高考英语 it的精华用法课件 新人教.ppt

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1、2021/8/11星期三1Its 10:08Its lovely It weighs only 3 kilosIts a large sum of money2021/8/11星期三22.2.指时间指时间:It was nearly midnight when she came back.2.3.指环境指环境:It was very quiet in the caf.2.4.指距离：指距离：It is half an hours walk to the city centre.3.it的其他用法的其他用法3.1.表示谁在做某事的句子：表示谁在做某事的句子：Who is it?-Its me.H

2、er face lighted when she saw who it was.3.2.用来泛泛的指某件事：用来泛泛的指某件事：So you are going to be married this time？When is it？It doesnt matter./It is a shame,isnt it?2021/8/11星期三3it可用来指代前文提到的人可用来指代前文提到的人,物或事情物或事情,也可以用也可以用来指时间来指时间,金钱金钱,距离距离,天气等自然现象天气等自然现象基本用法基本用法:2021/8/11星期三4 _ was a sunny day.Peter decided t

3、o go for a walk to the park,though _ was two miles away._ was so comfortable to walk on the street.itItIt2021/8/11星期三5 Suddenly _began to rain.He found _ hard to walk there.Then he took a bus home.Unfortunately _ went wrong.When he got home,he was wet through.Thus _ was a day that he would never for

4、get.itititit2021/8/11星期三6Eg:It was a sunny day.Peter decided to go for a walk to the park,though it was two miles away.Summary 2 It can be used as impersonalpronouns to talk about time,date,distance or weather and so on.2021/8/11星期三71.S+think +it +necessary +(for sb.)to 2.do sth.Thechairmanthought_n

5、ecessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.(05全国)A.thatB.itC.thisD.himSentence patterns:B findpossiblefeelimportant /clause形式宾语形式宾语2021/8/11星期三8 2.S+V +it +ones duty +(for sb.)to do sth./clause 3.S +V+it +no good +doing sth.no use 形式宾语形式宾语I think it his duty to clean the blackboard.Sentence p

6、atterns:a rulean honour2021/8/11星期三9 find possible1.S+think +it +necessary +(for sb.)to do sth./clause feel important Sentence patterns:Sentence patterns:形式宾语形式宾语 a rule2.S+V +it +ones duty +(for sb.)to do sth./clause an honour 3.S +V+it +no good +doing sth.no use 2021/8/11星期三10Ilike_intheautumnwhen

7、theweatherisclearandbright.A.thisB.thatC.itD.one点拨点拨:这是这是it it作形式宾语的一种特殊用法作形式宾语的一种特殊用法.少数动词少数动词(如如like,like,love,enjoy,dislike,hate,appreciatelove,enjoy,dislike,hate,appreciate等等)或包含介词的或包含介词的动词短语动词短语(如如see to,depend onsee to,depend on等等)后接宾语从句后接宾语从句,必须先由必须先由it it担任形式宾语担任形式宾语,再接从句再接从句.1.Ilike(enjoy,h

8、ate)itwhen2.Iwouldappreciateitif3.seeto(dependon)itthatSentencepatterns:C形式宾语形式宾语2021/8/11星期三111.Itis necessary to be prepared for a job interview.Having the answers ready will be of great help.2.The Foreign Minister said,“It is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”3.It is known to e

9、verybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.形式主语形式主语高考真题高考真题2021/8/11星期三12 It is clear(obvious，true，possible，certain.)that.该句型中该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的引导的主语从句，常译为主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然，真的，肯定清楚（显然，真的，肯定）”是主语从句最常见的一种结构。是主语从句最常见的一种结构。It is very clear that hes round and tall l

10、ike a tree.=That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear.2021/8/11星期三134.It is important(necessary，strange，natural.)that.该句型和上一个同属一个句型；由于主句中的形容该句型和上一个同属一个句型；由于主句中的形容词不同，词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气后的从句中要用虚拟语气.It is important that we(should)learn English well.It is necessary that he(should)remember thes

11、e words.5.It is said(reported，learned.)that.It is said that he has come to Beijing.It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.2021/8/11星期三146.It is suggested(ordered/demanded/insisted/commanded.)that.该句型和上一个同属一个句型，主句中的过去分词该句型和上一个同属一个句型，主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，t

12、hat后的从句后的从句要用虚拟语气（要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），动词原形），should 可可以省；常译为以省；常译为“据建议；有命令）据建议；有命令）It is suggested that the meeting(should)be put off.It was ordered that we(should)arrive there in two hours.2021/8/11星期三157.It is a pity(a shame.)that.该句型中，该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should+动动词原形），词原形），should可省去表示

