江苏省赣榆县厉庄高级中学高三英语《定语从句解读》课件 新人教.ppt
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1、v 定语从句大解读 高考英语定语从句解读2021/8/8 星期日1Which baby is JackWhich baby is Jack?穿红裤子的baby是Jack。The baby is Jack.who is wearing red trousersJack2021/8/8 星期日2Which house is mineWhich house is mine?房顶是棕色的房子是我的。The house is mine.whose roof is brownMy house2021/8/8 星期日3The Attributive Clause 定语从句定语从句n n在复合句中修饰名词或代
2、词的从句叫做定语从句。在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。n n定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。n n引导定语从句的词叫定语从句的关系词。引导定语从句的词叫定语从句的关系词。引导定语从句的词叫定语从句的关系词。引导定语从句的词叫定语从句的关系词。She is the girl who sings best of all.她是唱得最好的那位女孩。Is this the book(that)you are looking f
3、or?这是你找的那本书吗?先行词关系词关系词 先行词先行词 关系词关系词2021/8/8 2021/8/8 星期日星期日4 4关系代词关系代词关系代词关系代词whowhowhomwhomthatthatwhichwhichwhosewhose关系副词关系副词关系副词关系副词wherewherewhenwhenwhywhy2021/8/8 2021/8/8 星期日星期日5 5 学习定语从句的关键是如何选择定语学习定语从句的关键是如何选择定语从句的关系词。从句的关系词。由于关系词在主句与从句间既起到联由于关系词在主句与从句间既起到联系作用,又在从句中充当一个成分,因此,系作用,又在从句中充当一个成
4、分,因此,要正确判断关系代词在从句中的作用,即:要正确判断关系代词在从句中的作用,即:关系词在定语从句中所作的句子成分。关系词在定语从句中所作的句子成分。She is the girl who/that sings best of all.她是唱得最好的那位女孩。2021/8/8 2021/8/8 星期日星期日6 6关系代词关系代词关系代词关系代词关系词关系词关系词关系词指代指代指代指代(先行词先行词先行词先行词)在定语从句中的作用在定语从句中的作用在定语从句中的作用在定语从句中的作用关系副词关系副词关系副词关系副词2021/8/8 2021/8/8 星期日星期日7 7I.I.关系代词的用法关
5、系代词的用法:1.who指人指人,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)作宾语可省略)The man(who)I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.2021/8/8 2021/8/8 星期日星期日8 8Do you know the girl who is very short in our class?Do you know the girl?She is very short in our class.He is the student.He broke my pencil ye
6、sterday.He is the student who broke my pencil yesterday.2021/8/8 2021/8/8 星期日星期日9 92.whom指人指人,作宾语作宾语(作宾语可省略作宾语可省略,但如果但如果介词提前则不能省介词提前则不能省)The man(whom/who)I nodded to is Mr.Li.The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.2021/8/8 2021/8/8 星期日星期日10103.which 指物,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)指物,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)These are the
7、trees which were planted last year.This recorder(which)he is using ismade in Japan.2021/8/8 2021/8/8 星期日星期日1111下列情况只能用下列情况只能用which 在非限制定语从句中。在非限制定语从句中。在关系代词之前有介词时。在关系代词之前有介词时。2021/8/8 2021/8/8 星期日星期日1212 4.that 指人指人/物,作主语或宾语物,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)作宾语可省略)A plane is a machine that can fly.He is the man(that)
8、I told you about.2021/8/8 2021/8/8 星期日星期日1313先行词是先行词是先行词是先行词是all,everything,nothing,anything,all,everything,nothing,anything,little,much little,much 等不定代词时。等不定代词时。等不定代词时。等不定代词时。先行词被先行词被先行词被先行词被all all,anyany,everyevery,no no,littlelittle,much much 等词修饰时。等词修饰时。等词修饰时。等词修饰时。先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或形容
9、词最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。先行词被先行词被先行词被先行词被the only the only,the very,the lastthe very,the last等修饰时。等修饰时。等修饰时。等修饰时。当先行词有两个或两个以上,当先行词有两个或两个以上,当先行词有两个或两个以上,当先行词有两个或两个以上,既有人又有物时既有人又有物时既有人又有物时既有人又有物时在在在在who,or which who,or which 引导的特殊疑问句中为避免重引导的特殊疑问句中为避免重引导的特殊疑问句中为避免重引导的特殊疑问句中为避免重复也用复也用
10、复也用复也用thatthat在下列情况下只用在下列情况下只用在下列情况下只用在下列情况下只用that that that that 2021/8/8 2021/8/8 星期日星期日1414The earth is round,_ we all know._ is known to all,the earth is round_ is known to all that the earth is round.as AsIt定语从句在句首时只能用定语从句在句首时只能用as,as as,as 具有正如之意,与之搭配的动具有正如之意,与之搭配的动词一般是固定的词一般是固定的5 as 的使用的使用202
