高考英语一轮复习 Unit 4课件 新人教必修3.ppt

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1、Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of the stars 必修 32021/8/11 星期三1考点要求考点要求2021/8/11 星期三2.写出下列必考单词1.大气层n._2.乘，增加v._3人造卫星n._4.不同，不像prep._5.气候n._6.地心引力；重力n._7.理论n._8.碰撞，坠落v._9.宇宙飞船n._10.拉力，拖，牵引力n.v._atmospheremultiplysatelliteunlikeclimategravitytheorycrashspaceshippull2021/8/11 星期三311.基本的，基础的adj._12.链子，锁链n.

2、_13.天文学n._14.原子n._fundamentalchainastronomyatom 2021/8/11 星期三4.写出下列单词的变化形式1.系统(n.)_；系统的(adj.)_2.球体，地球(n.)_；全球性的(adj.)_3.猛烈的(adj.)_；暴力(n.)_；猛烈地(adv.)_4.生存(v.)_；生存(n.)_5.物理学家(n.)_；物理(n.)_；身体的(adj.)_physicalsystemsystematicglobeglobalviolentviolenceviolentlyexistexistencephysicistphysics2021/8/11 星期三56

3、.生物学(n.)_；生物学家(n.)_7.宗教（n.）_；宗教的（adj.）_8.原子（n.）_；原子的（adj.）_biologybiologistreligionreligiousatomatomic2021/8/11 星期三6活学活用用所给单词的适当形式填空。1.The treatment they gave him did him more_ than good，though the doctor insisted it was _.(harm)2.Air _everywhere and its _ makes it possible for us to live on.(exist)

4、3.He is very _.For example，the lifting device he made is a _ of ropes and pulleys.(system)4.A _tour means traveling all around the _.(globe)2021/8/11 星期三75.The use of _against the attackers led to more _ clashes.(violently)6.She was a _woman who wouldn，t hurt an ant.(gently)答案：1.harm；harmless 2.exis

5、ts；existence3.systematic，system 4.global；globe5.violence；violent 6.gentle2021/8/11 星期三8.翻译下列必背短语1.及时，终于 _2.下蛋 _3.高兴,振奋 _4.产生，分娩 _5.轮到某人 _6.爆发 _7.阻止 _8.既然 _9.以为起点 _10.四面八方 _in timelay eggscheer upgive birth toin one，s turnbreak outprevent.fromnow thatbegin within all direction2021/8/11 星期三911.冷却 _12.

6、掌握的技巧/诀窍 _13.在表面 _14.密切注视，当心 _cool downget the hang ofon one，s/the surface watch out2021/8/11 星期三10活学活用根据括号中的解释，用适当的短语完成句子。1.We got to Washington _(sufficiently early so as not to be late)for the cherry blossoms.2.He _(filled with gladness，hope)at the thought of seeing his girl friend again.3.When y

7、ou _ this new machine，it will help you a lot.(know the skill of)4._!(be on one，s guard;keep looking out for possible trouble)There，s a car coming!5.SARS _ in 2002 and quite a few people died of it.(happen suddenly)2021/8/11 星期三116.Marx，s ideas _(produce young)communism.7.Your prompt action _(stop or

8、 hinder sb./sth.)a serious accident.答案：1.in time2.cheered up3.get the hang of4.Watch out5.broke out6.gave birth to7.prevente2021/8/11 星期三12multiply exist prevent puzzle block crash cheer float exhaust watch.单元重点动词活学活用用上述动词的适当形式填空。1._very fast，rabbits soon became the largest family of all the animals

9、 in this woods.2._ at the _ result，he stood there，not knowing what to do.2021/8/11 星期三133.There is no need _ yourself clearing upwe，ll do it ourselves.4.Does life _ on other planets?5.Many roads _after today，s heavy snow，so you，d better not go out.6.It was reported that a plane _ soon after it took

10、off，causing 10 deaths.答案：1.Multiplying 2.Puzzled；puzzling3.to exhaust 4.exist 5.are blocked 6.crashed2021/8/11 星期三14.重点句型1.It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life.(P26)水会对于生命的发展起关键作用，这一点在当时并不明显。It is/was obvious that.“很明显”剖析：It is adj.that.在本句中，it 是

11、形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语。it做形式主语时，后面的真正主语可以由不定式，动名词或从句充当。如：It is easier to break down friendship than to build up friendship.破坏友谊比建立友谊要容易。It was amazing that the child could speak English so well.那个孩子的英语说得如此好真是令人惊异。2021/8/11 星期三15活学活用模仿造句。(1)很明显，我们在这里是非常受欢迎的。_ that we are very welcome here.(2)你现在不方便见我的经

12、理。_(3)对着洒了的牛奶哭泣是没有用的。_ 答案：（1）It is obvious（2）It，s not convenient for you to see my manager now.（3）It，s no use crying over spilt milk.2021/8/11 星期三162This made it possible for life to begin to develop.（P26）这就使得生命开始进化成为可能。it作形式宾语的句型是：主语动词it形容词/名词不定式/从句或动名词。活学活用模仿造句。（1）这使我难以控制自己。This made _ to control

