高中英语 Unit 1 Great Scientists学时1高频单词课件 新人教必修5.ppt

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1、2021/8/11 星期三12021/8/11 星期三21_vt.打败；战胜；使受挫n失败2_vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加3_vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光4_n治愈；痊愈vt.治愈；治疗5_vt.吸收；吸引；使专心6_vt.责备；谴责n过失；责备7_n柄；把手vt.处理；操纵2021/8/11 星期三38_vi.&n连续；联系9_vt.&vi.结束；推断出_n.结论；结束10_n.挑战vt.向挑战_n.挑战者11 _vt.怀 疑 n.被 怀 疑 者；嫌 疑 犯_n.怀疑_adj.有疑心的12 _vt.预 见；预 知 _v.预 言_v.预报13_vt.污染；弄脏_n.污染2021/8/11 星期三4

2、14_vt.宣布；通告_n.通知；宣告15_vt.命令；指示；教导_n.教授；传授_n.指示；说明16_vt.建设；修建_n.建设；建筑物17_vt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助_n.贡献18_vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃_n.拒绝；抛弃2021/8/11 星期三5答案1.defeat2.attend3.expose4.cure5.absorb6.blame7.handle8.link9.conclude；conclusion10.challenge；challenger11.suspect；suspicion；suspicious12.foresee；foretell；forecast13.poll

3、ute；pollution14.announce；announcement15.instruct；instruction；instructions16.construct；construction17.contribute；contribution18.reject；rejection2021/8/11 星期三62021/8/11 星期三72021/8/11 星期三8【典例填充】1From the evidence I must_ _ you are wrong.从证据看，我敢断定你错了。答案conclude that2_ _，I wish everyone a complete succes

4、s！最后，祝大家取得圆满成功！答案To conclude3I _ _ _ _that he was lying.我看他是在说谎。答案came to the conclusion2021/8/11 星期三9【即学即练】We have come to the conclusion_the company has been making great progress these months.AwhichBthatCas DWhat答案B2021/8/11 星期三10考点2absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心；消减；理解；合并【课文如是】The second suggested that peop

5、le absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.(课本P2)absorb ones attention吸引某人注意be absorbed in 专心于，全神贯注于be absorbed by/into 被吞并；被吸收2021/8/11 星期三11【典例填充】1I was so _ _the book that I didnt hear you come in.我出神地看这本书，连你进来也没听见。答案absorbed in2The surrounding villages have been _ _the growing c

6、ity.周围的村庄并入了日益扩展的城市。答案absorbed by2021/8/11 星期三12考点3attend vt.&vi.出席；参加；照料；护理【课文如是】John Snow was a famous doctor in Londonso expert,indeed,that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.(课本P2)attend a meeting/a lecture/school 参加会议/报告/上学attend on/upon sb.伺候某人；照顾某人attend to 处理；注意；专心于；照料2021/

7、8/11 星期三13【比较网站】attend，join，join in，take part inattend 指参加会议、婚礼、典礼、上学、上课、听报告等较为正式的场合。join 指加入某一组织并成为其中一员。join in 指参加活动，常用作join(sb.)in活动。take part in 指参加某项活动并在其中起一定作用。2021/8/11 星期三14【典例填充】1His father suggested that he _a technical school.他父亲建议他去上技校。答案attend2Mary has attended _her sick mother for year

8、s.玛丽多年来一直照顾她有病的母亲。答案on3He has a lot of things to_ _.他有很多事要处理。答案attend to2021/8/11 星期三15【即学即练】With two children_college in the nearby city，the parents have to work very hard to earn enough money to pay for their education.Aattended BattendingCjoined Djoining解析attend college“上大学”；此句中含有with 复合结构，childr

