浙江省温州中学高考英语解题指导讲座.ppt

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1、高考英语解题指导高考英语解题指导2021/8/8 星期日1一、命题特点一、命题特点、纯语法题逐年减少，语境题逐年增加。纯语法题逐年减少，语境题逐年增加。、知识覆盖面广，题目设计灵活多样。、知识覆盖面广，题目设计灵活多样。、某些题目选用了往年高考阅读理解题中、某些题目选用了往年高考阅读理解题中的句子，某些出自词典。的句子，某些出自词典。2021/8/8 星期日2二、二、单项填空的解题指导单项填空的解题指导要想在短时间内完成要想在短时间内完成20道题且能得到较好的分数，道题且能得到较好的分数，应试者首先必须具备扎实的基础知识，然后掌握一应试者首先必须具备扎实的基础知识，然后掌握一定的解题技巧。倘若

2、这两点都能做到，就水到渠成定的解题技巧。倘若这两点都能做到，就水到渠成了了。2021/8/8 星期日3（一）补全法有时为了使语言生动、自然、简洁，经常采用省略形式。解题时要尽可能把省略部分补全，这有助于正确地确定答案。例、The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him _.()A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to 分析：to的后面省略了ride his bicycle A2021/8/8 星期日4(二）简化法二）简化法命题者有意地在一个句子中间插

3、入命题者有意地在一个句子中间插入一个从句、插入语或附加的次要信息，造成主谓隔一个从句、插入语或附加的次要信息，造成主谓隔离。解题时，如果将题干中的多余部分去掉，题干离。解题时，如果将题干中的多余部分去掉，题干就会变得很简单，答案就可以迅速找到就会变得很简单，答案就可以迅速找到。例 1、John plays football _,if not better than David.()A.as well B.as well as C.so well as D.so well分析:改题考查副词的同等比较,这一语法现象实际并不难,但题干中加入了省略形式的插入语(if not better than)后

4、,则加大了迷惑性.如果把插入语去掉,简化为John plays football _ David.此时答案就一目了然.B2021/8/8 星期日5例例2.E-mail,as well as telephones,_ an important part in daily communication.()A.is playing B.have played C.are playing D.play 分析分析:as well as telephones :as well as telephones 是附加信息是附加信息A例例 3.The person we spoken to _ no answer

5、 at first.()A.make B.making C.makes D.made 分析分析:we spoke to:we spoke to 是一个定语从句是一个定语从句,将其去掉后将其去掉后会发现这个句子少了一个谓语动词会发现这个句子少了一个谓语动词.D 2021/8/8 星期日6 例.Who do you think _ us a talk this afternoon?()A.to give B.gave C.will give D.giving 分析:do you think 是一个插入语C例.The days we looked forward to _at last.()A.co

6、mes B.to come C.came D.coming分析:本题很容易被误认为是一个介词to后面要接动名词。实际上 we looked forward to 是一个定语从句,介词to 已有其相应的宾语,是省略了的引导词，将从句去掉就可看出本题缺少一个谓语.C2021/8/8 星期日7(三).把握语境法 在一定的语境中进行语法知识和语言知识的考查,是近年高考英语试题中常见的题目,这就要求考生一定要以语境为切入点,认真思考,仔细分析,才能确定正确答案。例1-Are you coming to Jeffs party?()-Im not sure,I _ go to the concert in

7、stead.A.must B.would C.should D.might 分析：该题考查情态动词在语境中的的运用。如果脱离了具体的语境，四个选项都正确，但根据答语 Im not sure 可得出答案。D2021/8/8 星期日8例、Robert is said _ abroad,but I dont know what country he studied in.()A.to have studied B.to study C.to be studying D.to have been studying分析：根据studied 可确定过去Robert 在国外学习。A2021/8/8 星期日9

8、（四）找提示词法对于有些题来说，若找到关键的提示词（如but,and,otherwise 等）就会迎刃而解。例、They are all very tired,but _ of them would stop to take a rest.()A.any B.some C.none D.neither 分析：but 表示转折C2021/8/8 星期日10例_ it with me and Ill see what I can do.()A.What left B.Leaving C.If you leave D.Leave D2021/8/8 星期日11（五）转化法（还原法）五）转化法（还原法

9、）高考中一些单项选择题的测试点本来十分简单,但命题者有意把题干复杂化,将其改写成一个少见或陌生的结构。对于这类题,考生可以反其道而行之,把题干还原成自己熟悉的结构,题目就变得简单了。1.将倒装句改成陈述句.例1.Whom would you rather have _ with you?()A.to go B.go C.gone D.going 分析:本题测试的知识点是 have sb do sth 改写题干成陈述句,则应是 You would rather have whom _ with you.B 2021/8/8 星期日12 例2.Never _ time come back agai