13、myself.（2）他认为去前线是他的责任。_(3)我们规定，课内外都讲英语。_ 2021/8/11 星期三17答案：（1）it hard（2）He considered it his duty to go to the front.（3）We made it a rule to speak English in and out of class.2021/8/11 星期三18.语篇领悟根据课文How Life began on the Earth完成下列短文 At the very beginning，the earth was just a cloud of (1)(energy)dust

14、.Then the dust combined (2)a ball moving around the sun.After that，it exploded loudly with fire and rock，(3)(produce)water vapour，carbon dioxide and other gases，(4)in the end made the earth，s atmosphere.Then the earth (5)down，and water，one of the earth，s special (6)，appeared and stayed on the earth，

15、which made (7)possible for life to begin (8)(develop).Some small plants (9)(grow)in the water appeared on the earth，s surface，(10)(follow)by land2021/8/11 星期三19animals,(11)insects，amphibians，reptiles and the (12)important animals called dinosaurs until finally dinosaurs disappeared (13)of a sudden a

16、nd some small clever animals with hands and feet appeared and spread all (14)the earth and in place of dinosaurs they became (15)most important animals on the planetthat is，human beings.答案：1.energetic 2.into 3.producing4.which5.cooled 6.qualities7.it 8.to develop9.growing 10.followed 11.including/li

17、ke12.most13.all 14.over15.the 2021/8/11 星期三20.考点活用用本单元所学词组、句型翻译下列短文 火星上有生命吗？不知道。我们能登陆火星吗？这完全取决于科学技术的发展。人类对火星有了一些了解：火星上没有氧气，火星上中午的温度可能在50度左右,而晚上则在零下100度左右了。这样我们就不能在那里生活。既然火星与地球完全不同，如果我们计划有朝一日去火星的话，我们就要带上氧气，食品，衣服和住的地方（shelter）。但可以肯定，人类迟早会登陆火星的。_2021/8/11 星期三21答案：Is there life on Mars？We don，t know.Can

18、 we land on Mars？It all depends on the development of science and technology.Man has known a little about Mars.There is almost no oxygen on Mars.It might be about 50 degrees above zero at noon and 100 degrees below zero at night，which prevents us from living there.Now that Mars are quite different f

19、rom our earth，if we are to go to Mars one day，we should have to take along our own oxygen，food，clothing and shelter.But it is certain that man will land on Mars in time.2021/8/11 星期三22自主学习自主学习2021/8/11 星期三231.It exploded loudly with fire and rock.(P25)地球猛烈爆炸起火，并喷涌出岩石。词语辨析loud；loudly；aloud（1）loud可用作形

20、容词、副词，表“大声地”，与sing，speak，talk，cry，laugh连用。（2）loudly 副词，大声地，暗含“喧闹地”意思，与explode，shout连用。（3）aloud 副词。意为“出声地”，与read，think连用。如：read aloud(朗读)，think aloud(自言自语)2021/8/11 星期三24即学即练用loud；loudly；aloud填空。（1）Sing _，please.（2）The bomb exploded _ near the hotel.（3）The kids playing on the playground often laugh _

21、 and long.答案：（1）louder (2)loudly (3)loud2021/8/11 星期三252.They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen，which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish.(P26)他们繁殖起来就使得早期的海洋充满了氧气，这为早期的贝类及其各种鱼类的发育进一步创造了条件。词语归纳encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做，怂恿某人做urge sb.to do st

22、h.鼓励某人做，怂恿某人做urge sb.into doing sth.鼓励某人做，怂恿某人做2021/8/11 星期三26即学即练(1）父亲总是鼓励我学好英语。_（2）老师鼓励我报名参加演讲比赛。_ 答案：（1）Father always encouraged me to learn English well.（2）My teacher urged me to enter for the speaking/speech competition.2021/8/11 星期三273.Before we left，Li Yanping explained to me that the force o

23、f gravity would change three times on our journey.(P30)在启程以前，李彦平向我解释说，在我们的航行中会有三次引力的改变。注意下列句中force的意思。（1）We forced the door open and arrested the two murderers.（强迫,强行）（2）The force of gravity is really mysterious.（力量）（3）When he was only seventeen，he joined the forces to defend his country.(军队)（4）As m

24、ost men suffered from this strange disease，the majority of the labour forces in this village were women and children.(劳动力)2021/8/11 星期三28词语归纳force open强行打开by force依靠武力force sb.to do sth.迫使做come into force（法律）实施force sb.into doing sth.迫使做in force大批的force one，s way 强行前进或进入force sth.on sb.把强加于2021/8/11

25、 星期三29即学即练选用上述词组完成下列小片段。It was reported that two peasant workers(1)_ _(被迫)work 14 hours a day but with little money.One of them couldn，t stand it and one of them(2)_ _(强行前进或进入)the boss，s house and killed him.The other(3)_（强迫）a bank clerk(4)_（hand）in the money.答案：(1)were forced to (2)forced his way i

