新课标 高考英语专题复习 动词时态.ppt

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1、动词时态动词时态一一.一般现在时态（一般现在时态（do/does式）：式）：1.一般用法一般用法:1表示现在经常性或习惯性的动作表示现在经常性或习惯性的动作,e.g.He often go to the cinema.My sister wears glasses.I go to the school every day.2表示现在或经常性的情况或状态表示现在或经常性的情况或状态,e.g.Mother is ill.He likes living in the country.3表示现在的能力、特征、职业等表示现在的能力、特征、职业等,e.g.He sings well.（能力）（能力）202

2、1/8/8 星期日1 My father gets up early.（习惯）（习惯）Miss Dothy teaches English.（职业）（职业）This machine runs smoothly.（特征）（特征）4表示客观真理、科学事实表示客观真理、科学事实、格言以及不受时间限制的、格言以及不受时间限制的客观存在的事实客观存在的事实,e.g.Summer follows spring.（客观规律）（客观规律）The earth runs around the sun.（客观规律）（客观规律）Fire burns.（客观事实）（客观事实）Knowledge is power.（客观

3、真理）（客观真理）2.特别用法特别用法:1主句是将来时态或表示将来意义主句是将来时态或表示将来意义,时间状语从句和条件时间状语从句和条件状语从句状语从句须用一般现在时表将来须用一般现在时表将来,e.g.Ill write to her when I have time.If we hurry up,we can catch the bus.2021/8/8 星期日2Tell me in case you get into difficulty.2主句是将来时态或表示将来意义主句是将来时态或表示将来意义,让步状语从句和方式让步状语从句和方式状语从句状语从句须用一般现在时表将来须用一般现在时表将来

4、,e.g.Whatever you say,I wont pay.Whether you help him or not,he will fail.Next time Ill do as he says.3用于用于“the比较级比较级,the比较级比较级”中中,前一个用前一个用一般现在时表将来一般现在时表将来,后一个用一般现在时表将来或一般后一个用一般现在时表将来或一般将来时将来时,e.g.The more you eat,the fatter you（will）become.4当主句为将来时当主句为将来时,定语从句定语从句用一般现在时表将来用一般现在时表将来,eg.Ill give you

5、anything you ask for.Hell give anyone 5，000 who help him with his Russian 2021/8/8 星期日35表示按规定、时间表表示按规定、时间表、计划或安排要发生的动作、计划或安排要发生的动作,用一用一般现在时表将来般现在时表将来,e.g.Are you on duty next weekend?The train leaves at 12:00.6在在make sure（弄清楚）（弄清楚）,make certain（弄清楚）（弄清楚）,mind（注意）（注意）,watch（注意）（注意）,take care（注意（注意,当心

6、）当心）be careful（注意（注意,当心）等后的当心）等后的that从句中用一般现在从句中用一般现在时表将来时表将来,e.g.We must take care that no one sees us.Make sure you lock the door before you leave.Be careful that you dont hurt her feelings.Watch that the baby doesnt go near the heater.7在在it doesnt matter,I dont care,I dont mind等结构等结构后以及类似结构后的后以及类

7、似结构后的名词性从句名词性从句用一般现在时表将来用一般现在时表将来,e.g.2021/8/8 星期日4It doesnt matter where we go on holiday.Does it matter who goes first?I dont care whether we win or lose.8主句是将来完成时态主句是将来完成时态,从句有从句有by the time 所引导的从所引导的从句用一般现在时表将来（主句是过去完成时态句用一般现在时表将来（主句是过去完成时态,从句有从句有by the time 所引导的从句用一般过去时）所引导的从句用一般过去时）,e.g.By the

8、 time he comes,Ill have left.（By the time he came,I had left.）二二.一般过去时态（一般过去时态（did式）式）:1.基本用法基本用法:1表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作,e.g.We often played together when we were children.注注:表示过去习惯性的动作表示过去习惯性的动作,可用可用would,used to,e.g.He used to work by bus.2021/8/8 星期日52表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态:He boug

9、ht the computer five years ago.It was then a small fishing village.2.特别用法特别用法:1表客气或委婉的现在表客气或委婉的现在:I wondered if you were free this evening.I thought you might like some flowers.（注（注:过去进行时也可表示现在使语气更委婉、客气过去进行时也可表示现在使语气更委婉、客气,eg.I was wondering if you could give me a lift.We were hoping you would stay

