高考英语 《阅读理解》题型及技巧复习课件.ppt

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1、阅读理解 题型及技巧2021/8/11 星期三1一、细节理解题：一、细节理解题：1、直接事实题直接事实题：2、间接事实题间接事实题：先阅读题干，确定读材料的时候要查找的先阅读题干，确定读材料的时候要查找的细节及事实的范围，然后利用细节及事实的范围，然后利用略读略读的手法的手法找出出处。找出出处。需结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行需结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断。简单的概括和判断。2021/8/11 星期三2 Many American presidents in the 19th century were born in poor families.They spent thei

2、r childrenhood in little wooden rooms.They got little education.Washington and Lincoln,for example,never went to school and they taught themselves.Lincoln once did jobs of a worker,shop-keeper and post officer in his early years.A large number of U.S presidents had experiences in the army.The two be

3、st known were Ulysses Grant and Dwight D.Eisenhower.Grant was a general in the American Civil War and Eisenhower was a hero in the second World War.It happened that they graduated from the same schoolWest Point Military Academy(西点军校)12021/8/11 星期三3Q:President Eisenhower became well-known .A.whilestu

4、dyinginWestPointMilitaryAcademyB.duringtheAmericanCivilWarC.after he was elected President of theU.S.D.duringWorldWarII.Eisenhower was a hero in the second World War.2021/8/11 星期三4InvitedbyMr.YeHuixian，hostofthewellreceivedTVprogramme“StarsTonight”，MissLuoLin，MissAsiaof1991，appearedastheguesthostess

5、ontheShanghaiTVscreenlastSunday.BorninShanghaiandtakentoHongKongwhenshewasonlysixyearsold，LuoLinhasneverdreamedofbeingMissAsia.Herchildhooddreamwastobeanairhostess.Beforeshetookpartinthecompetition，shehadbeenanairhostessinCathayAirlineforsevenyears.22021/8/11 星期三5However，itstilltookherthreemonthstol

6、earntheartofwalkingonthestage，dancing，singing，making-upandotherpropermanners，designedbytheAsiaTVStation.“Itsreallyahardjobforme.Iwontenterforsuchcompetitionanymore.Anyhow，Iamquitelucky.IamalsogladtohavehadmorechancetoworkforthesocialwelfaresinceIwonthetitle.Thistime，inShanghai，Idlovetomakeadeepimpre

7、ssiononmyTVaudience，saidLuoLinwithasweetsmile.2021/8/11 星期三6Q：Which of the following is NOT true?A.LuoLinisanativeofShanghai.B.LuoLinmovedtoHongkongwithherparents.C.LuoLinwonthetitleofMissAsiain1991.D.AsiaTVStationhelpedLuoLintobecomeMissAsia.Miss Asia of 1991,Born in Shanghai,designed by the Asia T

8、V Station2021/8/11 星期三7二、主旨判断题：二、主旨判断题：题干形式：1)Whatdoesthewritermainlytellus?2)Whichofthefollowingcansummarizethemainideaofthistext?3)Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainidea?4)Whichisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?5)Thebesttitleforthisnewspaperarticleis_.技巧：剔除细节或论据，找到各段的主题句 （topic sentence）范围一般包括：短

9、文标题、主题（Title）；大意或段落大意（Main idea）2021/8/11 星期三8 Kleptomania is an illness of the mind that gives a person the desire to steal.Such a person is not really a thief.They are sick and cannot help themselves.All small children act naturally and as they grow up they normally learn to control their actions.

10、People with kleptomania for certain medical reasons have failed to develop control over their desire to take things that do not belong to them.With medical help they may become normal citizens again.They things that a kleptomaniac steals are seldom of great value.They often give away what they have

11、stolen or collect objects without using them.32021/8/11 星期三9Q:What is the topic of the text?A.YoungThieves.B.AnUnusualIllness.C.ReasonsforStealingD.ANormalChildsActions.Topic Sentence:Kleptomania is an illness of the mind that gives a person the desire to steal.2021/8/11 星期三10 Boston-Thievesdresseda

12、spoliceenteredamuseum early Sunday and stole 11 paintings,including major works by Rembrandt,Dagas,ManetandVermerr,FBI(美国联邦调查局)andthemuseumofficialssaid.Thefirstjudgmentplacedvalueofatleast$100million on the works stolen from the IsabellaGardener Museum,said Boston police spokes-manJimTordanWilliamB

