湖南省安仁县高中英语 Unit 2 Growing Pains定语从句（3）课件 牛津译林必修1.ppt

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1、定语从句(III)2021/8/8星期日1定语从句定语从句2021/8/8星期日2在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，它的作用相当于一个形容词。它的作用相当于一个形容词。定语从句通常位于它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种定语从句通常位于它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词为关系名词或代词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词为关系代词或关系副词。代词或关系副词。关系代词在定语从句中可作主语、宾语和定语；关系关系代词在定语从句中可作主语、宾语和定语；关系副词在定语从句中只作状语。副词在定语从句中只作状语。2021/8/

2、8星期日31、先先行行词词 注注意意被被定定语语从从句句所所修修饰饰的的先先行行词词的的特特点点，即即是是人人还还是是物物，以以及及将将要要在在定定语语从从句句中中所充当的成分。所充当的成分。如：如：Thestudentwhoansweredthequestionwasmyfriend.(先行词是先行词是student在定语从句中充当主语在定语从句中充当主语)Thegirlyoumetjustnowismysister.(先行词是先行词是girl在在定语从句中作宾语定语从句中作宾语)2021/8/8星期日42.关系代词、关系副词关系代词、关系副词引导定语从句的关系代词、关系副词引导定语从句的关

3、系代词、关系副词,代替先行词在定语从代替先行词在定语从句中充当成分。句中充当成分。在定语从句中能作主语的关系代词有在定语从句中能作主语的关系代词有who,that,which其中其中who用于指人，用于指人，which用于指物，用于指物，that既可指人也可指物。既可指人也可指物。如如:Anarchitectisapersonwho/thatdesignhousesandbuildings.Thesupermarketwhich/thatwasopenedlastweekisaverymodernone.2021/8/8星期日5在定语从句中能作宾语的关系代词有在定语从句中能作宾语的关系代词有w

4、ho,whom,which,that其中其中who,whom用于指人用于指人which用于指物用于指物that既可指人也可指物。既可指人也可指物。如如:Thesuitwhich/thatthetailormadeformedoesntfitme.Themanwhom/thatIbeatinthetennisgamewasmyfather.2021/8/8星期日6n在定语从句中能作定语的关系代词有在定语从句中能作定语的关系代词有whose或或the+名词名词+of+which如如:Helivesintheroomwhosedoorisgreen.=Helivesintheroomthedooro

5、fwhichisgreen.Thegirlwhosefatherisateacherstudiesverywell.=Thegirlthefatherofwhomisateacherstudiesverywell.2021/8/8星期日7在在定定语语从从句句中中作作方方式式状状语语的的关关系系 副副 词词 常常 被被 省省 略略 如如:Thisistheway(how)heworkedouttheproblem.2021/8/8星期日8n介介词词如如果果在在定定语语从从句句的的句句首首时时,作作宾宾语语的的关关系系代代词词只只能能用用whom,which且不可省略且不可省略如如:Themanw

6、ithwhomyoushookhandsjustnowistheheadofourdepartment.=Themanwhomyoushookhandswithjustnowistheheadofourdepartment.ThisisthebooktowhichIreferredinmytalk.=Thisisthebook(which)Ireferredtoinmytalk.2021/8/8星期日9n非限制性定语从句和先行词关系不非限制性定语从句和先行词关系不紧密用逗号和主句分开紧密用逗号和主句分开,另译作一句另译作一句,作为作为一种补充说明即使去掉从句，主句的意一种补充说明即使去掉从句，

7、主句的意思仍然清楚而限制性定语从句和先行词思仍然清楚而限制性定语从句和先行词关系紧密从句不能去掉关系紧密从句不能去掉,如果去掉意思就如果去掉意思就不清楚且主句和从句之间无逗号一般译不清楚且主句和从句之间无逗号一般译在先行词前面。在先行词前面。2021/8/8星期日10n除除that不可以引导非限制性定语从句外其不可以引导非限制性定语从句外其他关系代词和关系副词均可引导非限制性定语他关系代词和关系副词均可引导非限制性定语从句。从句。Allthebooks，whichhavepictureshavebeensenttothem.Hehasabrotherwhoisadoctor.他有一个当医生的他