10、with us.能这样用能这样用的动词主要限于的动词主要限于want,wonder,think,hope,intend等等少数动词。）少数动词。）2 一般过去时态用于某些特殊结构中表现在一般过去时态用于某些特殊结构中表现在,这些结构这些结构主要是主要是its time,I wish,I would rather,if only,2021/8/8 星期日6as if,as though等等:Its time we started.I wish I knew his name.Id rather you lived with us.注注:would rather等还可用一般过去时表将来等还可用一般

11、过去时表将来.e.g.I would rather you came next Monday.三三.一般将来时（一般将来时（will/shall动原）动原）:1.一般用法一般用法:一般将来时基本用法：表示单纯的将来事实，一般将来时基本用法：表示单纯的将来事实，e.g.We shall have a lot of rain next month.2.表示将来时的常见用法及区别表示将来时的常见用法及区别:be to/be going to/be about to/bev-ing/be due to/will/shall 动原动原1表示某个意图没有经过事先考虑表示某个意图没有经过事先考虑,而是在说话

12、的时候才而是在说话的时候才决定做某事用决定做某事用will,e.g.-You forget to close the door.2021/8/8 星期日7-Oh,Ill close it at once.-Ann is in hospital.-Oh,really?I didnt know.Ill go and visit her.2表示迹象表明要发生某事表示迹象表明要发生某事,则只能用则只能用be going to,e.g.Look at the dark clouds.Its going to rain.3be going to还有以下用法还有以下用法,e.g.强调主观想法或意图强调主观想

13、法或意图:Im going to wash the car if I have time.（注意注意:此时此时不能用不能用 bev-ing,bev-ing表示将来表示将来,主要强调已经主要强调已经作出的作出的 安排安排,e.g.Im picking you up at 6:00,dont forget.）强调某个意图是事先考虑好的强调某个意图是事先考虑好的:-Ann is in hospital.-Yes,I know.Im going to visit her tomorrow.2021/8/8 星期日84be to:命中注定的事命中注定的事,隐含在未来之中的事隐含在未来之中的事,I thi

14、nk we are to meet again many years later.父母让子女父母让子女,上级让下级做的事上级让下级做的事,表示命令表示命令,Youre to do your homework before you watch TV.表征求意见表征求意见,用于问句用于问句,Are we to hand in the papers at 10:30?5be about to表示动作之快的将来表示动作之快的将来,其后不能接时间状其后不能接时间状语语,它与它与be on the point of doing sth.相似相似,Autumn is about to start.They

15、are on the point of starting.6be due to与时间表与时间表,旅行计划等有关旅行计划等有关,e.g.The train is due to leave at 7:00.He is due to leave very soon.四四.过去将来时（过去将来时（would动原）与一般将来时相似。动原）与一般将来时相似。2021/8/8 星期日9五五.现在完成时（现在完成时（have/hasp.p.）1.基本用法基本用法:1影响性用法影响性用法:该用法表示一个过去发生的动作在过去已该用法表示一个过去发生的动作在过去已经完成经完成,且对现在造成影响或结果且对现在造成影响

16、或结果,同时说话者强调的或同时说话者强调的或感兴趣的就是这个影响或结果感兴趣的就是这个影响或结果,e.g.He has left the city.（结果（结果:他不在这个城市）他不在这个城市）Someone has broken the window.（结果（结果:窗户仍破窗户仍破着）着）2持续性用法持续性用法:该用法表示一个过去发生的动作在过去该用法表示一个过去发生的动作在过去并未在过去完成并未在过去完成,而是持续到现在而是持续到现在,且可能继续持续下去且可能继续持续下去或可能到此结束或可能到此结束,e.g.Have you waited long?We have been busy th

17、is afternoon.2.用现在完成时的典型场合用现在完成时的典型场合:2021/8/8 星期日101“since过去时间过去时间”或或“since接接that从句（从句中从句（从句中用一般过去时）用一般过去时）”则句中用现在完成时则句中用现在完成时,e.g.I havent seen her since last week.Where have you been since I last saw you?2句中有句中有so far/in（for/during）the past（last）years（months）/up to now/until now等等短语则句中谓语用现在完成时短语则

18、句中谓语用现在完成时,e.g.So far there has been no news.She hasnt had any friends so far.In the past two years Ive seen him three times.He has been in Guangdong（for）the last month.Up to now,the work has been very easy.3“It/This/That is the first（second/third）timethat从句从句”或或“It/This/That is the onlythat从从句句”202

19、1/8/8 星期日11或或“It/This/That is the 最高级最高级 that从句从句”从句从句中谓语用现在完成时中谓语用现在完成时,e.g.It/This/That is the first time that I have come to Zhejiang.It/This/That is the only party that I have ever really enjoyed in my life.It/This/That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.（注（注:以上句型把以上句型把is改为改为was,

