2022年初中英语动词时态详解_配套习题.docx

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1、_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载动词的时态 动词的时态有许多；中学阶段主要把握八种：一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时；1一般现在时1）一般现在时态的构成：主语是I, we, you, they 和名词复数时作谓语的行为动词用原形；主语是 he, she , it或和名词单数时,作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下：一般情形s o 结尾es 以 s, x, ch, sh 以辅音 y 结尾 去 y 变 i es 2）一般现在时态的确定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以 be 和 like 为例）：主 语 肯 定

2、 式 否 定 式 疑 问 式第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数 I am a student. We/You/ They are students. He/ She is a student. I / We/ You/ They/ like music. Many people like music. I am not a student. We/You/ They are not students. He/ She is not a student. I / We/ You/ They/ dont like music. t like music. Are you a student.

3、Many people don Are you/ they students. Is he/ she a student. Do you/ they like music. Do many people like music. 3）一般现在时态的用法：现阶段常常性,习惯性的动作；例如： I get up at six every morning. He plays tennis once a week. 现在的状态 例如：My mother is a teacher. She teaches English in a school. 客观真理 例如：The earth goes around

4、the sun. 4）常用于一般现在时态的时间状语：often usually sometimes always every day never in the morning 等；例题解析：举一反三,学的更轻松；- May I help you, sir. - Yes, I bought the TV the day before yesterday, but it _. _精品资料_ A. didnt work B. doesnt work C. wont work D. cant work B. 第 1 页,共 11 页解析：电视虽然是前天买的,但坏了是现在的状态,应当用一般现在时态；选-

5、 - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载2_ the bus until it _. A. Get off, stops B. Get off, will stop C. Dont get off, stops D. Dont get off, will stop 解析：这是一个以 until 引导的时间状语从句,主句是祈使句,因此从句要用一般现在时表示将要发生的动作；依据句意此题应用 not until（直到 才）句型；应选 C；3The 70-year-old man _ exercises in the morning. A. ta

6、kes B. are taking C. took D. will take 解析：“ 这个 70 岁的老人早晨锤炼； ” 这里锤炼是一个常常性、习惯性的动作；因此,应选A. 2. 现在进行时 1 ）现在进行时的构成：Am/is/ are+ v-ing 是现在进行时的构成形式 v-ing 现在分词的构成：一般情形 +ing 以不发音字母 e 结尾的单词；去 e, 加 ing +ing 以辅音字母 y 结尾的单词 去 e+ing 以重读闭音节结尾的单词,末尾只有一个辅音字母时. 双写词尾字母 +ing 2 现在进行时的确定确定句、否定句、疑问句形式：主 语 肯 定 式 否 定 式 疑 问 式第一

7、、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数I am driving. He/She/It is working. We/You/They are doing something. I am not driving. He/She/It is not working. We/You/They are not doing anything. Are you driving. Is he/she/it working. Are you/they doing something. 3）现在进行时的用法： 1. 说话时正在进行或发生的动作（动作是在说话时正在进行）；例如： She is having a bat

8、h now. 2. 现阶段正在进行或发生的动作（但是动作并不是必需在说话时正在进行）；例如： You are working hard today. Kate wants to work in Italy, so she is learning Italian. The population of the world is growing very fast. _精品资料_ 频度副词 always, forever等词连用时,表示某种剧烈的感情；如：第 2 页,共 11 页 He is always trying out new ideas. 表示观赏,夸奖 - - - - - - -_归纳总

9、结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载表示按方案即将发生的动作（仅限于 等动词）；如：go, come, arrive, leave, start, fly, begin, stay The party is beginning at 8:00 oclock. 6 常用于现在进行时态的时间状语： now 等；例题解析：举一反三,学的更轻松； 1 I don t think that its true. Shes always _ lies. A. tell B. tells C. telling D. told 解析： always 在这里应现在进行时连用,带有感情颜

10、色,表示厌恶；选C. How _ you _ with the new job. A. do, do B. do, get along C. are, doing D. are, getting on 解析：表示现阶段正在发生的动作,用现在进行时；选 D. 3- Are these socks yours. - No. Mine _ outside on the clothes line. A. are hanging B. have hung C. hang D. hung 解析： hang 意为悬挂, hung 意为上吊、绞死,先排除答案在的状态,应用现在进行时；应选 A. 3一般将来时1