8、有一个当医生的兄弟。（也许不止一个兄弟）兄弟。（也许不止一个兄弟）Hehasabrother,whoisadoctor.他有个兄弟，他是他有个兄弟，他是一个医生。一个医生。2021/8/8星期日11nwhich在在所所引引导导的的非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句，有有时时可可以以修修饰饰整整个个主主句句即即代代替替主主句句的的意意义义。Theexaminationhasbeenputoff，whichiswhatwewant.考试被推迟了，这正是我们希望的。考试被推迟了，这正是我们希望的。Marywaslateagain,whichmadeherteacherangry.玛玛 丽丽 又又 迟迟

9、 到到 了了，这这 使使 她她 的的 老老 师师 非非 常常 生生 气气。2021/8/8星期日12n只用只用which不用不用that的情况：的情况：（1）引导非限制性定语从句时）引导非限制性定语从句时Bambooishollow，whichmakesitverylight（2）当关系代词前有介词时）当关系代词前有介词时Theroominwhichmyfamilyliveusedtobeagarage（3）当先行词本身为）当先行词本身为that时时 ：Thatwhichyoutoldhimaboutiswhatwewanttoknow你告诉他的正是你告诉他的正是我们想知道的我们想知道的202

10、1/8/8星期日13n只用只用that不用不用which的情况：的情况：（1）先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时）先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时如如:ThefirstplacethatwevisitedwastheGreatWall.Thisisthebestfilmthathaseverbeenmade.（2）先行词前有）先行词前有only,few,little,right,any,all,one等修饰时等修饰时 Theonlyfurniture(that)hehadintheroomwasachairandasmalldesk.Thereislittletimethatwecanuse

11、.(3)先行词是不定代词先行词是不定代词some,all,anything,little,much,something,everything,nothing,none等时等时Thatisall(that)Iwanttosay.Isthereanything(that)Icandoforyou?2021/8/8星期日14(4)先行词为人和物的名词词组先行词为人和物的名词词组Theytalkedaboutpersonsandthingsthattheyrememberedintheschool.(5)主句前主句前who,whom有时有时Whoisthemanthatisreadingthenews

12、paperoverthere?(6)在在therebe或或therelive结构中先行词指物结构中先行词指物ThereisabookonthedeskthatIamveryinterestedin.2021/8/8星期日15(7)先行词指物在主句中作表语先行词指物在主句中作表语Is this the book that you borrowed in thelibrary?(8)在在 way(指指方方法法)后后面面常常用用that代代替替how或或 inwhich结构结构Thatwastheway(that)hedidit.(9)time(表表示示次次数数)前前有有序序数数词词修修饰饰That

13、wasthelasttimethatImether.2021/8/8星期日16.(10)习惯用法中习惯用法中that可以用作关系副词代替可以用作关系副词代替(in,on,for)which及及 whenwhere,why,而且而且that可可省略省略Thewaythat(inwhich)youlookatproblemiswrong.Ineverforgettheday(when,that,onwhich)Iwenttoschool20yearsago.Doyouknowanywhere(that,where)Icangetadrink?Idliketoknowthereason(that,w

14、hy,forwhich)youwontcome.2021/8/8星期日17(11)当先行词前有当先行词前有thesame修饰时或当先修饰时或当先行词和关系代词指同一人或物时行词和关系代词指同一人或物时Thisisthesamemanthat/whoItoldyouabout.ThisisthebookthatIboughtyesterday.2021/8/8星期日18只用只用who的情况。的情况。(1)先行词为先行词为those指人指人 Thosewhowanttogothereraiseyourhands.(2)therebe(live)结构中先行词指人结构中先行词指人Thereisayou

15、ngmanoutsidewhoasksforyou.Therelivedakingwhowaskindtohispeople.(3)先行词为指人的不定代词先行词为指人的不定代词one,anyone,noone,all,nobody,anybody,none等等Anyonewhobrokethewindowwouldbepunished.Weshouldlearnfromtheonewhobenefitsus.2021/8/8星期日19n选用关系副词不能光看先行词是否选用关系副词不能光看先行词是否是表示时间，地点和原因的名词，而必是表示时间，地点和原因的名词，而必须分析从句谓语动词与先行词之间的

16、逻须分析从句谓语动词与先行词之间的逻辑关系。如果关系词在从句中作主语或辑关系。如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语则他仍须用关系代词宾语则他仍须用关系代词which或或that2021/8/8星期日20如：如：Wewillneverforgettheday,whichwespenttogether.Iliketotakemyvacationinthemountain,whichisquietandbeautiful.Thatisthereason,whichhegaveusforhisaction.2021/8/8星期日21nas引导限制性定语从句时引导限制性定语从句时,先行词常先行词常用用such