13、出乎意料，常译为竟可省去表示出乎意料，常译为竟然。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。然。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。It is a pity that such a thing(should)happen in your class.It is a pity that he is ill.他生病了，真遗憾！他生病了，真遗憾！8.It is time(about time，high time)that.该句型中该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是 常用过去时态表示虚拟常用过去时态表示虚拟 有时也用有时也用should+动词动词原形，原形，s

14、hould 不能省，常译为是（正是）的时不能省，常译为是（正是）的时侯侯 It is time that children should go to bed.=It is time that children went to bed.2021/8/11星期三169.It is the first(second.)time that sb has/have done sthIt was the first time that sb had done sthIt is the first time I have been here.=This is the first time I have be

15、en here.10.It is.since.。该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，又要和表该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，又要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题，主句中是时间示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题，主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时或完成时，作表语，其时态是现在时或完成时，since 引导的引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。It is(has been)5 years since his father died.2021/8/11星期三1711.

16、It is.when.。该句型中的该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句，引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的主句中的 it 指时间，表语由具体的时间充当，常指时间，表语由具体的时间充当，常译为当的时候，是译为当的时候，是 It was 5 oclock when he came here.12.It be.before.该句型主句中的该句型主句中的 it 指时间，指时间，主句中的时态常是将主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态主句中的表语多是来一般时或过去时两种时态主句中的表语多是long，not long，3 days，2 weeks 等表示时等表示时间段的词或短语，常译为间段的

17、词或短语，常译为“之后之后”。It was 3 days before he went to Beijing.It will be not long before he finishes his job.2021/8/11星期三1813.It happens(seems，appears)that.该句型中该句型中it是形式主语，是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，引导的是主语从句，主句中的主句中的happen，seem等词是不及物动词。等词是不及物动词。It happened(so happened)that he met his teacher in the street.碰巧碰巧.It

18、 seems that he will be back in a few days.看看来来 14.It takes sb.to do sth.It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.2021/8/11星期三1915.It is no good(use)doing sth.该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是可以是no good，(not any good)，no use，(not any use)。It is no good learning Eng

19、lish without speaking English.16.It doesnt matter whether(if).该句型中该句型中whether(if)引导的从句是真正主语，该引导的从句是真正主语，该句型常译为不论（是否）没关系。句型常译为不论（是否）没关系。It doesnt matter if they are old.2021/8/11星期三2017.It is kind(of sb.)to do sth.该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻

20、辑主语特征的形容词。须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。常见的有：常见的有：bad，brave，careless，clever，cruel，foolish，good（好心的）（好心的），honest，horrible，kind，lazy，modest，naughty，nice（有教养的），（有教养的），polite，rude，silly，stupid，wise，wrong（错误的）等。（错误的）等。这个句型可以改写为：这个句型可以改写为：sb.is kind to do sth.。It is kind of you to say so.=You are kind to say so.2021/8/

21、11星期三2118.It is necessary(for sb.)to do sth.该句型与上一个同属一个句型，如果不定式的逻该句型与上一个同属一个句型，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。的形容词。常见的形容词有：常见的形容词有：important，necessary，natural easy，safe，common，normal，hard，difficult，dangerous，unusual，rare，impossible，pl

22、easant等。等。=在在中中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写，的形容词作表语可以用从句改写，如：如：It is important for her to come to the party.=It is important that she(should)come to the party.2021/8/11星期三22 possibleIt is/was +adj.necessary+(for sb.)to do sth./clause important ones duty It+is/was+n.ones hope +clause/(for sb.)to do sth.an honour s

23、aidIt is/was p.p.known +that-clause believed 形式主语形式主语2021/8/11星期三23It is the ability to do the job_ matters not where you come from or what you are.A.one B.that C.what D.itIt is/was+被强调的部分被强调的部分+that/who+句子其他句子其他成分成分强调句型强调句型高考真题高考真题2021/8/11星期三24.it的重要句型的重要句型1.It is+被强调部分被强调部分+that.该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放

24、在前该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于面，其它部分置于that之后，被强调部分可以之后，被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语，强调的主语如果是主语，宾语，表语或状语，强调的主语如果是人，是人，that可以由可以由who换用。如果把这种句型换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子；这结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子；这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.

