of Forming Pluralsvowels and consonantsch,sh,x,sconsonant+yofphotos,magazineschurches,fishes,boxes,glassesbabies,familiesheroes,zoosknives,proofs+s+esi+es+es;+s v+es;+s2021/8/8 星期日7man men mouse micewoman women foot feetdeer deer child childrensheep sheep sister-in-lawsisters-in-lawox oxen tea-r

5、oom tea-roomsgoose geese girl-student girl-studentstooth teeth woman teacherwomen teacher2021/8/8 星期日8a piece of a cup ofa bar of a block ofa bottle ofa loaf ofa cloud ofchocolatebreaddustpapericeinkcoffeeunit nounsuncountable nouns2021/8/8 星期日9Describe the pictureThere is/areThere is a bed and a de

6、sk in the room.Two pictures are on the wall.On the bed lie two pillows and some clothes and there is a pair of shoes under the bed.On the desk there are several loaves of bread and a bottle of milk and a dog stands under the desk.Several pieces of paper are scattered on the floor.2021/8/8 星期日10Addit

7、ional Materials(1)尽管尽管不可数名词一般用单数形式一般用单数形式,但有以下几种情况值得但有以下几种情况值得注意注意:1.物质名词在表示种类时物质名词在表示种类时,可用复数。如可用复数。如:fruit 水果水果fruits 各种水果各种水果;tea茶茶teas 各种茶各种茶;steel 钢钢steels 各种钢材。各种钢材。2.某些物质名词的单复数形式表示不同意义。如某些物质名词的单复数形式表示不同意义。如:sand 沙沙(子子)sands 沙滩沙滩,沙地沙地;water 水水 waters 水域水域(海水、湖水、河水等海水、湖水、河水等);snow 雪雪 snows 积雪。积

8、雪。2021/8/8 星期日113.某些物质名词可根据上下文来判断它是可数名词还某些物质名词可根据上下文来判断它是可数名词还是不可数名词是不可数名词,其意义也不一样。如其意义也不一样。如:A glass is made of glass.玻璃杯是是玻璃做成的做成的.Tom didnt get todays papers but some white paper.汤姆汤姆没得到今天的没得到今天的报纸(文件或试卷文件或试卷),而是得到几张而是得到几张白纸。4.有些抽象名词也可用复数有些抽象名词也可用复数,此时该名词往往被具体化此时该名词往往被具体化了。如了。如:friendship friends

9、hips,hope hopes,difficulty difficulties。2021/8/8 星期日125.某些抽象名词使用复数时其意义与原来产生某些抽象名词使用复数时其意义与原来产生了较大变化。如了较大变化。如:time 时间时间 times 时代时代;work 工作工作works 著作著作,工厂工厂;spirit 精神精神 spirits 酒精酒精,情绪。情绪。6.专有名词一般只用单数专有名词一般只用单数,但有时也用复数。但有时也用复数。如如:the 1970s(20 世纪世纪70 年代年代);the Smiths(史密斯一家史密斯一家)。2021/8/8 星期日13Abstract

10、NounsFailure is the mother of success.He is a success as a writer.It has been a pleasure meeting you.Has she gone to Paris on business or for pleasure?An abstract noun is uncountable.But when it indicates a specific thing or person,it is countable.2021/8/8 星期日14Other examplesSo many officials like t

11、o offer their hopes to the audience at the end of the meeting.If you have some difficulties with your job,you can ask your partner for help.He has a few relations in this city.Although he had ended up with several failures,he still researched it trial and error.2021/8/8 星期日15Genitive NounsTom and Ja

12、cks books.Toms and Jacks books.Xiao Mings yesterdays noun+sboys plural+womens plural+sCharles/Charless noun+/s Books belong to both Tom and Jack.Toms books and Jacks books.2021/8/8 星期日16Sth.+of+sb./sth.+of+sb.sThis is the picture of Tom.This is the picture of Toms.Tom is in the picture.The picture i

13、s collected by Tom.2021/8/8 星期日17Additional Materials(2)名词所有格的构成主要分为四类1.表示有生命的东西的名词所有格一般在名表示有生命的东西的名词所有格一般在名词后加词后加s。如。如:Bushs opinion,our teachers wife。特殊情况2021/8/8 星期日18特殊情况1)以以-s 或或-es 结尾的复数名词的所有格只结尾的复数名词的所有格只在名词后加在名词后加。如。如:the students library,the bosses cars。2)不以不以-s 结尾的复数名词的所有格要加结尾的复数名词的所有格要加s。

14、如如:Childrens Day;womens rights。3)如专有名词以如专有名词以-s 结尾结尾,它的所有格一般只它的所有格一般只加加,但也有加但也有加s 的的,读作读作-iz。如。如:Burnss poems/Burns poems。2021/8/8 星期日194)复合名词的所有格的词尾复合名词的所有格的词尾s 加在后面的名词加在后面的名词之后。如之后。如:the manager-in-chiefs plan,his father-inlaws company。5)如果某物为两人共有如果某物为两人共有,则只有后一个名词后面则只有后一个名词后面加加s;如果不是共有的如果不是共有的,则两

15、个名词之后都要加则两个名词之后都要加s。如如:Helen and Janes room 海伦和珍妮的房间海伦和珍妮的房间(共有共有)Jacks and Kates shops 杰克的商店和凯特杰克的商店和凯特的商店的商店(分别有商店分别有商店)。2021/8/8 星期日206)在表示在表示“某人的家或办公室某人的家或办公室”以及以及“某人某人的店铺的店铺”的名词所有格的名词所有格,一般省略所有格后面一般省略所有格后面的名词。如的名词。如Mr.Smiths 史密斯先生的家或办公室史密斯先生的家或办公室,the tailors 裁缝店。裁缝店。7)有些指时间、距离、国家、城镇的无生命有些指时间、距

16、离、国家、城镇的无生命的名词也可加的名词也可加s 表示所有格。如表示所有格。如:two hours meeting,Canadas forests。2021/8/8 星期日21 名词所有格其他3类2.无生命东西的名词一般与无生命东西的名词一般与of 构成词组构成词组,表示所有关系。如表示所有关系。如:the end of the play,the contents of the magazine,the living room of the flat。3.有生命的东西的名词也可用有生命的东西的名词也可用of 词组表示所有格。如词组表示所有格。如:the experience of Kong F

17、anshen;the books of Lu Xun。4.表示所属物的名词前有冠词、数词、不定代词或指示代词时表示所属物的名词前有冠词、数词、不定代词或指示代词时,常常用用“of 词组词组+所有格所有格”结构表所有关系。如结构表所有关系。如:a classmate of my sisters;a photo of my brothers(我哥哥所有的照片中的一张我哥哥所有的照片中的一张,并不是有关他本人的照片并不是有关他本人的照片);those notebooks of the experts(那那些专家们的笔记本些专家们的笔记本)。2021/8/8 星期日22Pronounse.g.2021

18、/8/8 星期日23the pronoun refers to 1)that,those,one,itThe population of Shanghai is larger than that of Tokyo.TV sets made in Nanjing are better than those made here.I lost my pen.I will have to buy one.The parkers bought a new house,and it was very expensive.Group Group workwork2021/8/8 星期日24the prono

19、un refers to 1)some,anySeveral students are in the classroom.Some are reading,some are talking with each other.-Among all the books,which do you think will suit our purpose?-I think any will do.Group Group workwork2021/8/8 星期日25the pronoun refers to 3)both,either,neither,all,none a.Would you like a

20、cup of tea or a glass of milk?-I want both.-I want neither.-I think either will do.b.Who can sing the song?-All in this class can.-None in this class can.Group Group workworktea and milktea and milktea or milkthe studentsthe students2021/8/8 星期日26the pronoun refers to 4)everyone,each a.Boys,be quiet

21、.Everyone will have a chance to speak.b.At Bobs birthday party,each was given a piece of cake.Group Group workworkevery boyeach person who attended Bobs birthday party.2021/8/8 星期日27the pronoun refers to 5)other,the other,another,others,the others a.She has two children.One is a boy,the other is a g

22、irl.b.Look,there are three things on the table.One is a ruler,another is a rubber and the third is a pen.c.Some like milk chocolate,others prefer plain chocolate.d.I dont like these cartoon books.Have you any others?e.Some students are reading,the others are writing.Group Group workworkchildthingsot

23、her peoplecartoon booksstudents2021/8/8 星期日28Additional Materials(3)不定代词不定代词some,any,no,none,many,much,few,little,each,every,one,all,both,either,neither,other,anothersome,any,no,every+body/thing2021/8/8 星期日29不定代词用法1).不定代词的复数不定代词的复数 both 作复数;either,neither 作单数 e.g.Both of us like NBA,but neither of u

24、s takes part in sports.all 指人和具体事物时用作复数,指抽象概念或事物时用作单数。All have been invited to the Palace party.(all 指所有人指所有人)All he told us is a lie.(all 指他所说的一切指他所说的一切)2021/8/8 星期日302)不定代词作定语不定代词作定语有一些修饰可数名词有一些修饰可数名词,如如many,few;另一些修饰不可数名词另一些修饰不可数名词,如如much,little。some&any 既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词 e.g.Som

25、e strangers sell me some fresh tea,but I dont like any tea.Some young girl is waiting for you,so is any time spared for her?“某个女孩某个女孩”2021/8/8 星期日31some&anyany 常用在常用在疑问句和和否定句中中,而而some 常用在常用在肯定句中。如以上两句。但在以下情况中。如以上两句。但在以下情况some 也也可用于疑问句中可用于疑问句中:A.在表示请求和邀请时。如在表示请求和邀请时。如:Would you like some orange juice

26、?Could you lend me some dollars?B.预料对方可能会作肯定回答时。如预料对方可能会作肯定回答时。如:Are you expecting some guests this weekend?2021/8/8 星期日32no&noneno=not any,既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词数名词,常作定语。常作定语。none 用作名词时用作名词时,后面常常加后面常常加“of+名词名词(或代或代词等词等)”作定语。作定语。I had no money to afford my education,and no children to play

27、with me.None of his miserable experience has been heard of.None of my families has/have received college education.2021/8/8 星期日33each&everyeach 指每个人或事物的个别情况指每个人或事物的个别情况,意为意为“各个各个”。every 也有也有“每个每个”之意之意,但强调整体和共同性但强调整体和共同性,表表“每个都每个都”、“人人都人人都”,常修饰常修饰one,body,thing 等。二者作主语时等。二者作主语时,谓语都用单数,如如:Every one of

28、 them has their habits.Each of the pupils gets a toy.The clerk had a quarrel with each of his colleague.On Christmas,parents sent us each a present.2021/8/8 星期日34one用作定语用作定语,有有“某一某一”之意。如之意。如:One day,he came across one classmate of his childhood.Energy can be changed from one form into another.用作主语或宾

29、语时用作主语或宾语时,有有“一个人一个人”之意之意,此时此时,所有格所有格是是ones,反身代词是反身代词是oneself。如。如:One should make full use of his youth.One ought to be strict with oneself.代替上文出现过的名词代替上文出现过的名词,以避免重复。以避免重复。He had told me many web sites,but I remembered only one.（one website）This year a great number companies are in depression,thoug

30、h a dozen new ones developed well.(companies)2021/8/8 星期日35other,others,the other,the others,anotherother 表示表示“另外的另外的;其他的其他的”others 是是other 的复数形式的复数形式,表示表示“别人别人”或或“别的东西别的东西”the other 表示表示“两者中另一个两者中另一个”,the others 表表“其余几个其余几个”another 表示表示“另一个另一个”或或“又一个又一个”Thats a good idea,but have you any other bett

31、er solution?Some are swimming,some are diving and others are resting.Ive seen two world champions.One is Deng Yaping,and the other is Tian Liang.This company produces computers.Besides laptops,the others are laptops.Would you like to have another cup of coffee?The color of the T-shirt is too black,p

32、lease show me another.2021/8/8 星期日36复合不定代词somebody,someone,something;anybody,anyone,anything;nobody,no one,nothing;everybody,everyone,everything带带some 的词一般用于肯定句的词一般用于肯定句,带带any 的词一般用于否定句和疑的词一般用于否定句和疑问句。带问句。带no 的词本身就表示否定意义。这些复合不定代词的定的词本身就表示否定意义。这些复合不定代词的定语都必须后置。语都必须后置。Is everyone here?Sorry,someone is

33、 in WC,maybe Tom.Have you anything to ask?Lets end up with a song.I have nothing else to say.They are discussing something secret.Shall we go out to watch?2021/8/8 星期日371.the other;the other;one,the other;Other;Some,others;otherApplying GrammarApplying Grammar2021/8/8 星期日382.1)yesterday yesterdays 2

34、)advices advice3)somebodys else somebody elses 4)girls girl5)three-years silence three-year silence three-years silence three years of silence6)grasses grass7)me myself8)help I help me9)she her10)them it2021/8/8 星期日393.1)A 2)C 3)B 4)B 5)D 6)C 7)A 8)C2021/8/8 星期日404.Work in pairs and make up a story

35、by using the words given in the following box.country boat springflower bird road suggestion run2021/8/8 星期日41Choose the sentences that are equal to the given one.1.Not all the novels are worth reading.A.Some novels are worth reading.B.All the novels are not worth reading.C.None of the novels is wor

36、th reading.D.Not every one of the novels is worth reading.2.Both students arent interested in the TV play.A.Not both students are interested in the TV play.B.Either of the students is interested in the TV play.C.Neither student is interested in the TV play.D.Not every student is interested in the TV

37、 play.2021/8/8 星期日42高考链接1.The environmentalists said wild goats on the vast grasslands was a good indication of the better environment.(2004 上海上海)A.escape B.absence C.attendance D.appearance2.Every new has the possibility of making or losing money.(2002 上海上海)A.event B.venture C.adventure D.expectati

38、on2021/8/8 星期日433.In the botanic garden we can find a(n)of plants that range from tall trees to small flowers.(2001 上海上海)A.species B.group C.amount D.variety4.The faces of four American presidents on Mount Rushmure can be seen from a of 60 miles.(2004 全国全国)A.Length B.distance C.way D.space2021/8/8 星

39、期日445.American women usually identify their best friend as someone they can talk frequently.(2004上海上海)A.who B.as C.about which D.with whom6.The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that work pictures of them.(2003 上海上海)A.many of B.masses of C.the number of D.a large amount of2

40、021/8/8 星期日457.I have done much of the work.Could you please finish in two days?(2004 辽宁辽宁)A.the rest B.the other C.another D.the others8.Both teams were in hard training.was willing to lose the game.(2001 上海上海)A.Either B.Neither C.Another D.The other2021/8/8 星期日469.of the land in that district cove

41、red with trees and grass.(2000 上海上海)A.Two fifth,is B.Two fifth,are C.Two fifths,is D.two fifths,are10.is reported in newspaper,talks between the two countries are making progress.(2004 北京北京)A.It B.As C.That D.What2021/8/8 星期日4711.As a result of destroying the forests,a large of desert covered the la

42、nd.(2001 上海上海)A.number,has B.quantity,has C.number,have D.quantity,have12.is known to everybody,the moon travels around the earth once every month.(2001 全国全国)A.It B.As C.That D.What2021/8/8 星期日4813.As I know,there is car in this neighborhood.(2001 上海上海)A.no such B.no a C.not such D.no such a14.We ha

43、d three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for .(2004 浙江浙江)A.none B.either C.any D.each15.Do you like here?Oh,yes.The air,the weather,the way of life.Everything is so nice.(2004 全国全国)A.this B.these C.that D.it2021/8/8 星期日49SimileDo you want a Do you want a chocolate?My chocolate?My mo

44、mma always momma always said,“said,“Life is like a Life is like a box of chocolates.box of chocolates.You never know You never know what youre going what youre going to get.”to get.”The sentence The sentence contains a contains a figure of figure of speech called speech called similesimile.Step 1Ste

45、p 12021/8/8 星期日50simileLife is like a box of chocolates.lifechocolateslikeas本体本体subject喻体喻体reference比喻词比喻词simile marker2021/8/8 星期日51Simile makes a comparison between two unlike things that have two unlike things that have at least one quality or characteristic in common.A simile consists of a subje

46、ct(the thing/person being described),a reference(the thing/person to which the subject is compared),and a simile marker(words or phrases used to link the subject and the reference).Simile2021/8/8 星期日521)The girl is as beautiful as(a flower,a stone,a table,the sun,).2)A teacher is like(a tree,a cup,a

47、 gardener,)3)Life is like(a word,a pen,a room,a stage,.)Step 2Step 2Study itStudy it2021/8/8 星期日53My love is like a red,red roseThat is newly sprung in June;My love is like the melody.That is sweetly played in tune.Step3Step3Appreciate itAppreciate it2021/8/8 星期日54 Complete the following table accor

48、ding to the sentences in Task 1 above.Step4Step42021/8/8 星期日55Which one is correct?John was like a rooster who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.A.John resembles a rooster in appearance.B.John can sing as a rooster does.C.John gets up as early as a rooster.D.John and the rooster are alike i

49、n that they are both proud.Step5Step5Practice itPractice itD2021/8/8 星期日56Step5Step5Practice itPractice itsimilesubjectreferenceSimile marker1)2)3)4)5)6)7)XXXILikenessyouwit and humor in conversiona cloudpeasa snailsalt in foodasasaslike2021/8/8 星期日57English Chineseas different as apples and nutsas

50、light as a feather to drink as a fish like a drowned rat as poor as a church mouse as timid as a bare/rabbit as sound as a bell as true as steel截然不同轻如鸿毛大喝；牛饮落汤鸡一贫如洗胆小如鼠极健康；极清楚绝对忠实可靠的2021/8/8 星期日58English Chineseas white as flouras black as a crow to eat like a horse as ugly as a toad as drunk as a r