9、en 与attend 为主动关系，故用现在分词attending。而join 表示加入当中成为其中的一员，不符合题意。答案B2021/8/11 星期三16考点4defeat vt.打败；战胜n.失败【课文如是】John Snow defeats“King Cholera”(课本P2)【比较网站】win，beat，defeatwin 的意思是“赢”、“获胜”、“得到成功”，作及物动词时，它的宾语往往是奖品、奖学金、名誉、财产、战争或运动等。win 后不能接人(对手)，如不说win sb.。win the race/the battle/the war/a prize/the game/a med

10、al/success/friendship/reward赢得了赛跑/战斗/战争/奖品/比赛/奖牌/成功/友谊/奖赏2021/8/11 星期三17beat 也有“赢”、“取胜”、“战胜”之意，但跟win 的用法不同，这个动词后面跟的是比赛、竞争中的对手或战争中的敌人。且beat 还有连续敲打，(心脏)跳动之意。过去式为beat，过去分词为beaten。He was so nervous that he could feel his heart beating faster.他如此紧张，以至于能感到自己的心跳加快了。defeat 本来用于描述战争中打败敌人，现在可与beat 换用，以表示击败对手。

11、He was badly defeated/beaten in the election.他在选举中惨败。2021/8/11 星期三18【典例填充】用win，beat，defeat 填空1Listen!The rain is_against the window.答案beating2Our team_the game 8 to 7.答案won3You_me in the race，but Ill_you at tennis.答案beat；defeated2021/8/11 星期三19【即学即练】Zhang Yining_Wang Nan and won the gold medal in th

12、e 29th Olympic Games.Awon BdefeatCbeat Dhit解析“击败对手”可用beat或defeat，但由got 可知，空白处应用过去时，若选B，则应为defeated。答案C2021/8/11 星期三20考点5expose v.暴露；揭露；使曝光【课文如是】But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.(课本P2)【概而括之】常与介词to 连用，表示“使暴露于(日光、风雨等)；受到风险；使面临”的意思。expose.to使暴露于，把暴露

13、于expose sth./sb./oneself(to sth.)显露或暴露某人/某事物/自己be exposed to经受，暴露于expose sb.to danger 使某人面临危险2021/8/11 星期三21【典例填充】1Keep indoors and dont _ _ _ _ _ _.留在屋里，不要让皮肤在太阳下暴晒。答案expose your skin to the sun2He devoted himself to rescuing the injured，though he_ _ _many dangers.他全心投入到营救伤员的工作中，尽管他置身于各种各样的危险之中。答案w

14、as exposed to2021/8/11 星期三22【即学即练】_to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin.AExposed BHaving exposedCBeing exposed DAfter being exposed解析being exposed to sunlight for too much time 为v.ing 短语作主语。be exposed to“暴露于”。答案C2021/8/11 星期三23考点6blame vt.责备，谴责，把归咎于n.过失，责备【课文如是】It seemed that the

15、water was to blame.(课本P2)【概而括之】blame 作动词时，常用于blame sb.for sth.结构；be to blame 中的不定式to blame 为主动形式，但是表示被动意义，意思为“应当承担责任”。blame sb.for sth./doing sth.因某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人2021/8/11 星期三24sb.be to_blame(for)(doing)sth.某人应(为)承担责任，该(为)受责accept/bear/take the blame for sth.对某事负责任put/play/la

16、y the blame for sth.on sb.将某事归咎于某人【典例填充】1_如果不怪你，该怪谁呢？答案If you are not to blame，then who is?2021/8/11 星期三252_我们愿对所发生的事负责。答案We were ready to take the blame for what had happened.3_如果结果糟糕，她将会怪罪于我们。答案Shell put the blame on us if it turns out bad.2021/8/11 星期三26【即学即练】His driver，_for the accident，had not

17、been driving carefully.Ablamed Bbeing blamedCto be blamed Dblaming解析考查过去分词。blamed for the accident 是过去分词短语作后置定语，blame 与所修饰词driver 是动宾关系，因此用过去分词。答案A2021/8/11 星期三27考点7cure vt.治疗n.治愈【课文如是】Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.(课本P2)a cure for sth.治疗的方法cure sb.of疾病名称 治愈某人的疾病cure sb.of不良行为 矫正某人的不