26、nto (3)forced (4)into handing2021/8/11 星期三304.I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.(P31)我发现我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍。as far as后省了I was carried,表示“（在飞船上）步子的跨度是在地球上的两倍。”句型归纳表达倍数的句型最常用的有三个：（1）A+动词+倍数+比较级+than B A比B 长/宽/高/重倍。（2）A+动词+倍数+as+原级+as B A是B的倍。（3）A+动词+倍数+the+相应名词+of BA是

27、B的倍。2021/8/11 星期三31温馨提示：温馨提示：句型（3）中的相应各问指长、宽、高、深、重、大小等形容词的相应名词。如：longlength，widewidth，highheight，deepdepth，weightyweight，largesize.例如：I，ll pay back twice the amount what I borrow from you.我将还给你我所借你钱的两倍。2021/8/11 星期三32即学即练A.将下列句子译成英语。(1)地球大概是月亮的四十九倍。_(2)线段A是线段B的两倍。_ 答案：（1）The earth is about 49 times

28、bigger than the moon.The earth is about 49 times as big as the moon.The earth is about 49 times the size of the moon.（2）Line A is twice as long as Line B.Line A is twice the length of Line B.2021/8/11 星期三33词语拓展as far as远达，远至as long as长达(还有“只要”的意思)as many as多达as tall as高达as deep as深达as heavy as重达as/s

29、o far as I，m concerned就我而言as/so far as I know据我所知2021/8/11 星期三34即学即练B.选用上述词组完成句子。（1）John is the tallest boy in the class,_ five foot eight according to himself.（2）After supper she would sit down by the fire，sometimes for _an hour，thinking of her young and happy days.（3）How far apart do they live?_，t

30、hey live in the same neighbourhood.（4）_I know the money is safe，I shall not worry about it.（5）_，you can do whatever you like.2021/8/11 星期三35答案：B.(1)as tall as (2)as long as (3)As far as I know(4)As long as (5)As far as I，m concerned2021/8/11 星期三365.I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly a

31、round in our spaceship.(P30)我高兴起来，由于失重，我在太空船舱里飘来飘去。注意下列句中cheer的意思。（1）The good news cheered the family.（使高兴，欢呼,为喝彩）（2）See you tomorrow，then cheers.（口语谢谢，干杯，再见）2021/8/11 星期三37短语归纳cheer up 高兴起来，振奋起来cheer sb.up(使）充满欢喜、希望、鼓舞（1）Let，s go to the playground and cheer for our players.咱们去操场为我们的队员加油吧。（2）Cheer u

32、p!Our troubles will soon be over!振作起来！我们的困难很快就会过去的。2021/8/11 星期三38写作步步高写作步步高2021/8/11 星期三39如何写好名词性从句如何写好名词性从句(2)名词性从句中有一个问题需特别注意:it做形式主语，it做形式宾语。it做形式主语的常用句型:It is+形容词+that.It is+过去分词+that.如：It matters/doesn，t matter+that/whether.例：It（形式主语）is（系动词）necessary（表语）that you inform him of the date of the m

33、eeting at once（真主语（从句）.It（形式主语）was said（谓语）that he used to be manager of a big company（真主语（从句）.2021/8/11 星期三40It（形式主语）matters a lot（谓语）whether you can raise enough money for the project（真主语（从句）.it做形式宾语的句型:主语+谓语+it(形式宾语)+形容词/名词（宾语补足语）+从句(真宾语)例:We（主语）consider（谓语）it（形式宾语）a great honour（宾补（名词）to hold th

34、e 2008 Olympic Games（真宾语）.They（主语）found（谓语）it（形式宾语）difficult（宾补（形）to communicate with the local people（真宾语）.2021/8/11 星期三41活学活用一、将下列句子译成英语，然后分析每个句子的结构。1.很明显，他在撒谎。2.据报道，我们队夺得了金牌。3.真奇怪，她竟然这么粗鲁。4.我们规定每天练习一个小时的英语口语。2021/8/11 星期三42二、用 that，whether/if，what(ever),who(ever)，whom(ever)，whose，which(ever)，when

35、，why，how，where填空。Everyone knew 1 Andy was a famous writer，but no one knew 2 she came from and 3 she was born in 1961 was still a mystery.4 they did know was 5 she was loved by poor people because she always helped 6 was in need of money.Andy was generous and helpful，but some people thought she was c

36、hasing fame.Andy said she didn，t understand 7 they were so narrow-minded，but it didn，t matter 8 others would thought of her.She just wanted to do 9 she thought was right.I think that is 10 the meaning of life lies.2021/8/11 星期三43答案：一、1.It（主）was（系）clear/obvious（表）that he was lying to us（主语从句）.2.It（主）

37、was reported（谓）that our team had won the gold medal（主语从句）.3.It（主）was（系）strange（表）that she should have been so rude（主语从句）.4.We（主）made（谓）it（形式宾语）a rule（宾语补足语）that we should practise oral English（真宾语从句）for an hour every day.(that 不做成分)二、1.that2.where3.whether4.What5.that 6.whoever7.why8.what 9.whatever 10.where2021/8/11 星期三44祝祝您您2021/8/11 星期三452021/8/11 星期三46