高考英语 Unit1《Great scientists》知识与要点课件 新人教必修5.ppt
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1、2021/8/11 星期三1话题1.How to organize a scientific research(如何组织科学研究)2Contributions of scientists(科学家的贡献)功能1.Talking about scientific jobs(谈论科学工作)2.Describing people(描述人物)语法The Past Participle(1)as the Attribute and Predicative过去分词(1)作定语和表语重点单词characteristic,conclusion,conclude,analyse,defeat,attend,exp
2、ose,cure,challenge,absorb,suspect,blame,pollute,handle,link,announce,instruct,construct,construction,contribute,spin,reject,cautious2021/8/11 星期三2重点短语put forward,draw a conclusion,expose.to,link.to.,apart from,(be)strict with.,make sense,look into,lead to,at times,be against,be to blame,with certain
3、ty重点句型1.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.2He placed a fixed sun at the center of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.3Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky
4、make sense.2021/8/11 星期三31conclude vt.&vi.断断定定,推推断断;使使结结束束,终终止止;达达成成,缔结缔结归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)conclude sth.(from sth.)/conclude(from sth.)that.推推断断出出,断定,断定conclude sth.with/by doing sth.以以结束结束to conclude(作插入语作插入语)最后最后(一句话一句话)2021/8/11 星期三4(2)conclusion n结束;结论结束;结论in conclusion最后,总之最后,总之arrive at/come to/draw/
5、reach a conclusion得出结论得出结论come to the conclusion that.所得结论是所得结论是(3)conclusive adj.确定的,最后的;决定性的确定的,最后的;决定性的These are facts;what do you conclude from them?这些都是事实,你能从中得出什么结论?这些都是事实,你能从中得出什么结论?The man concluded his speech with a saying.那个人用一句谚语结束了他的演讲。那个人用一句谚语结束了他的演讲。2021/8/11 星期三5After waiting for half
6、 an hour,I concluded that he wouldnt come at all.等了半小等了半小时时后,我得出后,我得出结论结论,他不会来了。,他不会来了。Hable reached the conclusion that the universe was expanding.哈勃得出哈勃得出结论说结论说宇宙在不断膨宇宙在不断膨胀胀。2021/8/11 星期三6【链接训练链接训练】_,Id like to say how much Ive enjoyed staying in your beautiful country.ATo conclude BTo includeCIn
7、 the conclusion DAs conclusion【解析解析】to conclude用于结束发言,表示用于结束发言,表示“最后最后”。【答案答案】A2021/8/11 星期三7We cant _ whether a child is clever or stupid from his(her)points in an examination.Aconduct Bnotice Cunderstand Dconclude【解解析析】conclude.from“从从中中推推断断出出”,其其他他选选项项与与题题意意不不符符。句句意意为为:我我们们不不能能从从一一个个孩孩子子的的一一次次考考试
8、试分分数中推断出他数中推断出他(她她)是聪明还是迟钝。是聪明还是迟钝。【答案答案】D2021/8/11 星期三82defeat vt.打打败败;战战胜胜;使使受受挫挫n.失失败败(同同 failure);输输同类辨析同类辨析defeat,beat与与win这三个词都有这三个词都有“赢赢”的意思,但其用法不尽相同。的意思,但其用法不尽相同。(1)defeat 和和 beat 其其宾宾语语必必须须是是“人人或或一一个个团团体体”,如如 a team,a class,a school,an army 等等。defeat 还还侧侧重重指指“在在战战场场上上打打败败敌敌人人”,beat 常常用用于于游游
9、戏戏或或比比赛赛中中,但但在在实实践践中中两两词常替换使用。词常替换使用。(2)win表表示示在在较较强强的的竞竞争争中中取取得得了了胜胜利利,常常带带的的宾宾语语有有game,war,prize,fame,battle 等等。win 还还可可作作不不及及物物动动词词用。用。2021/8/11 星期三9The problem has defeated me and I cannot solve it.这这个个问题问题把我把我难难住了,我无法解决它。住了,我无法解决它。The party faces defeat in the election.这这个政党面个政党面临选举临选举失失败败。We b