18、良行为2021/8/11 星期三28【比较网站】cure，treat，heal，recovercure 治疗，治愈。多用于药物治疗，并治愈某种疾病或改正不良习惯。常用于cure sb.of sth.结构中。treat 指治疗病人的全过程或活动，并不涉及“治愈”这个结果。常用于treat sb.for sth.结构中。heal 指治好外伤或烧伤后的患部(wound，cut，injury，burn etc.)，使伤口愈合；heal 不能用来表示“感冒”等疾病的治愈。recover 常与介词from 连用，表示从病中痊愈了，恢复了健康。2021/8/11 星期三29【典例填充】用cure，treat

19、，heal 和recover 填空1The cut soon_over，but it left a scar.答案healed2He has_from a bad cold.答案recovered3She was_for her cancer.答案treated4I hope the doctor can_me of the pain in my shoulder.答案cure2021/8/11 星期三30【即学即练】She tried every means to_her child_the bad habit.Acure；from Bcure；ofCtreat；of Dtreat；from

20、答案B2021/8/11 星期三31考点8contribute vt.贡献出，捐助vi.投稿【课文如是】to contribute(课本P4)contribute.to.把贡献给contribute to 为作出贡献；把时间投入；有助于，导致contribution n.捐献物，贡献物；捐款；稿件make a contribution to 对作出贡献contribution to 对的贡献contributor n.撰稿者；捐助者；起作用的人或因素2021/8/11 星期三32【典例填充】1He offered to _ _the Red Cross.他主动向红十字会捐款。答案contrib

21、ute to2Various factors _ _his downfall.各种因素导致了他的倒台。答案contributed to3He _ _ _ _ _ _ the overall success of the project.他对项目的全面成功做出了非常积极的贡献。答案made a very positive contribution to2021/8/11 星期三33【即学即练】To be honest，my carelessness_a lot to my failure.Acontributed BdonatedCprovided Doffered解析句意：说实话，我的失败主要

22、是因为我的粗心大意。contribute to 导致。donate 捐献；provide 提供；offer(主动)提供。答案A2021/8/11 星期三341We can not_whether a child is clever or stupid from his or her points in an examination.Aconduct BnoticeCunderstand Dconclude解析句意：从一个孩子的考试分数上我们不能推断这个孩子是聪明还是愚笨。conclude 推断出；conduct 带领，管理，表现；notice 注意到；understand 理解。根据句意，D项

23、为正确选项。答案D2021/8/11 星期三352_in her new novel，the young writer kept thinking and writing for a dozen hours in her study.AHaving deeply absorbedBDeeply absorbingCDeeply having been absorbedDDeeply absorbed解析be absorbed in“全神贯注于”，absorbed.为形容词短语作状语，说明主语the young writer 所处的一种状态。句意：那位年轻作家沉浸于她的新小说中，在书房里一直思考

24、并写了12个小时了。答案D2021/8/11 星期三363_to nuclear radiation，even for a short time，may produce variants(变异体)of genes in human bodies.ABeing exposed BHaving exposedCExposed DAfter being exposed解析分析句子结构可知_to.应在句中作主语，故用动名词形式；be exposed to“暴露于”。句意：暴露在核射线下即使很短的时间人体都可能产生基因变异。答案A2021/8/11 星期三374They blamed the failu

25、re on George.Actually，he_.Ais not to blame Bis to blameCis not to be blamed Dshould not blame解析sb.be to blame 表示“某人被责备”。又由actually 知此处应用A。答案A2021/8/11 星期三385Eating too much fat can_heart disease and cause high blood pressure.Aresult from Bcontribute toCattend to Ddevote to解析考查动词短语辨析。contribute to 有助于，成为的原因，对有贡献，后面接结果。attend to 注意，照料；result from 因为，后面接原因；devote to 致力于，均不符合句意。句意：摄入太多的脂肪会导致心脏病和高血压的发生。答案B2021/8/11 星期三392021/8/11 星期三40