25、It was they that(who)cleaned the classroom yesterday.It was in the street that I met her father.2021/8/11星期三252.It is not until+被强调部分被强调部分+that.该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语直到才，可以说是译成汉语直到才，可以说是 not.until.的强调形式。的强调形式。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she

26、was a famous film star.=Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.=I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.2021/8/11星期三26 It was _ back home after the experiment.A.not until midnight did he go B.until midnight that he didn

27、t go C.not until midnight that he went D.until midnight when he didnt go In which play is _ your brother appears?A.that where B.this when C.it that D.it where It was in the lab _ was taken charge of by Professor Zhang _ they did the experiment.A.where;that B.which;where C.that;where D.which;that强调句型

28、强调句型被强调的部被强调的部分是分是not until引导的时间引导的时间 状语状语?It is thatI dont know in which play it is that2021/8/11星期三271.TheParkersboughtanewhousebut_willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.2.A.theyB.itC.oneD.which3.2.Wevebeenlookingathousesbuthaventfound_welikeyet.4.A.oneB.onesC.itD.them5.3.Immovingtothecountrysideb

29、ecausetheairthereismuchfresherthan_inthecity.6.A.onesB.oneC.thatD.those易误辨析易误辨析:it/one/thatBACthe house that the Parkers boughta housethe air2021/8/11星期三281.Itsyears_(since,before,after,that)Ipaintedthisbeautifulpicture.2.Itwillbeyears_(since,before,after,that)Ipaintthisbeautifulpicture.3.Itwasyears

30、_(since,before,after,that)Ipaintedthisbeautifulpicture.4.Itsforyears_(since,before,after,that)Ihavepaintedthisbeautifulpicture.易误辨析易误辨析:表示从表示从since since 从句谓语动作发生以后到现在所经过的一段时间，从句谓语动作发生以后到现在所经过的一段时间，译为译为“自从自从.以来已多久了以来已多久了”It is+时间段时间段+since(过去时过去时).表示从过去某一时间到表示从过去某一时间到beforebefore从句谓语动作发生所经过的一段时从句谓语动

31、作发生所经过的一段时间间,译为译为“多长时间后才多长时间后才/就做了就做了”It+was+时间段时间段+before(过去时过去时)表示从现在起到表示从现在起到beforebefore从句谓语动作发生所经过的一段时间从句谓语动作发生所经过的一段时间,译为译为“多长时间后才会多长时间后才会/就会做就会做”It+will be+时间段时间段+before(一般现在时一般现在时)_2021/8/11星期三29Translatethefollowing:1.过了很久他才回来.2.2.我们很久后才会见面的.3.3.我离开这所学校已经很久了.It was long before he came back.

32、It will be long before we meet again.It is long since I left this school.It is+时间段时间段+since(过去时过去时).It+will be+时间段时间段+before(一般现在时一般现在时)It+was+时间段时间段+before(过去时过去时)易误辨析易误辨析:2021/8/11星期三30在一些固定用法中考查在一些固定用法中考查常见的固定用法有常见的固定用法有:make it 成功，安排在或定在某时间成功，安排在或定在某时间forget it 别提了，忘了它吧别提了，忘了它吧Dont mention it 别提

33、了，表示不用谢别提了，表示不用谢It doesnt matter 没关系没关系It(That)depends 视情况而定视情况而定You guessed it 你猜着了你猜着了Its hard to say 很难说很难说 Its up to you to do sth.由你来决定做某事由你来决定做某事2021/8/11星期三31Do you want to live another 100 years or more?Some experts say that scientific advances will one day enable humans to last tens of year

34、s beyond what is now seen as the natural limit of the human life span There is a great push so that people can live from 120 to 180 years,”he said.“Some have suggested that there is no limit and that people could live to 200 or 300 or 500 years.”However,many scientists who specialize in ageing are d

35、oubtful about it.(04全国全国D)The underlined“it”refers to _ A.a great push B.the idea of living beyond the present life span C.the idea of living from 200 to 300 years D.the conservative estimateReading comprehensionReading comprehension2021/8/11星期三321.If I can help _,I dont like working late into the n

36、ight.A.so B.that C.it D.them2.As the busiest woman in Norton,she made _ her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town.A.this B.that C.one D.it3.Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.A.that B.it C.this D.you4._ is our belief that improvements in hea

37、lth care will lead to a stronger,more prosperous economy.A.As B.That C.This D.It2021/8/11星期三335.I just wonder _ that makes him so excited.A.why it does B.what he does C.what is it D.what it is6.Catherine bought a postcard of the place she was visiting,addressed _ to _ and then posted it at the nearb

38、y post office.A.it;her B.it;herself C.herself;her D.herself;herself7.Its already 10 oclock I wonder how it _ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.A.came over B.came out C.came about D.came up2021/8/11星期三34“It”试题解析试题解析1.The Parkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before t

39、hey can move in.A.they B.it C.one D.which 2021/8/11星期三35“It”试题解析试题解析2.Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder,but _ didnt help.A.he B.which C.she D.it2021/8/11星期三36“It”试题解析试题解析3.The weather turned out to be very good,_was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.it 2021/8/11

40、星期三374.Do you have enough glasses for each guest to have _?A.it B.them C.that D.one“It”试题解析试题解析 5.Why dont we take a little break?Didnt we just have _?A.it B.that C.one D.this 2021/8/11星期三38“It”试题解析试题解析6.-He was nearly drowned once.-When was _?-_ was in 1998 when he was in middle school.A.that;It B.