11、1/8/8 2021/8/8 星期日星期日1515n nThis is the same book as I lost.n nThis is the same book that I lost.这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本。这本书就是我丢的那本。as 的使用的使用2021/8/8 2021/8/8 星期日星期日1616This is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.asas这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。这是大家
12、都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。定语从句定语从句as 的使用的使用2021/8/8 2021/8/8 星期日星期日1717This is such an interesting book _we all like it.This is so interesting a book _we all like it.thatthat这本书如此有趣,大家都喜欢。这本书如此有趣,大家都喜欢。结果状语从句结果状语从句as 的使用的使用2021/8/8 2021/8/8 星期日星期日18186.whose 多指人,也可指物,多指人,也可指物,在定语从句在定语从句中作定语中作定语。I saw a lady whos
13、e handbag was stolen.This is the book whose cover is blue.2021/8/8 2021/8/8 星期日星期日1919Do you know the girl whose hair is very short in our class?Do you know the girl?Her hair is very short in our class.He is the student.I broke his pencil yesterday.He is the student whose pencil I broke yesterday.20
14、21/8/8 2021/8/8 星期日星期日2020关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句用法总结用法总结n nthat that 引导的定语从句先行词可以是人也可以是物,引导的定语从句先行词可以是人也可以是物,引导的定语从句先行词可以是人也可以是物,引导的定语从句先行词可以是人也可以是物,thatthat在定语从句中做主语或宾语;在定语从句中做主语或宾语;在定语从句中做主语或宾语;在定语从句中做主语或宾语;n nwho who 引导的定语从句先行词只能是人,引导的定语从句先行词只能是人,引导的定语从句先行词只能是人,引导的定语从句先行词只能是人,who who 在定在定在定在定语从句中
15、做主语或代替语从句中做主语或代替语从句中做主语或代替语从句中做主语或代替whomwhom作宾语;作宾语;作宾语;作宾语;n nwhomwhom引导的定语从句先行词只能是人,引导的定语从句先行词只能是人,引导的定语从句先行词只能是人,引导的定语从句先行词只能是人,whomwhom在在在在定语从句中只能做宾语;定语从句中只能做宾语;定语从句中只能做宾语;定语从句中只能做宾语;n nwhich which 引导的定语从句先行词只能是物,引导的定语从句先行词只能是物,引导的定语从句先行词只能是物,引导的定语从句先行词只能是物,whichwhich在在在在定语从句中做主语或宾语;定语从句中做主语或宾语;
16、定语从句中做主语或宾语;定语从句中做主语或宾语;n nwhosewhose引导的定语从句先行词一般是人也可是物,引导的定语从句先行词一般是人也可是物,引导的定语从句先行词一般是人也可是物,引导的定语从句先行词一般是人也可是物,whosewhose在定语从句中定语。在定语从句中定语。在定语从句中定语。在定语从句中定语。2021/8/8 2021/8/8 星期日星期日2121Have a try指出关系代词在定语从句中的成份:指出关系代词在定语从句中的成份:指出关系代词在定语从句中的成份:指出关系代词在定语从句中的成份:1.1.The manThe man whowho came to our s
17、chool is Mr.Wangcame to our school is Mr.Wang.2.2.The girlThe girl (whom)(whom)I met is LucyI met is Lucy.3.3.A childA child whosewhose parents are dead is called Tom.parents are dead is called Tom.4.4.I likeI like the bookthe book (which)(which)you bought yesterday.you bought yesterday.主语主语宾语宾语定语定语
18、宾语宾语2021/8/8 2021/8/8 星期日星期日2222Have a try5.5.His parents wouldnt let him marryHis parents wouldnt let him marry anyoneanyone whosewhose family was poor.family was poor.6.6.I likeI like the personthe person to whomto whom you just talked.you just talked.7.7.We shall never forget We shall never forge
19、t the daysthe days (that)(that)we we spent together.spent together.定语定语介宾介宾宾语宾语2021/8/8 2021/8/8 星期日星期日2323II.关系副词的用法:关系副词的用法:1)where引导的定语从句修饰的先行词是表示地点的名词,并在定语从句中作地点状语。This is the house where I was born.2021/8/8 2021/8/8 星期日星期日2424Yesterday I visited the factory where my father worked 20 years ago.Y
20、esterday I visited the factory.My father worked in the factory 20 years ago.This is the house.I lived in the house two years ago.This is the house where I lived two years ago.2021/8/8 2021/8/8 星期日星期日25252)when引导的定语从句修饰的先行词是表示时间的名词,并在定语从句中作时间状语。We will never forget the day when I joined the party.202
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