10、n.()A.will lose B.will lost C.lost D.will to lose 分析:改写成陈述句后其结构为:Lost time will never come back again.B2.将陈述句改为倒装句。将陈述句改为倒装句。我们首次接触时是一个我们首次接触时是一个倒装句倒装句,而命题者恰恰有意地使用陈述句来命题而命题者恰恰有意地使用陈述句来命题,题题目便具有很大的迷惑性。目便具有很大的迷惑性。例1、We had_ left home than it began to rain.()A.no sooner B.hardly C.almost D.nearly分析分析:N

11、o sooner.than 是一个大家十分熟悉的句型是一个大家十分熟悉的句型改写句型改写句型:_ had we left home than it began to rain.A2021/8/8 星期日13例2.We had _ arrived at the train station when the train began to move.()A.no sooner B.hardly C.almost D.nearly hardly when ,no sooner than 一一 就就B.改被动句为主动句。例1、Time should be made good use _ our less

12、ons well.（）A.learning B.learned C.of to learn D.to learn改写句子改写句子：We should make good use of time _ our lessons well.C2021/8/8 星期日14例2、The little boy was caught _ in the shop.()A.to steal B.stealing C.steal D.stole分析：本题考查的知识点是分析：本题考查的知识点是 catch sb doing sth catch sb doing sthB2021/8/8 星期日15、改省略句为一个完整

13、的句子例例1、How long has this bookshop been in business?-_ 1982.()A.After B.In C.Since D.From分析：将答语部分改为一个完整的句子分析：将答语部分改为一个完整的句子 This bookshop has been in business _ 1982.什么词能同现在完成时态连用什么词能同现在完成时态连用 呢？呢？C2021/8/8 星期日16例2 What made her mother so angry?()-_ the exam.A.Because she didnt pass B.Her not passing

14、 B.C.She didnt pass D.Because her not passing分析：将答语部分补全应为：分析：将答语部分补全应为：_ the exam made her mother so angry.可以看出少了一个主语可以看出少了一个主语.B2021/8/8 星期日17（六）逆向思维法（六）逆向思维法逆向思维是一种创造性的思维，它冲破逆向思维是一种创造性的思维，它冲破了固有的了固有的“思维定势思维定势”，运用逆向思维，运用逆向思维，在目前灵活多变的高考试题中，可收到意在目前灵活多变的高考试题中，可收到意想不到的效果。想不到的效果。例：Information has been p

15、ut forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.while B.that C.when D.as（）（）Information 后常接同位语从句。检查空白后常接同位语从句。检查空白后的句子可以确定它是同位语从句，说明后的句子可以确定它是同位语从句，说明information 的内容。的内容。B2021/8/8 星期日18 have a tryhave a try 1.Was it in 1969 _ the American astronauts succeeded _ landing

16、 on the moon?2.A.when,on B.that,on C.when,in D.that,in3.2._ some of this juice-perhaps youll like it.4.A.Trying B.Try C.To try D.Have tried5.3.-Why do you want the book so much?-,sir.6.A.Studying B.Studied C.Studies D.To study 7.4.I find records are _ or better than an actual performance.8.A.as good

17、 as B.as good C.so well as D.good as DBDA2021/8/8 星期日195.Is this school_you visited last week?A.that B.to which C.the one D.where6.Was it during the Second World War _he died?A.that B.while C.in which D.then7.Who will you have _?A.To repair the machine B.repair the machineB.C.the machine repaired D.

18、repaired the machineC.8.It was only then_realize the importance of learning English.D.A.did he B.could he C.when we could D.that we didE.9.These stories were made _his own head.F.A.out of B.up of C.into D.up out ofG.10.He had made another discovery,_of importance to science.H.A.which I think it is B

19、.which I think isI.C.I think that is D.of which I think isCABDDB2021/8/8 星期日2011.The cave _very dark,he made some candles_light.A.was;give B.was;being givenC.being;to give D.being;give12.Which is _country,Canada or Australia?A.a large B.large C.a larger D.the larger13.In my opinion,it is the best us

20、e that could be _of the money.A.turned up B.turned out C.spent D.made14.-Waiter!-_ -I cant eat this.Its too salty.A.Yes,sir?B.What?C.All tight?D.Pardon?CDDA2021/8/8 星期日21Close TestMethods&Skills2021/8/8 星期日22 My sister and I grew up in a little village in England.Our father was a struggling _36_，but

