高中英语 过去分词作定语课件.ppt

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1、GrammarPast Participle Used as Attribute and Predicative2021/8/11 星期三1Task oneLook at the following story and find the usage of past participle(“-ed”)2021/8/11 星期三2StoryA boy called Tom went to the cinema one night.It was a horror film,but he was interested in it.Sometimes he felt excited,sometimes

2、he felt frightened.After the film,the tired boy came back home.Once home,the exhausted boy2021/8/11 星期三3Key points“-ed”can be used as _ and be put before or after the noun that it modifies.eg.tired/exhausted/excited boy a boy called Tom“ed”can also be put after the link-verbs(be,feel,become,get,seem

3、)and used as _.eg.be interested in feel excited/frightenedattributepredicative2021/8/11 星期三4Task twoCan you find out the position of“ed”used as attribute from these examples?injured fingers 一个受伤的手指一个受伤的手指 a finger injured in the accidentspoken English 英语口语英语口语 a language spoken by many peoplewritten

4、 exercises 书面练习书面练习 a book written by Lu Xun2021/8/11 星期三5Key pointsSingle“-ed”word is usually used _ the noun it modifies.单个过去分词做定语常放在它所修饰的名单个过去分词做定语常放在它所修饰的名词之前。词之前。“-ed”phrase is usually used _the noun it modifies.过去分词短语作定语常放在它所修饰的名过去分词短语作定语常放在它所修饰的名词之后。词之后。afterbefore2021/8/11 星期三6Task three Ple

5、ase find more examples in the reading passage of each usage.2021/8/11 星期三7AttributeSo many thousands of terrified people died soon the affected person died.He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street that polluted water carried the virus.help ordinary people exposed to cholera.He found

6、 that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.2021/8/11 星期三8PredicativeBut he became inspired when he thought about help ordinary people exposed to cholera.He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.He was determined to find out why.

7、2021/8/11 星期三9过去分词作定语和表语总结2021/8/11 星期三10一、过去分词作定语1.1.单单个个的的过过去去分分词词作作定定语语时时一一般般兼兼有有被被动动和和完完成成 的的 意意 义义，常常 作作 前前 置置 定定 语语(preposed attribute)。eg.terrified people 受到惊吓的人们受到惊吓的人们 polluted water 被污染的水被污染的水 a closed door 关闭的门关闭的门注注意意：-ed作作前前置置定定语语时时，有有时时只只有有被被动动意意义。义。eg.spoken English 英语口语英语口语 written e

8、xercises 书面练习书面练习2021/8/11 星期三11一、过去分词作定语少少数数表表示示位位移移或或状状态态改改变变的的不不及及物物动动词词的的过过去去分分词词做做前前置置定定语语时时只只有有完完成成的的意意义义 fallen leaves 落叶落叶 the risen sun 升升起起来来的的太太阳阳 the developed countries 发达国家发达国家 a returned student 一一名名留留学学生生 a retired teacher 一一名名退退休休教师教师2021/8/11 星期三12一、过去分词作定语2.2.过去分词作后置定语，表示被动和完成意义过去

9、分词作后置定语，表示被动和完成意义。eg.The books written by Lu Xun are popular鲁迅写的书很受欢迎。鲁迅写的书很受欢迎。Well go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago 我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water.他发现它来自被脏水污染的河里。他发现它来自被脏水污染的河里。2021/8/11 星期三13一、过去分词作定语3.过去分词可作非限制性定语

10、，相当于过去分词可作非限制性定语，相当于省略式的定语从句。省略式的定语从句。e.g The books,(which were)written by Lu Xun,were very popular.The bridge,(which was)built in 1999,is very beautiful.2021/8/11 星期三14现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。现在分词表示进行，过去分词表示状态或完成。现在分词表示进行，过去分词表示状态或完成。boiling water 正在烧正在烧(煮沸煮沸)的水的水 boiled

11、water 已煮沸的水已煮沸的水 developing countries 发展中国家发展中国家 developed countries 发达国家发达国家 falling leaves 落叶落叶(正在进行正在进行)fallen leaves 落叶落叶(已经完成已经完成)2021/8/11 星期三15现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别The boy killing the dog is her brother.The boy killed by the man is her brother.2021/8/11 星期三16考题练练看1.The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C.,d

12、id not include women players until 1912.A.first played B.to be first played C.first playing D.to be first playing解析：解析：A first played in 776B.C.=which was first played in 776 B.C.现在分词作定语表示动作现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生正在发生，与修饰词是，与修饰词是主谓主谓关系关系。不定式作定语表示不定式作定语表示将要发生将要发生的动作。的动作。2021/8/11 星期三17考题练练看2.Most of the arti

13、sts _ to the party were from South Africa.A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited 解析：解析：A 考查过去分词作后置定语，考查过去分词作后置定语，与所修饰的名词之间是被动关系。与所修饰的名词之间是被动关系。2021/8/11 星期三18考题练练看3.Dont use words,expressions or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge.A.being known B.having been known C.to

14、 be known D.known解析：解析：D2021/8/11 星期三19考题练练看4.I dont know the girl _ in the snow storm.A.to catch B.caught C.catching D.to be catching 解析：解析：B 小女孩被困在暴风雪中，小女孩被困在暴风雪中，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。所以应用过去分词作后置定语。2021/8/11 星期三20二、过去分词作表语1.1.过去分词作表语，表示主语的过去分词作表语，表示主语的感受感受或所处的状态。或所处的状态。No wonder he was so excited.可以用作表语的

