九年级英语Unit_3被动语态课件人教版新目标.ppt
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1、1.Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.2.English is spoken by many people.4.Lucky 52 is watched on TV by many people.3.The tickets about heroes are sold out.5.Rice is planted in South China.6.He is said a good boy.语态:表示语态:表示主语主语和和谓语动词谓语动词之间的关系。之间的关系。英语有英语有两种语态两种语态,即,即主动语态主动语态和和被动语
2、态被动语态。主动语态:表示主语是动作的执行者。主动语态:表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态:表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态:表示主语是动作的承受者。如:如:Many students study English.(主动语态主动语态)English is studied by many students.(被动语态被动语态)语态语态 助动词助动词be有人称、数的变化有人称、数的变化,其变化规其变化规则与则与be作为连系动词时一样。作为连系动词时一样。如:如:The desk is made of wood.The desks are made of wood.He is asked a ques
3、tion by the teacher.被动语态的结构被动语态的结构助动词助动词be+及物动词及物动词的过去分词的过去分词不同的时态有不同的被动语态结构不同的时态有不同的被动语态结构1.1.一般现在时的被动语态结构:一般现在时的被动语态结构:by many students.1.Many students study English.English is studied2.They make shoes in that factory.Shoes are madeby themin that factory.1.把主动语态的把主动语态的宾语宾语变为被动语态的变为被动语态的主语主语。2.把主动语
4、态的把主动语态的谓语谓语变为被动语态的变为被动语态的谓语谓语。3.把主动语态的主语变为被动语态的把主动语态的主语变为被动语态的by 短语。(短语。(by短语可以省。短语可以省。by短语短语 后跟代词的宾格。)后跟代词的宾格。)by the teacher.3.The teacher often asks him questions.Heis asked questions1.找宾语找宾语-即动作的承受者即动作的承受者They make shoes in that factory.Shoes2.判断宾语的单复数判断宾语的单复数-即即be动词的单复数动词的单复数.are made3.判断动词的时态
5、判断动词的时态-即即be动词的时态动词的时态.4.修改谓语的形式修改谓语的形式-即原句动词改为过去分词即原句动词改为过去分词 5.修改原句的主语修改原句的主语-即即by+宾语(原主语)宾语(原主语).by them.主变被解题步骤主变被解题步骤主变宾主变宾,宾变主宾变主,谓动谓动be done be done 时不变时不变,人称、数、格随着变人称、数、格随着变They play football on Sunday.Lucy does the homework in the evening.They often use computers in class.We make these mach
6、ines in Beijing.Football is played by them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made in Beijing.Practice肯定句肯定句:主语:主语be+过去分词过去分词(by)否定句否定句:主语:主语be not 过去分词过去分词(by)一般疑问句一般疑问句:Be 主语过去分词主语过去分词(by)?特殊疑问句特殊疑问句:疑问词疑问词be主语过去分词主语过去
7、分词(by)by many students.English is studiedby many students.English is not studied句式句式Is English studied by many students?Who is English studied by?The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made in Beijing.Football is played by them on Sun
8、day.Practice 1.They bought ten computers last term by them last term.2.2.一般过去时的被动语态结构:一般过去时的被动语态结构:was/were+过去分词过去分词last year.2.We planted many trees last year.Many trees were plantedTen computerswere boughtThey built the tall building last year.He took good care of his little brother yesterday.We c
9、leaned our classroom just now.They used this room for resting.The tall building was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.This room was used for resting by them.3.3.一般将来时的被动语态结构:一般将来时的被动语态结构:will be+过去分词过去分词1.They
10、will finish the work in ten days.by them in ten days.The work will be finished2.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.The room will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.We will have a sports meeting next week.Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow.The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.A
11、 sports meeting will be had by us next week.Some photos will be taken by children in the school tomorrow.A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.4.4.含有情态动词的被动语态结构:含有情态动词的被动语态结构:can/may/must/should+be+过去分词过去分词1.Amy can take good care of Gina by Amy.Ginacan be taken good care of2.You sho
12、uld drink more water.More water should be drunkby you.1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw the pictures.3.You must turn off the lights.4.They should learn English well.The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should