21、 I always knew he was _37_.He never criticized us,but used _38_ to bring out our best.Hed say,“If you pour water on flowers,they flourish.If you dont give them water,they die.”36.A.biologist B.manager C.lawyer D.gardener37.A.strict B.honest C.special D.learned38.A.praise B.courage C.power D.warmth20

22、21/8/8 星期日23I _39_as a child I said something _40_ about somebody,and father said,“_41_ time you say something unpleasant about somebody else,its a reflection of you.”He explained that I looked for the best _42_ people,I would get the best _43_.39.A.think B.imagine C.remember D.guess40.A.unnecessary

23、 B.unkind C.unimportant D.unusual41.A.Another B.Some C.Any D.Other42.A.on B.in C.at D.about43.A.in case B.by turns C.by chance D.in return2021/8/8 星期日24In case:以防万一By turns:轮流，依次By chance:碰巧In return:作为.回报2021/8/8 星期日25From then on Ive always tried to _44_ the principle in my life and later in runni

24、ng my company 44.A.revise B.set C.review D.follow2021/8/8 星期日26Dads also always been very _45_.At 15,I started a magazine.It was _46_ a great deal of time,and the headmaster of my school gave me a _47_:stay in school or leave to work on my magazine.45.A.understanding B.experienced C.serious D.demand

25、ing46.A.taking up B.making up C.picking up D.keeping up47.A.suggestion B.decision C.notice D.choice2021/8/8 星期日27I decided to leave,and Dad tried to sway me from my decision,_48_ any good father would.When he realized I had made up my mind,he said,“Richard,when I was 23,my dad _49_ me to go into law

26、.And Ive _50_ regretted it.I wanted to be a biologist,_51_ I didnt purse my _52_.48.A.and B.as C.even if D.as if49.A.helped B.allowed C.persuaded D.suggested 50.A.always B.never C.seldom D.almost51.A.rather B.but C.for D.therefore52.A.promise B.task C.belief D.dream2021/8/8 星期日28You know what you wa

27、nt.Go fulfill it.”As _53_ turned out,my little publication went on to become Student,a nation _54_ for young people in the U.K.My wife and I have two children,and Id like to think we are bringing them up in the same way Dad _55_ me.53.A.this B.he C.it D.that54.A.newspaper B.magazine C.program D.proj

28、ect55.A.controlled D.comforted C.reminded D.raised2021/8/8 星期日29一一 完形填空考什么？完形填空考什么？一一,词法及词义辨析词法及词义辨析二，固定短语搭配二，固定短语搭配三，上下文逻辑关系三，上下文逻辑关系四，文化背景及生活常识四，文化背景及生活常识(46,47,48,49,52等）等）（44等）等）（36，37，40，43，45，47，54，55，等），等）2021/8/8 星期日30二二 当前完形填空的特点当前完形填空的特点突出语篇，强调应用，注重语境突出语篇，强调应用，注重语境辨析词意，以实词为主辨析词意，以实词为主题材多为记

29、叙文，叙议结合。第一题材多为记叙文，叙议结合。第一 句不设空句不设空2021/8/8 星期日31三，完型填空的能力目标要求牢固、扎实、熟练的英语语法知识和丰富的英语词汇知识。英语阅读理解能力，良好的阅读习惯，熟练的阅读技巧。分析认识文章结构，理解领会文章各部分、各层次之间逻辑关系的能力。逻辑思维能力。特别是总结概括、推理判断和分析归纳的能力。包括情景推理判断、常识推理判断、逆向推理判断及比较推理判断等。2021/8/8 星期日32扎实的英语词汇、短语、惯用法等英语固定搭配的知识。特别是英语词汇意义和用法的辨析能力。在阅读中捕捉记忆相关信息的能力。2021/8/8 星期日33四四 完形填空的解题

30、思路完形填空的解题思路总则：总则：在把握整体的基础上对在把握整体的基础上对 句子内部的情况进行分析句子内部的情况进行分析跳过空格，通读全文，跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意把握大意再读全文，反复检查再读全文，反复检查结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案瞻前顾后，先易后难，瞻前顾后，先易后难，个个击破个个击破2021/8/8 星期日341.看清上下文，找准定位词充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。例如：1)Some parts of the water are very shallow.But in some places

31、it is very.A.deep B.high C.cold D.dangerous根据转折连词but的提示，所填入的词应与shallow相反，因此答案为A。五：五：完形填空解题技巧完形填空解题技巧2021/8/8 星期日352)Mrs ONeill askedquestions and she didnt scold us either.A.no B.certain C.many D.moreand是一个并列连词；either为副词，用在否定句或否定词后加强语势，由此可以确定所填的词也应是一个否定意义的词，因此答案是A。2021/8/8 星期日362.寻求上下逻辑，从容确定关系It has