15、常见的过去分词有：可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有：delighted,disappointed,upset,astonished,excited,frightened,interested,puzzled,exhausted,satisfied,inspired,surprised,pleased2021/8/11 星期三21二、过去分词作表语2.许多动词的过去分词已经被许多动词的过去分词已经被当作形容词使用。如：当作形容词使用。如：broken,disappointed,excited,moved,puzzled,pleased,surprised,lost等。等。2021/8/11 星期三

16、22过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别-ed作表语主要表示动作的作表语主要表示动作的完成完成和和状态状态，相当于一个形容词；，相当于一个形容词；被动语态的过去分词被动语态的过去分词动词动词意味很意味很强强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟面常跟by短语。短语。The glass is broken.The glass was broken by Tom.2021/8/11 星期三23过去分词作表语与现在分词作表语的区别-ing表主动与进行，常用于表示事表主动与进行，常用于表示事物的性质，汉语常翻译为物的性质，汉语常翻译为“(某事某事/物物)使人使人,令人令人”；-ed 含

17、有被动的意思，经常用于说含有被动的意思，经常用于说明人的感觉，汉语常译为明人的感觉，汉语常译为“(某人某人)感到感到”。eg.What he said was encouraging.We were encouraged at what he said.2021/8/11 星期三24-ed作表语与-ing作表语的区别此类词常见的有：此类词常见的有：surprising,surprised;exciting,excited;interesting,interested;astonishing,astonished;encouraging,encouraged;disappointing,disa

18、ppointed;satisfying,satisfied;inspiring,inspired;pleasing,pleased;tiring,tired;boring,bored.2021/8/11 星期三25考题练练看1.Mr.Smith,_ of the _ speech,started to read a novel.A.tired;boring B.tiring;bored C.tired;bored D.tiring;boring 解析：解析：A。第一空应填。第一空应填tired，来源于系，来源于系表结构表结构be tired of；第二空表令人感到枯；第二空表令人感到枯燥的，应

19、填现在分词燥的，应填现在分词boring。2021/8/11 星期三26考题练练看2.Cleaning women in big cities usually get _by the hour.A.pay B.paying C.paid D.to pay 解析：解析：C 该题考查分词作表语的用法该题考查分词作表语的用法。“to pay sb by the hour”计时给某人报酬。计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：get burnt,get hurt,get wounded.2021/8/11 星期三27考题练练看3.As soon as he ent

20、ered the city,he _.A.was losing B.got losing C.grew lost D.got lost 解析：解析：D get lost 迷路了迷路了4.What surprised me most was that the leader of that country got _.A.kill B.killing C.killed D.to be killed 解析：解析：C 过去分词表被动过去分词表被动2021/8/11 星期三28考题练练看5.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ a

21、s the plane was making a landing.A.seat B.seating C.seated D.to be seating 解析：解析：C。remain seated 为为系表结构，不具有被动色彩。系表结构，不具有被动色彩。2021/8/11 星期三29考题练练看 6.-Im very _ with my own cooking.It looks nice and smells delicious.-Mm.It does have a _ smell.A.pleasant;pleased B.pleased;pleased C.pleasant;pleasant D.

22、pleased;pleasant 解析：解析：D。pleased，满意的；，满意的；pleasant，令人愉快的。，令人愉快的。2021/8/11 星期三30Task fourComplete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.Preposed AttributePostpositive Attribute1.terrified people1.people terrified of2.reserved seats2.3.polluted water3.4.a crowded room 4.5.a pleased winner5

23、.seats reserved for water polluted by a room crowded with a winner pleased with2021/8/11 星期三31Task four6.astonished children 7.a broken vase8.a closed door9.the tired audience10.a trapped animal2021/8/11 星期三32Task five Complete the sentences using the past participle given to you as the predicative.

24、1.He got _ about losing the money.2.The painter looked so _ after working for a whole day.tired blamed infected shocked excited disappointed blamedtired2021/8/11 星期三33Task five3.I was _ with he film I saw last night.I had expected it to be better.4.Everybody was _ to hear of the death of the famous

25、film star.5.Everybody is really _ about the new Olympic stadiums(奥运场馆奥运场馆).6.His wound became _ with a new virus.disappointedshockedexcidedinfected2021/8/11 星期三34用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物，变成所谓转移到修饰非人的事物，变成所谓的转移形容语。这种过去分词在形的转移形容语。这种过去分词在形式上直接修饰物，但它所修饰的事式上直接修饰物，但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关。物仍与人直接有关。Th

26、e general stared at him in startled admiration.将军以惊讶而赞赏的眼光注视着他。将军以惊讶而赞赏的眼光注视着他。2021/8/11 星期三35考题练练看1.There was an _ look on his face when the actress appeared.A.excited B.excite C.exciting D.excitement 解析：解析：A 激动的表情应为激动的表情应为excited look，2021/8/11 星期三36 一些短语中过去分词和现在分一些短语中过去分词和现在分词的使用是约定俗成的，应加词的使用是约定俗成的，应加以记忆以记忆,如：如：worried look(忧忧虑的表情虑的表情)，a puzzled girl(迷迷惑的女孩惑的女孩)，trembling voice/lips(颤抖的嗓音颤抖的嗓音/嘴唇嘴唇),shaking hands(颤抖的双手颤抖的双手),generally speaking(一般说来一般说来),judging from/by(根据根据判断判断)等等。等等。2021/8/11 星期三372021/8/11 星期三38