10、eat/defeated them at football match yesterday.在昨天的足球在昨天的足球赛赛上,我上,我们击败们击败了他了他们们。We won the football game yesterday.我我们赢们赢了昨天的足球了昨天的足球赛赛。2021/8/11 星期三10【链接训练链接训练】用用 defeat,beat,win 完成句子完成句子He _ all his opponents in the election.They are always _ but never beaten.The enemys plot was _ very soon.We woul
11、dnt have _ without your help.Mary _ first prize for swimming.【答案答案】defeated/beatdefeateddefeatedwonwon2021/8/11 星期三113attend vt.&vi.照料,护理照料,护理(病人病人);出席,参加;出席,参加归纳拓展归纳拓展attend school/a lecture/church 上学上学/听讲座听讲座/去教堂去教堂attend(at)a wedding/meeting出席婚礼出席婚礼/参加会议参加会议attend(on/upon)sb.伺候某人;照顾某人伺候某人;照顾某人att
12、end to处理,注意,专心于;照料处理,注意,专心于;照料2021/8/11 星期三12Attend to your work and stop talking.专专心工作,不要再心工作,不要再说话说话了。了。Everyone in the office was expected to attend the meeting.办办公室每一个人都必公室每一个人都必须须出席会出席会议议。The doctor attended(on/upon)the sick.医生照看病人。医生照看病人。Could you attend to this matter immediately?你能不能立刻你能不能立刻
13、处处理理这这件事?件事?2021/8/11 星期三13【链接训练链接训练】Would you like to _ us in celebrating Johns return from Africa tonight?Id like to,but I have to _ a meeting.Ajoin;attend Battend;joinCtake part in;attend Djoin;join in【解解析析】join sb.in doing“加加入入某某人人做做”;attend meeting“参参加加会会议议”。句句意意为为:你你今今晚晚想想和和我我们们一一起起庆庆祝祝约翰从非洲回来
14、吗?约翰从非洲回来吗?我很想,但是我得参加一个会议。我很想,但是我得参加一个会议。【答案答案】A2021/8/11 星期三144expose vt.暴露;揭露;使曝光暴露;揭露;使曝光归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)expose sth./sb./oneself(to sth.)显显露露或或暴暴露露某某事事物物/某某人人/自己自己(2)exposed adj.(指地方指地方)无遮蔽的;不遮挡风雨的无遮蔽的;不遮挡风雨的be exposed to暴露于暴露于(3)exposure n暴露,显露;揭露,揭发暴露,显露;揭露,揭发2021/8/11 星期三15Travelling abroad exposes
15、 children to different languages and cultures.国外旅游使孩子国外旅游使孩子们们接触到不同的接触到不同的语语言和文化。言和文化。This medicine is not to be exposed to sunlight.这这种种药药物不可以暴露在阳光下。物不可以暴露在阳光下。The film has been exposed.这这胶卷已胶卷已经经曝光了。曝光了。2021/8/11 星期三16【链接训练链接训练】What made your skin look so terrible?_ to the sunlight for a long time
16、.ABecause it was exposed BAfter being exposedCBeing exposed DExposed【解解析析】考考查查v.ing形形式式作作主主语语。从从语语境境可可以以看看出出,答答语是用来代替语是用来代替what来充当主语的,因此答案为来充当主语的,因此答案为C。【答案答案】C2021/8/11 星期三175cure n.C治治愈愈;疗疗法法;对对策策vt.治治愈愈(疾疾病病);治治疗疗;纠正;去除纠正;去除(弊端等弊端等)归纳拓展归纳拓展a cure for.的一种治疗法;一种解决的一种治疗法;一种解决的方法的方法cure sb.of sth.治治愈
17、愈(其其主主语语可可以以是是医医生生也也可可以以是是某某种种药药);消除某人的忧虑;矫正某人的不良行为消除某人的忧虑;矫正某人的不良行为The doctor found a new cure for this disease.医生找到了医生找到了这这种病的新种病的新疗疗法。法。The medicine should cure you of your cold.这药应该这药应该能治好你的感冒。能治好你的感冒。Parents try to cure their children of bad habits.父母想父母想办办法法纠纠正孩子正孩子们们的坏的坏习惯习惯。2021/8/11 星期三18同类