11、）一般将来时的构成： 1. 助动词 willshall+动词原形动词原形 2. am / is / are +going to +2）一般将来时的用法： 1将要发生的动作；例如： I will leave for Beijing tomorrow. 2将要存在的状态；例如： This time next year I will be in Japan. Where will you be. 3准备要做的事；例如： Are you going to watch the film on television tonight. 3 常用于一般将来时的时间状语： tomorrow next week

12、in 2022 等；例题解析：举一反三,学的更轻松；B、D；依据前后句意可判定显现1. I_ for Hong Kong on Saturday. Will you go to see me off at the airport？ A. am leaving B. am left C. am going to leaving D. left 解析：趋向动词leave 可用现在进行时表将来；选A；2.I_ to see grandma and help her with some housework every week. A. came B. am going come C. come D.

13、will come 解析：此题虽然有 every week, 但句意中表达的事将要去做的常常性动作；应当用一般将来时；因此选 D；We Chinese _ the Olympic Games in 2022. A. held B. shall holding C. are holding D. are going to hold 解析：此题的时间状语是将来的时间,所以选用一般将来时,A、D都删去； shall后面应跟动词原型,故应选 D. _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 11 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载4一般过去时 1 ）

14、一般过去时的构成：用动词的过去式；作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下：一般情形 +ed 以 e 字母结尾的辅音 +d 以辅音字母 y 结尾 去 y 变 i ed 重读闭音节结尾的单词,末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写词尾字母 +ed 2）一般过去时态的确定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以 be 和 like 为例）：主 语 肯 定 式 否 定 式 疑 问 式第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数 I was a student. We/You/ They were students. He/ She was a student. I / We/ You/ They/ liked music. Many peo

15、ple liked music. I was not a student. We/You/ They were not students. He/ She was not a student. I / We/ You/ They/ didnt like music. t like music. Were you a student. Many people didn Were you/ they students. Was he/ she a student. Did you/ they like music. Did many people like music. 3）一般过去时的用法：过去

16、发生的动作；例如： The police stopped me on my way home last night. 过去存在的状态；例如：They werent able to come because they were so busy. 3. 常用于一般过去时的时间状语： yesterday,three months ago,last year,in 1979 ,often ,always 等；例题解析：举一反三,学的更轻松；r. Mott is out. But he _ here a few minutes ago. A. was B. is C. will be D. would

17、be 解析：时分钟前发生的动作,应当用一般过去时；应选 A ,2-Hi, Tom. -Hello, Fancy. I _ you were here. _精品资料_ A.dont know B.wont think C. think D. didnt know 这句话指的是我第 4 页,共 11 页解析：虽然句中没有明确的时间状语,但是可以通过上下文语境判定出,这段时间并不知道,你前一阵子在这儿；所以应选 A；- - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载3He promised to tell me by himself when I _.

18、 A. come B. would come C. come D. had come 解析：在时间状语从句中,用一般过去时表示过去将来；应选 C；5现在完成时 现在完成时的构成：have / has + v-ing 2）现在完成时态的确定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以 be 和 see 为例）：主 语 肯 定 式 否 定 式 疑 问 式第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数 He/ She has been here before. I /We/You/ They have been here before. .I / We/ You/ They/ Many people have seen th

19、e film. I /We/You/ They havent been here before. He/ She hasn t been here before . .I / We/ You/ They/ Many people havent seen the film. Have you/ they been here before. Has he/ she been here before. Have you/ they/ many people seen the film. 在完成时的用法：1、表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果. 常与 already, just, ever, n

20、ever, before等词连用 . 如: She has never read this novel. 他从未读过这本小说 . 他对小说的内容不明白 2、表示“ 过去的动作” 始终连续到现在并有可能连续连续下去 . 常与 for 后跟段时间 或since 后跟点时间 等连用 . 如 : I have been a member of the Party for 10 years. I have been a member of the Party since 10 years ago. 注：在有 for 和 since 引导时间状语的句子中不能用短暂性动词,的词；如： He has died