13、obinson,ofHardvardUnivercitysFoggelMuseum,calledtheobjectsstolen“majorworks.”42021/8/11 星期三11Q:What is the best headline for this newspaper article?A.ATheftTookPlaceinBostonB.ArtworksstolenbyThievesC.MajorWorksD.InvestigationintothetheftTopic Sentence:Thieves dressed as police entered a museum early

14、 Sunday and stole 11 paintings 2021/8/11 星期三12 You dream each night,even though you may not remember your dreams.While you dream your eyes move and your heart beats faster.Even your brain-wave pattern changes.Some scientists think that dreaming is important for the sake of health.They claim that wit

15、hout dream,people would go crazy.52021/8/11 星期三13Q:What does the passage mainly tells?A.HowpeoplestayhealthyB.HowsleepisnecessaryC.WhydreamsareimportantD.WhenpeopleremembertheirdreamsTopic Sentence:Some scientists think that dreaming is important for the sake of health 2021/8/11 星期三14Readingisthekey

16、toschoolsuccessand,likeanyskillittakespractice.Achildlearnstowalkbypracticinguntilhenolongerhastothinkabouthowtoputonefootinfrontoftheother.Agreatathletepracticesuntilhecanplayquickly,accurately(精确),withoutthinking.Tennisplayerscallthat“being”inthezone.”Educatorscallit“automaticity(自动).62021/8/11 星期

17、三15Q:The first paragraph tells us _.A.whatautomaticityisB.howaccuracyisacquired(获得)C.howachildlearnstowalkD.howanathleteistrained.Topic Sentence:Educators call it“automaticity2021/8/11 星期三16InAmericawehaveHalloween.InMexicotheyhaveTodosSantos,whichmeans“AllSaints”.This is the day in which people rem

18、emberfamilyandfriendswhohavedied.Theyvisitthecemeteryinsteadofgoingouttotrick-or-treat.But they do have pictures of skeletons andghostshangingaround.Theyalsohavemanycandyskullstoeat.72021/8/11 星期三17Q:What does the story mainly tells?A.WhatholidaysarelikeB.WhatHalloweenislikeinMexicoC.Whathappensduri

19、ngTodosSantosD.WhatwedoonHalloween2021/8/11 星期三18三、三、推理判断题：推理判断题：题干形式：(1)It can be inferred from the text that _.(2)From the text we know that _.(3)The story implies that _.(4)The paragraph following the passage will most probably be _.(5)The writers attitude towardis _.技巧技巧：找出作者所陈述的细节、事实以及能够表露作者思想倾

20、向和感情色彩的词语，进行符合逻辑的推理。注意注意：不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点解推断题最主要的方法是根据词义关系推断具体细节。解推断题最主要的方法是根据词义关系推断具体细节。2021/8/11 星期三19One day a man walked a pet shop and said to the shop assistant，“I need two small mice and about five dozen roaches（蟑螂）and two spiders（蜘蛛）.”“What do you need these things for?”the shop assistant was

21、 very surprised.“Well，”replied the man，“Im moving out of my apartment and the landlord insists that I should leave the house in exactly the same condition as I found it.”82021/8/11 星期三20Q：The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the apartment，it was _.A.verycleanB.justcleanedbythelandlor

22、dC.tidyandcomfortableD.dirtyandfullofinsects2021/8/11 星期三21Some people are never right.They never have good luck.They usually do the wrong thing and say the wrong thing.And even if what they say or do is OK，they as a rule say it or do it at the wrong time.So these people always have problems.They of

23、ten break dishes.They sometimes miss buses and airplanes.Mr Neff is different.He is always right.He is never wrong.He usually has good luck.He seldom has problems.He never breaks dishes.He never misses buses or airplanes.Even if he does miss them，it is always the fault of the buses or air planes.Mr

24、Neff knows almost everything.He doesnt ask questions；he answers questions.He never says，“I dont know.”92021/8/11 星期三22Q：Which of the following best describes the writers attitude（态度）（态度）towards Mr Neff?A.HefindsMr.NeffhardtounderstandB.HethinksMr.NeffwonderfulC.HefeelspityforMr.NeffD.HedoesnotlikeMr.Neff2021/8/11 星期三232021/8/11 星期三24