20、则从句时态相应改为过去完则从句时态相应改为过去完成时态）成时态）3.现在完成时与一般过去时态的区别现在完成时与一般过去时态的区别:现在完成时强调对现在完成时强调对现在的影响或结果现在的影响或结果,而一般过去时态强调这一个动作发而一般过去时态强调这一个动作发生的时间是过去。生的时间是过去。e.g.Ive lived here for ten years.（现在仍住在这儿（现在仍住在这儿）2021/8/8 星期日12 I lived here for ten years.（现在不住在这儿（现在不住在这儿）He has bought a house.（现在已拥有这房子）（现在已拥有这房子）He bo

21、ught a house.（现在拥不拥有这房子（现在拥不拥有这房子,不知道不知道,只是知道买了房子只是知道买了房子,现在可能拥有也可能卖掉了）现在可能拥有也可能卖掉了）4.“have been to 地点地点”与与“have gone to地点地点”,前前者表示去过某地者表示去过某地,说话的时候已不在去过的地方说话的时候已不在去过的地方,现在在现在在对方的身边对方的身边,而后者表示说话的时候而后者表示说话的时候,去某地的人不在场去某地的人不在场,可能到达某地可能到达某地,也可能在去某地的路上也可能在去某地的路上,反正不在说话者反正不在说话者的身边。的身边。e.g.He has been to

22、Paris three times.He has gone to Paris.六六.过去完成时（过去完成时（had p.p.）1.基本用法基本用法:既表示在过去某一时间之前已完成的动作既表示在过去某一时间之前已完成的动作,也也表示从某一较早的过去动作持续到一个较迟的过去的表示从某一较早的过去动作持续到一个较迟的过去的2021/8/8 星期日13动作动作,e.g.He had left when I arrived.By six oclock he had worked twelve hours.用好过去完成时用好过去完成时,关键在于理解它的时间是关键在于理解它的时间是“过去的过去过去的过去”。

23、2.want/think/hope/plan/mean/expect/intend/suppose等动词的过去完成时不定式的一般式（等于这些动词等动词的过去完成时不定式的一般式（等于这些动词的一般过去式后接不定式的完成式）的一般过去式后接不定式的完成式）,表示过去为曾实表示过去为曾实现的愿望、打算、想法等现的愿望、打算、想法等e.g.I had meant to come,but something happened.（I meant to have come,but something happened.）I had intended to speak at the meeting,but

24、time didnt permit.（I intended to have spoken at the meeting,but time didnt permit.）这种用法在不定式里已讲过。这种用法在不定式里已讲过。2021/8/8 星期日143.一些特殊句型中的过去完成时一些特殊句型中的过去完成时:1“It/This/That was the first（second/third）timethat从句从句”或或“It/This/That was the onlythat从句从句”或或“It/This/That was the 最高级最高级 that从句从句”从从句中谓语用过去完成时。句中谓

25、语用过去完成时。2by（the end of）过去时间）过去时间,句中谓语用过去完成句中谓语用过去完成时时,e.g.We had learnt 3,000 words by the end of last term.By 8:00a.m.yesterday,we had arrived the park.3by the time一般过去式一般过去式,主句中谓语用过去完成时主句中谓语用过去完成时,e.g.By the time he came back,we had repaired the machine.4No sooner had主语主语p.p.than 一般过去一般过去2021/8/8

26、星期日15时时/Hardly had主语主语p.p.when 一般过去时一般过去时/Scarcely had主语主语p.p.when/before一一般过去时般过去时/Barely had主语主语p.p.before一般一般过去时过去时e.g.No sooner had he gone to the garden than his son went to play with his classmates.Hardly had he heard the news when he cried.七七.现在进行时（现在进行时（bev-ing）:1.基本用法基本用法:表示说话人在说话时正在进行的动作表示

27、说话人在说话时正在进行的动作,或不断或不断重复的动作或目前这个阶段（重复的动作或目前这个阶段（不一定是说话的时候不一定是说话的时候）正在进行的动作正在进行的动作,e.g.Were having a meeting.（说话时正在进行的动作）（说话时正在进行的动作）He is teaching in a school.（目前这个阶段正在进行（目前这个阶段正在进行的动作）的动作）2021/8/8 星期日162.现在进行时表示将来现在进行时表示将来,主要表示按计划或安排要发生的主要表示按计划或安排要发生的动作动作,e.g.Im leaving tomorrow.They are getting mar