21、 for 3 years.F He has been dead for 3 years.T 应用与之相应的表示状态留意：现在完成时不能和表示明确的过去时间连用；如：in 1998, last morning等 have/has been to 表示“ 去过”（去了又回来了） have/has gone to 表示“ 去过”（去了没回来了）如： Where has she gone.句中所指的人不在 Where has she been.句中作指的人在 例题解析：举一反三,学的更轻松； -How long _ he _ a fever. - Ever since last night. A. h

22、ave, got B. have , had C. have, caught D. did, have 解析：此句表示从昨晚起连续到现在的状态,应用现在完成时,去掉答案 D；由于是段时间,因此选 B. 所以不能用短暂行动词,get 和 catch 都是短暂行动词； My bowl is empty. Who _ all my soup. _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 11 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载 A. drinks B. had drunk C. has drunk D. drank 解析：碗是空的了,这里强调的是所

23、发生的动作造成的结果；C. “ 谁把我的汤都喝了；应选3. I _ you for a long time. Where _ you _. A. Didnt seen; did, go B. didnt see; have, gone C. havent seen; have, been D. havent seen; have gone “ 你去哪儿了？” （在这段时间你不在）应选C；解析： for+ 段时间一般预先在完成时连用；6、过去进行时 1）过去进行时的构成： was / were +v-ing 2 过去进行时的用法：过去某一阶段或某一时刻正在进行的动作；例如： This time

24、last year I was living in Brazil. What were you doing at 10 oclock last night. 3 常用于过去进行时的时间状语： at four yesterday afternoon,then ,at that time/moment 等；例题解析：举一反三,学的更轻松； Daddy promised me he _ me a computer A. was bought B. had bought C bought D. would buy 解析：“ 爸爸答应我给我买一台电脑”应用过去将来时；选 D；宾语从句中的动作是以过去为起

25、点将要发生的动作, They said they _ do some sports if it was fine. A. were going to B. went C. would going D. were going 解析：“ 他们说假如天气好的话他们准备去运动；” 去做运动发生在说话之后,所以应选用过 去将来时,答案 B不合适,“ 准备作某事” 为“be going to do ” .would 后面应跟动词原形,应选 A. 7、过去完成时态 1）过去完成时态的构成：确定式： had + 动词的过去分词 否定式： hadnt + 动词的过去分词 疑问式： Had + 动词的过去分词 N

26、o, 主 + had简略回答 : Yes, 主 + have/has had. 现在完成时的用法过去完成时的用法：1、表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作；他表示的时间是 “ 过去的过去”常与 by last year, by the time of yesterday,等连用；如： She said she had seen the film 4 times. When Mr Li got to the classroom, all the students had begun reading. By the time they arrived, the bus had left

27、. 2、表示从过去某一时间开头始终连续到过去另一时间的动作或状态；常与for 后跟段时间 或 since 后跟点时间 等连用 . 如: She had worked in this school since it opened 25 years ago. _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 11 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载例题解析：举一反三,学的更轻松； 1. He _ in Shanghai University for four years before he _ Beijing. A. studied, had gone

28、 B. had studied, went C. has studied, goes D. had studied, had gone 解析：“ 他去北京之前在上高校学习了4 年 ” ；在上海学习的动作发生在去北京之前,因此第一个空应用过去完成时；此题选B； 2. Mary said it was at least five years since he _ a good drink. A. enjoyed B. was enjoying C. had enjoyed D. would enjoy 解析： It was + 时间段 +since 引导的从句中用过去完成时；应选C； 3. Xia

29、o Pei said she _ Hainan for 3 months. A. has been in B. had been in C. had been to D. had gone to 解析：“ 小培说她去了海南三个月” ； have been to 和 have gone to 都是短暂性的动词短语；所以适应表示状态的have been in. 应选 B. 时态综合例题解析：1.-What are Mr and Mrs Black doing . -They _ tea in the garden. A. are drinking B. drank C. have drunk D.