41、this;This C.this;It D.that;this 2021/8/11星期三397.It was not until 1920 _ regular radio broadcasts began.A.while B.which C.that D.since“It”试题解析试题解析C2021/8/11星期三408.Could it be in the restaurant in_ you had dinner with me yesterday_ you left behind your keys and wallet?A.that,which B.which,that C.where

42、,that D.that,where“It”试题解析试题解析B2021/8/11星期三41 It could be in the restaurant in_ you had dinner with me yesterday_ you left behind your keys and wallet.高考试题解析高考试题解析 the restaurant(in_ you had dinner with me yesterday)whichin the restaurantthat2021/8/11星期三42The Usage of“it”基本用法基本用法常见用法常见用法特殊用法特殊用法三个考点

43、三个考点三个句型三个句型三个句型三个句型三个替代词三个替代词三个三个it 后接时间段的句型后接时间段的句型易误辨析易误辨析强调句型强调句型形式主语形式主语形式宾语形式宾语Summary2021/8/11星期三431.(2005,全国全国)The doctor advised Vesa strongly that she should take a holiday,but _ didnt help.A.it B.she C.which D.he正确答案：正确答案：A。根据句意：医生的建议未起作用。根据句意：医生的建议未起作用。it代替整个句子。代替整个句子。2.(2004,全国全国)-Do yo

44、u like_here?-Oh,yes.The air,the weather,the way of life.Everything is nice.A.this B.these C.that D.It正确答案：正确答案：D。根据下文，提问者不能确定被问者喜欢什么，。根据下文，提问者不能确定被问者喜欢什么，it用用于不确定指代或模糊指代。于不确定指代或模糊指代。3.(2000,上海上海)Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see_.A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is 正确答案：正确答案：D。说

45、话时，不知道对方的性别。注意在宾语从句中。说话时，不知道对方的性别。注意在宾语从句中需用陈述语序。需用陈述语序。2021/8/11星期三444.(2007,全国全国)Have you heard the latest news?No,what _?A.is it B.is there C.are they D.are those 正确答案：正确答案：A。it指代上文提及的指代上文提及的latest news。5.(2006,全全国国)If I can help _,I dont like working late into the night.A.so B.that C.it D.them 正

46、正确确答答案案：C。help是是“阻阻止止、避避免免”的的意意思思，it指指代代下下文文的的事事情。情。6.(2002,北京北京)-He was nearly drowned once.-When was _?-_ was in 1998 when he was in Middle School.A.that,It B.this,This C.this,It D.that,This 正确答案：正确答案：A。it指时间。指时间。7.(2005，浙江，浙江)Weve been looking at the houses but havent found _ we like yet.A.one B.

47、ones C.it D.them 正确答案：正确答案：A。表示任意一幢房子。表示任意一幢房子。2021/8/11星期三458.（2005，江苏），江苏）Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than _ in the city.A.ones B.one C.that D.those 正确答案：正确答案：C。分析语境和逻辑关系可以知道：该空指代。分析语境和逻辑关系可以知道：该空指代the air，且有，且有in the city后置定语修饰。后置定语修饰。9.(2004,北北京京)The Foreig

48、n Minister said,“_ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.A、This is B、There is C、That is D、It is 正确答案：正确答案：D由句意易知：由句意易知：that从句是真正的主语从句是真正的主语;it为形式主语。为形式主语。10.(2005,上上海海)_in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.A.What is required B.Wha

49、t requires C.It is required D.It requires 正正 确确 答答 案案：C。it为为 形形 式式 主主 语语，在在 此此 结结 构构 中中 done为为required/suggested/demanded/recommended等等时时，从从句句必必须用须用should+动词原形，且动词原形，且should可以省略。可以省略。2021/8/11星期三4611.(2004,上上海海春春)It was foolish of him to _ his notes during that important test,and as a result,he got

50、punished.A.stick to B.refer to C.keep to D.point to 正正确确答答案案：B。短短语语辨辨析析题题，refer to有有“参参考考”的的意意思思，符符合合句句意。意。12.(2006,全全国国)It is no _ arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind.A.use B.help C.time D.way 分析：正确答案：分析：正确答案：A。为固定结构。为固定结构。13.(2007,天津天津)He didnt make _ clear when and where the m