32、 been many years since I was last in London I still remember something that happened during that visit.A.and B.for C.but D.as根据句前的many years和句后的still remember答案应选表示转折的连词but.2021/8/8 星期日373.通顺逻辑，寻求搭配注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。例如：1)Heres a fellow who just walked into a bank

33、 and helped himselfso much money.A.for B.by C.to D.of表示“自取，随便拿”这个意义的短语是help oneself to故答案为C 2021/8/8 星期日382)And video cameras can be used topeoples actions at home.A.keep B.make C.record D.watch句中动作的发出者是video cameras因此答案是C，意思是“记录”。2021/8/8 星期日394.扎实基础，理清辨异Soon I heard alike that of a door burst in a

34、nd then a climb of feet.A.sound B.cry C.voice D.shout选项中的四个词都表示不同的声音，但B，C，D项的三个词都是指从嗓子里发出的声音，而sound则表示各种各样的声音。因此答案是A。2021/8/8 星期日405.了解生活常识，确定相关知识(Immediately)the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to thehospital.A.animal B.biggestC.plant D.nearest在这样的紧急情况下，人们的第一个反应是到最近的医院就医，因此答案为D。2021/8/8

35、星期日41要做好“完形填空”，必须紧紧抓住上下文语境，充分利用上下文语境所提供的线索。上下文语境包括选择项与所在句子中的语义联系，所在句与周围句群的关系，所在句在本段中所起的作用，所在句在整篇短文中所起的作用以及与文章主题思想的关系等。有些选项根据上下文就能比较容易地选出，而有些则必须根据整篇文章的大意才能做出正确判断。2021/8/8 星期日42信息常信息常识，上下呼，上下呼应，搭配遣，搭配遣词，逻辑贯通通文中无文中无闲句，句中无句，句中无闲字字 2021/8/8 星期日43 解题误区解题误区 做完形填空时，除了依据所学语言知识和解题技巧外，还应避免几个误区。1、单纯求快，忽略语篇理解，只看

36、局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构，试图用语言知识解决所有问题。很多考生一拿到完形填空题就急于选择答案，不认真分析通篇文章。表面上解题速度挺快，但是这种见树不见林的做法只会影响解题的质量的效率。2、时间安排不当，在几个选项上过分纠缠，追求完美，导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。正确的做法是由易到难，先做会2021/8/8 星期日44Proof Reading2021/8/8 星期日45年度年度时态时态语态语态名名词词连连词词冠冠词词形容形容词或词或副词副词代代词词非谓非谓语动语动词词介介词词20052005（浙）（浙）1 10 01 11 12 21 12 21 1200020002 20 00 0

37、0 02 22 21 12 2200120012 21 12 21 11 11 11 10 0200220021 12 21 11 11 11 11 11 1200320032 21 11 11 12 21 10 01 1200420041 11 10 01 11 12 22 21 1合合 计计9 95 55 55 59 98 87 76 6近近6 6年年NMETNMET短文改错测试内容短文改错测试内容2021/8/8 星期日46改错类型统计改错类型统计年度年度多词多词缺词缺词错词错词正确正确200520051 11 17 71 1200020002 21 16 61 1200120012 2

38、1 16 61 1200220022 21 16 61 1200320032 22 25 51 1200420042 21 16 61 1合计合计11117 736366 62021/8/8 星期日47QuestionsQuestionsWhich types of mistake appear in the proof reading?Can you tell me about that?2021/8/8 星期日48连冠介加形副，连冠介加形副，七个一致七个一致要记住要记住。Have you remembered it?2021/8/8 星期日49 *顺口溜顺口溜*句为单位进行改，连冠缺误搞明

39、白；句为单位进行改，连冠缺误搞明白；形副介词看搭配，七个一致要用对；形副介词看搭配，七个一致要用对；整体逻辑前后顾，时态非谓定记住。整体逻辑前后顾，时态非谓定记住。主谓一致主谓一致、名词的单复数一致名词的单复数一致、代词的指代一致、代词的指代一致 、时态语态一致、非谓动词与逻辑主语一致时态语态一致、非谓动词与逻辑主语一致虚拟语气句中前后一致、行文逻辑关系的一致虚拟语气句中前后一致、行文逻辑关系的一致2021/8/8 星期日50考考 查查 内内 容容二二.一致性问题：一致性问题：1）主谓一致）主谓一致 2）名词的单复数一致）名词的单复数一致 3）代词的指代一致）代词的指代一致 4）时态语态一致）