30、 drink 2. My mother often asks me _early . A. get up B. got up C. getting up D. to get up 3. Soon Wu Dong _ up with Li Lei, then they were neck and neck. A. taught B. caught C. bought D. brought 4. The car _and stopped at the red traffic light. A. got on B. got off C. slowed down D. picked up 5. Tom

31、 _ the CD player for two weeks. A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had 6. -Do you know _. -Sorry, but if he _ back, I _ you know as soon as possible. A. when will he be back, comes, will let B. when he will be back, will come, will let C. what time will he be back, will come, let D. wh

32、at time he will be back, comes, will let 7. We _ to the park if it is fine tomorrow. A. will go B. have gone C. go 8. A new shoe factory will _ in this part of the city. A. be building B. be built C. build 9. -_ all your things, Tom. I hate them here and there. -Ok, Mom. A. Put up B. Put on C. Put d

33、own D. Put away 10. - How about going hiking this weekend. - Sorry, I prefer _ rather than _. A. to stay at home, go out B. to go out, stay at home C. staying at home, go out D. going out, stay at home 解析：_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 11 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载 1. 依据问句的时态现在进行时,答句时态要一样,应选

34、答案 : A 2. 依据句中的谓语动词 ask 的固定搭配 ask sb to do sth. 故答案： D 3. 依据第一句的固定动词词组 catch up with sb 及其次句的过去时态,应选答案 : B 4. 此题主要考查四个动词词组的把握 . 依据后半句在红灯时停下来 , 应选答案 : C 5. 此题主要考查现在完成时的连续和非连续动词,依据 for two weeks 时间短语；应选答案 : C 6. 此题主要考查宾语丛句和状语丛句的习惯用法；第一句是特别疑问句的宾语丛句,要用陈述句语序；其次句是 if 条件句；丛句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时；应选答案：B 7. 此题考查 i

35、f 条件句的主句时态,要用一般将来时,应选答案； A 8. 此题考查语态；依据全句的意思,使用被动语态；应选答案： B 9. 此题考查四个动词词组 put up , 张贴,举起 ; put on 穿上,上演； put away 把-整理好；依据后半句“ 我厌恶处处乱放”, 应选答案 : D 10. 此题主要考查一个固定词组：prefer to do sth rather than do sth. 应选答案： C. 练习与巩固：熟能生巧,取得好成果；一、挑选正确答案填空动词及搭配 ：s mobile phone on the bus and hecaught 1. A policeman saw

36、 two thieves _a girlthem at once. A. to steal B. stealing C. stole D. stolen 2. The Chinese pingpong players will join in the match.Lets _them success. wish B.to wish C.hope D.to hope 3. He is so careless that he always _his school things at home. forgets B.forgot C.leaves D.left 4. -Who _the comput

37、er. I want to use it. -Timmy. He _ it for a week. borrowed, has borrowed B.has borrowed, bought C.has borrowed, has kept D.bought, has borrowed 5. Look. One of the girls _the door. cleans B.is cleaning C.clean D.are cleaning 6. If you dont feel well, you may just _. stopped reading B.stop reading C.

38、stopped to read D.stop to read 7. -Where can we get a baseball. -Lets _. A. lend Jim one B.lend one to Jim C.borrow one from Jim D.borrow one of Jim 8. -My model ship doesnt work. -Dont worry. Ill have it _this afternoon. A. repairing B.made C.repaired D.mend 9. You _wash your hands before meals. A.

39、 need B.must C.can D.may 10. Will you _the light. Its dark in the room. get on B.get off C.trun on D.turn off 11. My name is Zhang Mingjian. You may _me Zhang Mingjian or Mr Zhang. A. ask B.say C.tell D.call 12. There is going to _a game in our school this afternoon. _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 11 页

40、_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载has B.have C.be D.are 13. You d better_smoking. Its bad for your health. eat up B.give up C.come up D.get up 14. -How do you like this book. -I think it has nothing to_with our study. A. make B.do C.take D.hold 15. -Where is Mr Brown. I have some questions to ask

41、him. -He _the office. A. has been to B.has been in C.has gone to D.has gone in 16.The bus kept the people _for twenty minutes. A. wait B.to wait C.waiting D.waits 17.I believe the scientists will_a better way to heal the disease. A. get on with B.come up with C.go on with D.catch up with 18.-Why do

42、you often _this pink blouse. -Because it fits me well. A. put on B.wear C.buy D.try on 19. Jack always runs faster than Peter, but this time he _him. A. went over B.fell behind C.put off D.dropped off 20. The Internet _it easy to get much new information in a short time. A. finds B.makes C.feels D.takes 参考答案