18、辨析同类辨析cure 与与 treat(1)cure 指指“治治愈愈疾疾病病,消消除除痛痛苦苦,戒戒除除恶恶习习、弊弊端端、嗜嗜好好”等,强调结果。常与等,强调结果。常与of连用。连用。(2)treat 只只指指“治治病病,医医治治”,强强调调治治疗疗的的动动作作或或医医治治的的过程,不涉及治疗的效果如何。常与过程,不涉及治疗的效果如何。常与for连用。连用。The doctors are trying their best to treat her with a new drug for her strange disease.医生们正尽力用一种新药为她治疗奇怪的病。医生们正尽力用一种新药为
19、她治疗奇怪的病。2021/8/11 星期三19诱导展望诱导展望与与 cure sb.of sth.结构类似的动词短语还有:结构类似的动词短语还有:remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事;提醒某人某事使某人想起某事;提醒某人某事rob sb.of sth.抢了某人某物抢了某人某物inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事通知某人某事warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事警告某人某事accuse sb.of sth.指控指控/控告某人某事控告某人某事2021/8/11 星期三20【链接训练链接训练】Although this medicine can cure you_your
20、illness,it has a bad effect_you.Afor;in Bfor;on Cof;on Dof;at【解解析析】考考查查固固定定搭搭配配。cure sb.of sth.“治治愈愈某某人人某某病病”;have a bad effect on“对对产生不良影响产生不良影响”。【答案答案】C2021/8/11 星期三216suspect vt.怀疑怀疑n嫌疑犯嫌疑犯adj.可疑的可疑的归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)suspect sb.of(doing)sth.认为认为某人有某人有(做做)之嫌疑之嫌疑suspect sb.to be.怀怀疑某人是疑某人是suspect that怀怀疑疑
21、(2)a suspect of.(罪的罪的)嫌疑犯嫌疑犯(3)suspicion n怀怀疑疑under suspicion of.被被怀怀疑干了疑干了suspicious adj.怀怀疑的,疑神疑鬼的疑的,疑神疑鬼的be suspicious of.怀怀疑疑2021/8/11 星期三22They suspect him of murder.They suspect him to be murderer.They suspect that he committed a murder.他他们认为们认为他有他有杀杀人嫌疑。人嫌疑。I suspected him of deliberately for
22、getting his purse.我我怀怀疑他故意忘了他的疑他故意忘了他的钱钱包。包。The policeman is questioning a suspect.那个警察正在那个警察正在审讯审讯一名嫌疑犯。一名嫌疑犯。2021/8/11 星期三23【链接训练链接训练】The man_of shooting 6 school children was caught by Beijing police,the Xin Hua News Agency reported on Friday.Abeing suspected BsuspectingCsuspected Dto be suspecte
23、d【解解析析】句句意意为为:星星期期五五新新华华社社报报道道说说北北京京警警方方抓抓住住了了涉涉嫌嫌射射杀杀6名名学学童童的的凶凶手手。suspect vt.“怀怀疑疑”;suspect sb.of.“认认为为某某人人有有之之嫌嫌疑疑”。suspect与与所所修修饰饰的的the man之之间为动宾关系,故用过去分词形式。间为动宾关系,故用过去分词形式。【答案答案】C2021/8/11 星期三247blame vt.责责备备;谴谴责责;把把归归咎咎于于n过过失失;责责备备归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)be to blame 对对某某事事应应负负责责任任、应应受受责责备备(不不用用被被动动语语态态)bla
24、me sb.for(doing)sth.因因责怪责怪/责备某人责备某人blame.upon/on.把把归咎于归咎于(2)accept/take/bear the blame for sth.对某事负责任对某事负责任place/put/lay the blame on sb.for sth.将某事归咎于某人将某事归咎于某人2021/8/11 星期三25Which driver was to blame for the accident?这这起事故起事故该该由哪位司机由哪位司机负责负责?He blamed his brother for breaking the window.他他责备责备他兄弟打
25、破了窗玻璃。他兄弟打破了窗玻璃。She blamed the failure of their marriage on him.她把婚姻的失她把婚姻的失败归败归咎于他。咎于他。We were ready to take the blame for what had happened.我我们们愿愿对对所所发发生的事情生的事情负责负责。2021/8/11 星期三26【链接训练链接训练】The water was left running all night long.Yes.It seemed that John _.He was the last one to leave the lab.Awa
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