40、时态语态一致5）非谓动词与逻辑主语一致）非谓动词与逻辑主语一致6）虚拟语气句中前后一致）虚拟语气句中前后一致7）行文逻辑关系的一致）行文逻辑关系的一致一一.词的用法词的用法1）连词）连词 2）冠词）冠词 3）介词）介词 4）形容词和副词）形容词和副词 动动 词词2021/8/8 星期日511.Though it was cold,but he went out without a cap.1_2.You cant consider him a honest man.2_ 3.China Daily is also popular to students of English.3_4.The b

41、ad news made us feel sadly.4_5.I hate him as more as you do.5_词词 的用法的用法返回返回 an连词、冠词、介词、形容词、副连词、冠词、介词、形容词、副 词词butwithsadmuch连连冠冠介介形形副副每次考试常有每次考试常有 每次考试必有每次考试必有 2021/8/8 星期日521.Every means have been tried,but he still failed.1_2.I need some more informations.2_3.If he is you,he would go to Australia.3

42、_4.The police are doing his best to help the homeless.4_ 5.These books have returned to the library.5_6.So far,he made a living by picking up wastes.6_7.The young man dressing in blue is my brother.7_ 8.With a boy led the way,they started towards the village.8_一致的问题一致的问题返回返回dressedwerehas9.Her mothe

43、r asked,“When will you go home for dinner?Your father and I are waiting for you.”9_beencomeleading语态语态虚拟虚拟时态时态非谓非谓逻辑逻辑hasinformationtheir主谓主谓名词名词代词代词主谓、名词单复数、虚拟语气和逻辑一致常考主谓、名词单复数、虚拟语气和逻辑一致常考指代一致、时态语态一致和非谓语的一致必考指代一致、时态语态一致和非谓语的一致必考2021/8/8 星期日53巩固练习巩固练习Today I visited the Smiths-my first time visit 1_

44、to American family.They live in a small 2_town.It was very kind for them to meet me 3_at the railway station and drove me to their home.4_The Smiths did his best to make me feel 5_at home.They offered me coffee and other 6_drinks.We have a good time talking and laughing 7_together.They were eagerly

45、to know everything 8_about China but asked me lots of questions.In fact,9_they are planning to come to China next year.10_返回返回timeanofdrivetheirhadeagerand go名名冠冠介介非谓非谓 代代时态时态 形副形副连连 逻辑逻辑Dear Mother,2021/8/8 星期日54GroupworkPlease make up a proof reading passage of your own according to the way you ha

46、ve learned.There must be one missing(缺词缺词），one or two unwanted(多余多余),five or six false(错词错词)at least and a right one.2021/8/8 星期日55句为单位进行改，连冠缺误搞明白；句为单位进行改，连冠缺误搞明白；形副介词看搭配，七个一致要用对；形副介词看搭配，七个一致要用对；整体逻辑前后顾，时态非谓定记住。整体逻辑前后顾，时态非谓定记住。主谓一致主谓一致、名词的单复数一致名词的单复数一致、代词的指代一致、代词的指代一致 、时态语态一致、非谓动词与逻辑主语一致时态语态一致、非谓动词与

47、逻辑主语一致虚拟语气句中前后一致、行文逻辑关系的一致虚拟语气句中前后一致、行文逻辑关系的一致2021/8/8 星期日562005(浙江）浙江）At first I was not quite willing to sit down andwatched the 90-minute football match.Usually I just 1_checked the results because I thought that was dull 2_to watch a game in which players kicked a ball each 3_other.Therefore,my

48、father loves football.During the 4_World Cup in 2002,my dad stays up late just to watch 5_his favorite sport.Seeing his strong interest in this 6_game of 22 men run after a ball,I decided to sit down 7_ to watch the game.I found the game excited,and my 8_dad explained for the rules.We shared our joy

49、.Football 9_is not too badly as long as I watch it with my dad!10_watchittoHoweverstayedrunningexcitingforbad返回返回2021/8/8 星期日571997Dear Bob,Hello.I learn about you from my English teacher,86._ Miss Fang.Id like to your penfriend,and get to 87._know more about your country.First,let me tell you somet

50、hing more about myself 88._ My name is Li Hua.I live in Beijing,where is the 89._capital of China.I go to Hongqi Middle School.90._We study quite a few subject,such as maths,Chinese 91._English and physics.I use to play ping-pong a lot 92._in my spare time,but now I am interesting in football.93._ D