17、和和same修饰修饰,as在从句中不省略如在从句中不省略如:Heusedsuchexpressionsashecouldfindnthetests.Theystayedforthenightinthesameroomastheyhadoncerented.2021/8/8星期日22As引引导导非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句时时,as代代表表整整个个主主句句的的意义意义,定语从句在主句中的位置比较灵活。定语从句在主句中的位置比较灵活。如：如：Heisateacher，asisclearfromhismanner.Taiwan,asisknowntoeveryone,isapartofChina

18、.2021/8/8星期日23n定语从句修饰定语从句修饰of前面的词还是前面的词还是of后面的词后面的词,要看要看of前面的词是否有定冠词修饰。前面的词是否有定冠词修饰。如如:Tomisoneoftheboyswhowerelatethismorning.(汤姆是所有早上迟到的男孩中的一员汤姆是所有早上迟到的男孩中的一员)Tomistheonlyoneoftheboyswhowaslatethismorning.(汤姆是所有男孩中早上迟到的唯一汤姆是所有男孩中早上迟到的唯一个个)2021/8/8星期日24Exercises:1.There are 102 elements(化化学学元元素素)fo

19、und innature,_aremetals2.The house _roof was damaged has nowbeenrepaired.3.IhaveneverbeentoRomebutthatsthecityIdmostliketovisit.4.Thereason_Ihavenotdonemyhomeworkistherearetoomanydifficultpoints.5.“Gonearethedays_Iwasyoung,”theseventy-year-oldmansaid.6.Thisistheplace_helivedinhischildhood.2021/8/8星期

20、日257.Thepen_hewritesidHero60.8.Mrs.LeewillmoveintohernewhousenextMonday,_itwillbecompletelyfurnished.9.Thisistheverybus_wellgotothetheater.10.Thebestplay_ShakespearewroteisprobablyKingLear,butsomepeopledontthinkso.11.Heistheonlyoneoftheteachers_Spanishinourschool.12.KingHenryreceivedaletterfromMr.Li

21、rpa;_announced(宣布宣布)_hehadfinallysolvedthesecretoflight.2021/8/8星期日2613.Iboutanewbook,_isverybeautiful.14.Ihaveabook,_veryinteresting.15.Onlyatwenty-minutewalkfromhisvillageisalittlevalleysetamonghehills,_isoneofthequietestplacesintheworld.16.Those_arewillingtoattendtheparty,signhere.17.Therearemany

22、places_wecanvisitinChina.18.Hewaslookingpleasantlyatthechildrenandparcels_filledhisbus.19.Whicharethebooks_youboughtforme?2021/8/8星期日2720.Thevillageisnolongertheone_was5yearsago.21.Whoisthatgirl_isstandingbythewindow?22.DoyouknowMr.Smith_storyisverymoving?23.Thereisaroom,_windowfacestheriver.24.Ther

23、eisaroom,thewindow_facestheriver.25.Suchbooks_youboughtareuseful.26.Theschoolisjustthesame_itwas10yearsago.2021/8/8星期日2827.Iwanttousethesametool_youusedjustnow.28.Hedidntpasstheexam,_wehadexpected.29.Thereislotsofairinloosesnow,_cankeepthecoldout.30._isknown,theearthisround,notflat.31.Idontlikethewa

24、y_hetalks.32.ThisisthefirsttimeIhavegivenyoualessoninFrench.2021/8/8星期日2933.Itisthemuseum_wevisitedlastyear.34.Weexpressedtothemourwish_thesameastheirs.35.Heistheonlyoneofthestudents_hasgotverygoodmarksinthematch.36.Heisoneofthestudents_havegotgoodmarksinthematch.37.Isthistheplace_wevisitedlastyear?

25、38.Isthisplace_wevisitedlastyear?2021/8/8星期日3039.Hestoodatthewindow;_hecouldseewhatwashappening.40._Isknowntoeverybody,thenoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.41.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown_hegrewupasachild.42.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,_Ithinkisofgreatimportancet

26、oscience.43.IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30p.m.,_manypeoplehavegonehome.2021/8/8星期日3144.Shehasboughtthesamesortofwashingmachine_youhave.45.Thereisnothingintheworld_canfrightenher.46.Hepaidtheboy10dollarsforwashing10windows,mostof_hadntbeencleanedforatleastayear.47.Alicereceivedaninvita