28、ried next week.注注:现在进行时表示将来现在进行时表示将来,其计划性较强其计划性较强,并往往暗示一种并往往暗示一种意图意图,而一般现在时态表示将来而一般现在时态表示将来,除特殊的从句用一般现除特殊的从句用一般现在时态表示将来在时态表示将来,一般其客观性较强一般其客观性较强,多指按时刻表或规多指按时刻表或规定要发生的事情定要发生的事情,e.g.Im not going out this evening.What time does the train leave?3.现在进行时与现在进行时与always/forever/constantly/continuously等连用等连用,表

29、示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩情色彩,e.g.Shes always helping others.2021/8/8 星期日17Shes constantly changing her mind.4.动词动词be的现在进行时的现在进行时,表示一时的表现或暂时的状态表示一时的表现或暂时的状态,e.g.She is foolish.（生性如此）（生性如此）She is being foolish.（一时的表现）（一时的表现）能这样用的形容词多为能这样用的形容词多为angry,careful,clever,stupid,kind,brave,friendly,rud

30、e,polite等动态形容词。等动态形容词。八八.过去进行时（过去进行时（was/were v-ing）1.一般用法一般用法:表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作,He was playing while I was studying.2.过去进行时表示现在过去进行时表示现在,主要使语气更委婉、客气主要使语气更委婉、客气,eg.I was wondering if you could give me a lift.We were hoping you would stay with us.能这样用的动能这样用的动词主要限于词主要限于want,wonder,think,h

31、ope,intend等少数等少数动词。动词。2021/8/8 星期日183.过去进行时与过去进行时与always/forever/constantly/continuously等连用等连用,表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩情色彩,e.g.Shes always helping others.They were always quarrelling.4.动词动词be的过去进行时的过去进行时,表示一时的表现或暂时的状态表示一时的表现或暂时的状态,e.g.She was friendly.（生性如此）（生性如此）She was being friendly.（一时的

32、表现）（一时的表现）九九.将来进行时（将来进行时（will/shallbe v-ing）1.基本用法基本用法:表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作,e.g.When I get home at 9:00 tomorrow,my son will be watching TV.2021/8/8 星期日192.表示按计划或安排要发生的动作表示按计划或安排要发生的动作,e.g.Ill be taking my holidays soon.Well be visiting London next week.3.用于问句用于问句,表客气或委婉的语气表客气或委婉的语气.e.g.Wi

33、ll you be having some tea?When will you be paying back my money?十十.将来完成时（将来完成时（will/shallhave p.p.）1.基本用法基本用法:既表示到将来某一时间为止势必会完成的动既表示到将来某一时间为止势必会完成的动作或预计要完成的动作作或预计要完成的动作,e.g.When we get there,shell have gone to work.2.by（the end of）将来时间）将来时间,句中谓语用将来完成时句中谓语用将来完成时,e.g.We will have learnt 3,000 words by

34、 the end of next term.2021/8/8 星期日20By 8:00a.m.tomorrow,we will have arrived the park.3.by the time一般现在时一般现在时,主句中谓语用将来完成时主句中谓语用将来完成时,e.g.By the time he comes back,wewill have repaired the machine.4.与用一般现在时态表示将来一样与用一般现在时态表示将来一样,时间状语从句和条件时间状语从句和条件状语从句须用现在完成时表将来状语从句须用现在完成时表将来,e.g.Ill go with you when I

35、 have finished my work.等我完等我完成工作以后我就同你去。成工作以后我就同你去。十一十一.现在完成进行时（现在完成进行时（have/has been v-ing）1.一般用法一般用法:表示现在以前一段时间里一直在进行的动作表示现在以前一段时间里一直在进行的动作,这一动作可能仍在进行这一动作可能仍在进行,也可能已停止也可能已停止,e.g.It has been raining since two days ago.2021/8/8 星期日212.现在完成进行时现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别现在完成时的区别:1现在完成时可以表示一个已经完成的动作现在完成时可以表示一个已经完

36、成的动作,而现在完成而现在完成进行时表示一个正在进行的动作进行时表示一个正在进行的动作,e.g.I have read the book.I have been reading the book.2现在完成时只陈述一个事实现在完成时只陈述一个事实,但现在完成进行时可表示但现在完成进行时可表示感情色彩感情色彩,e.g.I have waited three hours.I have been waiting three hours.（等得好辛苦）（等得好辛苦）3现在完成进行时常用来谈论较短暂的动作或情况现在完成进行时常用来谈论较短暂的动作或情况,而现而现在完成时谈论延续较长的动作或情况在完成时谈