13、be learned well by them.5.5.现在进行时的被动语态的结构现在进行时的被动语态的结构is/am/are+being 过去分词过去分词1.Some workers are painting the rooms nowby some workers now.The rooms are being painted2.He is watching TV.TVis being watched by him.6.6.现在完成时的被动语态的结构现在完成时的被动语态的结构have/has been 过去分词过去分词1.We have made twenty more keysby us
14、.Twenty more keys have been made2.We have finished our compositions.Our compositions have been finished by us.表格:被动态基本结构时态时态被动语态结构被动语态结构一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时am/is/are donewas/were doneam/is/are being donewas/were being doneshall/will/be goin
15、g to be donewould be donehave/has been donehad been doneSuch books are written for children.Such books are written for children.这些书是为儿童写的。这些书是为儿童写的。这些书是为儿童写的。这些书是为儿童写的。I havent been told about it.I havent been told about it.没有人告诉我这件事没有人告诉我这件事没有人告诉我这件事没有人告诉我这件事被动语态的用法被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁)不知道或
16、没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁.Its/was said/believed/reported/+that Its reported that about three hundred people were killed in this earthquake.据报道,这次地震中大约有三百人死亡。据报道,这次地震中大约有三百人死亡。(2)强调动作的承受者,这时应用)强调动作的承受者,这时应用by短语。短语。The cup was broken by David.(3)作客观说明时,常采用一种被动语态句型)作客观说明时,常采用一种被动语态句型.如:如:如:如:1.He gave 1.He gave m
17、eme a book.a book.I I was given a book by him.was given a book by him.(以(以(以(以I I做主语)做主语)做主语)做主语)A bookA book was given to me by Tom.was given to me by Tom.(以物(以物(以物(以物bookbook作主语)作主语)作主语)作主语)2.He teaches 2.He teaches usus EnglishEnglish.WeWe are taught English by him.are taught English by him.(以人当主
18、语)(以人当主语)(以人当主语)(以人当主语)EnglishEnglish is taught to us by him.is taught to us by him.(以物作主语)(以物作主语)(以物作主语)(以物作主语)被动语态的几种类型被动语态的几种类型1.1.带双宾语句子的被动语态带双宾语句子的被动语态.(指物的宾语叫直接宾语,(指物的宾语叫直接宾语,指人的宾语叫间接宾语)指人的宾语叫间接宾语)常见的接双宾语的动词有常见的接双宾语的动词有常见的接双宾语的动词有常见的接双宾语的动词有:to:pass,give,teach,show,bring,hand to:pass,give,teac
19、h,show,bring,hand for:make,buy,draw,sing,get,for:make,buy,draw,sing,get,以以以以“人人人人”当主语时,变法和一般的变法一样;当主语时,变法和一般的变法一样;当主语时,变法和一般的变法一样;当主语时,变法和一般的变法一样;以以以以“物物物物”当主语时,在保留的间接宾语前必须加当主语时,在保留的间接宾语前必须加当主语时,在保留的间接宾语前必须加当主语时,在保留的间接宾语前必须加toto或或或或for.for.keep,make 三类的动词常常有宾语补足三类的动词常常有宾语补足 语,语,在被动语态中,宾语补足语位置不变。在被动语
20、态中,宾语补足语位置不变。We keep food fresh in the fridge.主主 谓谓 宾宾 宾补宾补 Food is kept fresh in the fridge.I saw him go into the office building.He was seen to go into the office building.2.含有宾语补足语的句子的被动语态含有宾语补足语的句子的被动语态 不及物动词没有宾语,因此没有被动语态。不及物动词没有宾语,因此没有被动语态。但有的不及物动词后面加上介词及其他一些但有的不及物动词后面加上介词及其他一些词类构成短语动词之后,其作用相当于
21、及物词类构成短语动词之后,其作用相当于及物动词,可以接宾语,因而也可以变为被动语动词,可以接宾语,因而也可以变为被动语态。在变成被动语态时,不能去掉构成短语态。在变成被动语态时,不能去掉构成短语动词的介词或副词动词的介词或副词.They take good care of my child.My child is taken good care of.I turned off the radio.The radio was turned off(by me)3.含有短语的主动语态变被动语态含有短语的主动语态变被动语态下列这些短语本身即是被动语态的下列这些短语本身即是被动语态的形式,不需再加形式
22、,不需再加by be covered with 用用覆盖着覆盖着 be interested in 对对感兴趣感兴趣 be surprised at 对对感到惊奇感到惊奇 be made of(from)用)用制造的制造的动词短语的被动语态动词短语的被动语态 take care of be taken care of cut down be cut down laugh at be laughed at look afterbe looked after即即feel,hear,listen,have,make,let,look,watch,see,notice,这些词在主动,这些词在主动句中,
23、其后的动词不定式不加句中,其后的动词不定式不加to,但变被,但变被动句时必须加动句时必须加to.1.I saw him play basketball last Sunday.He was seen to play basketball last Sunday.2.We heard them sing in the classroom.They was heard to sing in the classroom.4.4.感官动词和使役动词的被动语态感官动词和使役动词的被动语态(1)当主动结构中的宾语是反身代词和相互代词)当主动结构中的宾语是反身代词和相互代词 时,不能改为被动语态。时,不能改
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