27、tionfromherboss,_cameasasurprise.48.Shelikestousewords_iscleartohim.49.Ishallneverforgetthosedays_Ilivesinthecountrywiththefarmers_hasagreateffectinmylife.2021/8/8星期日3250.Mr.Smithisoneoftheforeignexpertswho_workinginourcity.51._,Computerarewidelyused.52.Hehastwosons,-_haveturnedengineers.53.Whenpeop

28、letalkaboutthecitiesofBritain,thefirst_comestomymindisLondon.54.Hisheadsoonappearedoutofawindow,_hecouldseeanelephantinthedistance.2021/8/8星期日3355.Wehadatiringmeeting_Ikepttalkingasleep.56Takecareoftheboyandthedog-_arecrossingtheroad.57.Howlovelythebabyis_issleepinginitsmothersarms.58.HearrivesinWas

29、hingtonin1946,_sometimelater,hebecomeawriter.59.Byusingbothearsonecantellthedirection_asoundcomes.60.OnthebusIsawastudent_Ithoughtwasmybrother.61.Hetoldus_hehaddone.2021/8/8星期日3462.Shespentthewholeeveningtalkingaboutthethingsandpersons_noneofushaveheardof.63.Hemakesgooduseofthetime_hecanspare.64.The

30、factory_hismotherworksisintheeastofthecity.2021/8/8星期日352021/8/8星期日369、静夜四无邻，荒居旧业贫。2022/11/272022/11/27Sunday,November27,202210、雨中黄叶树，灯下白头人。2022/11/272022/11/272022/11/2711/27/20223:26:52PM11、以我独沈久，愧君相见频。2022/11/272022/11/272022/11/27Nov-2227-Nov-2212、故人江海别，几度隔山川。2022/11/272022/11/272022/11/27Sunday

31、,November27,202213、乍见翻疑梦，相悲各问年。2022/11/272022/11/272022/11/272022/11/2711/27/202214、他乡生白发，旧国见青山。27十一月20222022/11/272022/11/272022/11/2715、比不了得就不比，得不到的就不要。十一月222022/11/272022/11/272022/11/2711/27/202216、行动出成果，工作出财富。2022/11/272022/11/2727November202217、做前，能够环视四周；做时，你只能或者最好沿着以脚为起点的射线向前。2022/11/272022/1

32、1/272022/11/272022/11/279、没有失败，只有暂时停止成功！。2022/11/272022/11/27Sunday,November27,202210、很多事情努力了未必有结果，但是不努力却什么改变也没有。2022/11/272022/11/272022/11/2711/27/20223:26:52PM11、成功就是日复一日那一点点小小努力的积累。2022/11/272022/11/272022/11/27Nov-2227-Nov-2212、世间成事，不求其绝对圆满，留一份不足，可得无限完美。2022/11/272022/11/272022/11/27Sunday,Nove

33、mber27,202213、不知香积寺，数里入云峰。2022/11/272022/11/272022/11/272022/11/2711/27/202214、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。27十一月20222022/11/272022/11/272022/11/2715、楚塞三湘接，荆门九派通。十一月222022/11/272022/11/272022/11/2711/27/202216、少年十五二十时，步行夺得胡马骑。2022/11/272022/11/2727November202217、空山新雨后，天气晚来秋。2022/11/272022/11/272022/11/27

34、2022/11/279、杨柳散和风，青山澹吾虑。2022/11/272022/11/27Sunday,November27,202210、阅读一切好书如同和过去最杰出的人谈话。2022/11/272022/11/272022/11/2711/27/20223:26:52PM11、越是没有本领的就越加自命不凡。2022/11/272022/11/272022/11/27Nov-2227-Nov-2212、越是无能的人，越喜欢挑剔别人的错儿。2022/11/272022/11/272022/11/27Sunday,November27,202213、知人者智，自知者明。胜人者有力，自胜者强。202

35、2/11/272022/11/272022/11/272022/11/2711/27/202214、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。27十一月20222022/11/272022/11/272022/11/2715、最具挑战性的挑战莫过于提升自我。十一月222022/11/272022/11/272022/11/2711/27/202216、业余生活要有意义，不要越轨。2022/11/272022/11/2727November202217、一个人即使已登上顶峰，也仍要自强不息。2022/11/272022/11/272022/11/272022/11/27MOMODA POWERPOINTLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipiscing elit.Fusce id urna blandit,eleifend nulla ac,fringilla purus.Nulla iaculis tempor felis ut cursus.感感 谢谢 您您 的的 下下 载载 观观 看看专家告诉2021/8/8星期日37