37、论延续较长的动作或情况,甚至永久情况甚至永久情况,e.g.He has lived in Paris.He has been living in Paris.2021/8/8 星期日22十二十二.过去将来完成时（过去将来完成时（would havep.p.）表示在过去看来将来某个时候已经完成的动作表示在过去看来将来某个时候已经完成的动作,e.g.She said she would have finished her exams by then.强化训练强化训练:1.（2005湖南）湖南）Since I won the big prize,my telephone hasnt stopped

38、ringing.People_to ask how I am going to spend the money.A.phone B.will phone C.were phoning D.are phoning2.（2005北京）北京）As soon as he comes back,Ill tell him when_ and see him.A.you will come B.will you come C.you come D.do you come 3.（2005江西）江西）-Hurry up！Alice and Sue are waitingDA2021/8/8 星期日23for y

39、ou at the school gate.-Oh！I thought they _ without me.A.went B.are going C.have gone D.had gone 4.（2005江苏）江苏）They_ on the program for almost one week before I joined them,and now we _it as no good results have come out so far.A.had been working,are still working B.had worked,were still working C.hav

40、e been working,have worked D.have worked,are still working 5.（2005辽宁）辽宁）Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she didnt want her parents to know what she _.A.has done B.had done C.was doing D.is doingDAC2021/8/8 星期日246.（2005安徽）安徽）The manager had fallen asleep where he _,without un

41、dressing.A.was laying B.was lying C.had laid D.had lied7.（2005上海）上海）More than a dozen students in that school_ abroad to study medicine last year.A.sent B.were sent C.had sent C.had been sent8.（2005山东）山东）The country life he is used to _ greatly since 1992.A.change B.has changed C.changing D.have cha

42、nged 9.（2005湖北）湖北）When the old man _ to walk back to his house,the sun _ itself behind the mountains.A.started,had already hiddenB.had started,had already hidden C.had started,was hiding D.was starting,hidBBBA2021/8/8 星期日2510.（2005天津）天津）By the time Jane gets home,her aunt _ for London to attend a me

43、eting.A.will leave B.leaves C.will have left D.left11.（2004湖南）湖南）Turn on the television or open a magazine and you_ advertisement showing happy families.will often see B.often see C.are often seeing D.have often seen12.（2004湖南）湖南）-I hear Jans has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday.-Oh,how nice！

44、Do you know when she_?A.was leaving B.had left C.has left D.left13.（2003）All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor,her nervousness_.CAD2021/8/8 星期日26A.has grown B.is growing C.grew D.had grown14.（2002）You havent said a word about my new coat,Brenda.Do you like it?-Im sorry I_

45、anything about it sooner.I certainly think its pretty on you.A.wasnt saying B.dont sayC.wont say D.didnt say15.（2001）I _ ping-pong quite well,but I havent had time to play since the new yearA.will play B.have played C.played D.play16.（2001）Selecting a mobile phone for personaluse is no easy task bec

46、ause technology _ so rapidly.A.is changing B.has changed C.will have changed D.will changedCDDA2021/8/8 星期日2717.（2000）Youve left the light on.-Oh,so I have._ and turn it off.A.Ill go B.Ive gone C.I go D.Im going18.（2000）The reporter said that the UFO_ east to west when he saw it.A.was travelling B.t

47、ravelled C.had been travelling D.was to travel19.（1999）-Hey,look where you are going！-Oh,Im terribly sorry._.A.Im not noticing B.I wasnt not noticing C.I havent noticed D.I dont notice20.（1998）-Nancy is not coming tonight.-But she _！A.promises B.promised C.will promise D.had promisedAABB2021/8/8 星期日

48、2821.（1998）Shirley_ a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished it.A.has written B.wrote C.had written D.was writing22.（1997）I first met Lisa three years ago.She _at a radio shop at that time.A.has worked B.was working C.had been working D.had worked23.（1997）-Is this rainco

49、at yours?-No,mine _ there behind the door.A.is hanging B.has hung C.hangs D.hung24.（1997）-Who is Jerry Cooper?-_?I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.A.Dont you meet him yet B.Hadnt you met him yetC.Didnt you meet him yet D.Havent you met him yet DBAD2021/8/8 星期日2925.（1996）-Can I help you

50、?-Yes,I bought this radio here yesterday,but it _.A.didnt work B.wont workC.cant work D.doesnt work26.（1996）-_ My glasses?-Yes,I saw them on your bed a minute ago.A.Do you see B.Had you seen C.Would you see D.Have you seen 27.（1996）Hellen _ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband