高考英语二轮复习 第1模块 语法填空 专题9 复合句精品课件 湘教.ppt

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1、专题九复合句专题九复合句2021/8/11 星期三1专题导读专题导读专题九专题九 专题导读专题导读 所谓复合句，即指含有定语从句、名词性从句或状语从句的所谓复合句，即指含有定语从句、名词性从句或状语从句的句子。这三种从句是湖南高考的必考点。句子。这三种从句是湖南高考的必考点。1 1定语从句侧重考查：引导定语从句的关系代词定语从句侧重考查：引导定语从句的关系代词(that,(that,whichwhich，who,whom,whose,as)who,whom,whose,as)和关系副词和关系副词(when,where,(when,where,why)why)的基本用法；关系代词的省略；的基本用

2、法；关系代词的省略；“介词介词whom/which”whom/which”结结构；易混易错的特殊定语从句的用法等。构；易混易错的特殊定语从句的用法等。2 2名词性从句侧重考查：引导词的正确选用；名词性从句名词性从句侧重考查：引导词的正确选用；名词性从句的语序；的语序；itit作形式主语、形式宾语的用法；同位语从句与定语作形式主语、形式宾语的用法；同位语从句与定语从句的区别以及名词性从句中的虚拟语气等。从句的区别以及名词性从句中的虚拟语气等。2021/8/11 星期三2专题九专题九 专题导读专题导读 3 3状语从句侧重考查：考查同类状语从句中近似连接词的状语从句侧重考查：考查同类状语从句中近似连

3、接词的用法差异；用法差异；whateverwhatever，wheneverwhenever，whereverwherever等与等与no matter whno matter wh的辨析；不同性质的从属连词在不同的语境中所表现的不同意的辨析；不同性质的从属连词在不同的语境中所表现的不同意义，例如义，例如asas既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导原因状语从句和既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导原因状语从句和让步状语从句等。让步状语从句等。解题小技巧解题小技巧 1 1分析整个句子的结构，弄清从句的种类，即是哪一种从分析整个句子的结构，弄清从句的种类，即是哪一种从句。句。2 2分析从句的句子成分，把握引导

4、词在从句中的作用，即分析从句的句子成分，把握引导词在从句中的作用，即是否充当句子成分，充当什么句子成分。是否充当句子成分，充当什么句子成分。3 3分析语境，结合句子的逻辑意义做出正确判断。分析语境，结合句子的逻辑意义做出正确判断。2021/8/11 星期三3真题典例真题典例专题九专题九 真题典例真题典例1.20111.2011湖南卷湖南卷 Julie was good at German,French and Julie was good at German,French and Russian,all of _ she spoke fluently.Russian,all of _ she

5、spoke fluently.A Awho Bwho Bwhom whom C Cwhich Dwhich Dthatthat【解析】【解析】C C考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“all of“all of _”_”引导非限制性定语从句，修饰指代物的引导非限制性定语从句，修饰指代物的“German,“German,French and Russian”French and Russian”，故排除，故排除A A、B B两项，两项，thatthat不能引导非限不能引导非限制性定语从句，故只能选制性定语从句，故只能选C C。2021/8/11 星期三4专题九专题九

6、 真题典例真题典例2.20112.2011浙江卷浙江卷 A bank is the place _ they A bank is the place _ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.back when it begins to rain.A Awhen when B Bthat that C Cwhere where D Dtherethere【解析】

7、【解析】C C考查定语从句。句意：银行是晴天时给你雨伞，考查定语从句。句意：银行是晴天时给你雨伞，下雨时收回雨伞的地方。由于从句结构完整，不缺少句子成分，下雨时收回雨伞的地方。由于从句结构完整，不缺少句子成分，所以先行词所以先行词the placethe place在从句中要充当地点状语，故使用关系副在从句中要充当地点状语，故使用关系副词词wherewhere引导定语从句。引导定语从句。2021/8/11 星期三5专题九专题九 真题典例真题典例3.20113.2011江西卷江西卷 She showed the visitors around the She showed the visitor

8、s around the museum,the construction _ had taken more than museum,the construction _ had taken more than three years.three years.A Afor whichfor which B Bwith whichwith whichC Cof whichof which D Dto whichto which【解析】【解析】C C考查定语从句。句意：她带领游客参观了博物馆，考查定语从句。句意：她带领游客参观了博物馆，这座博物馆的建造工程花费了三年多的时间。先行词为这座博物馆的建造

9、工程花费了三年多的时间。先行词为museummuseum，of whichof which在从句中充当后置定语，修饰在从句中充当后置定语，修饰the constructionthe construction。2021/8/11 星期三6专题九专题九 真题典例真题典例4.20114.2011湖南卷湖南卷 Before a problem can be solved,it Before a problem can be solved,it must be obvious _ the problem itself is.must be obvious _ the problem itself is.

10、A Awhat Bwhat Bthat that C Cwhich Dwhich Dwhywhy【解析】【解析】A A 考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，句中的考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，句中的itit作形式主语，指代该空引导的主语从句。根据该空在主语从句作形式主语，指代该空引导的主语从句。根据该空在主语从句中作中作isis的表语可判断选的表语可判断选A A。thatthat在名词性从句中不作成分，在名词性从句中不作成分，whywhy在在名词性从句中作状语，故均排除。名词性从句中作状语，故均排除。2021/8/11 星期三7专题九专题九 真题典例真题典例5.20115.2011辽宁卷辽宁

11、卷 When the news came _ the war When the news came _ the war broke out,he decided to serve in the army.broke out,he decided to serve in the army.A Asince Bsince Bwhich which C Cthat Dthat Dbecausebecause【解析】【解析】C C 考查名词性从句。句意：当战争爆发的消息传来考查名词性从句。句意：当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定去服兵役。时，他决定去服兵役。“the war broke out”“the

12、war broke out”作作the newsthe news的的同位语从句，解释其具体的内容，从句不缺少成分，所以选择不同位语从句，解释其具体的内容，从句不缺少成分，所以选择不充当任何成分又没有任何含义的充当任何成分又没有任何含义的thatthat引导。故选引导。故选C C。2021/8/11 星期三8专题九专题九 真题典例真题典例6.20116.2011江苏卷江苏卷 It was never clear _ the man It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.hadnt reported the

13、accident sooner.A Athat Bthat Bhow how C Cwhen Dwhen Dwhywhy【解析】【解析】D D考查名词性从句。句意：不知道为什么那个男考查名词性从句。句意：不知道为什么那个男的没有很快上报那次事故。该句中的没有很快上报那次事故。该句中itit作形式主语，作形式主语，whywhy引导的句引导的句子作真正的主语。子作真正的主语。2021/8/11 星期三9专题九专题九 真题典例真题典例7.20117.2011湖南卷湖南卷 Jack wasnt saying anything,but Jack wasnt saying anything,but the

14、 teacher smiled at him _ he had done the teacher smiled at him _ he had done something very clever.something very clever.A Aas if Bas if Bin case in case C Cwhile Dwhile Dthoughthough【解析】【解析】A A 考查状语从句。句意：杰克当时什么也没说，考查状语从句。句意：杰克当时什么也没说，但老师冲着他微笑，好像他做了什么非常明智的事情一样。根据但老师冲着他微笑，好像他做了什么非常明智的事情一样。根据句意可判断选句意可

15、判断选A A。2021/8/11 星期三10专题九专题九 真题典例真题典例8.20118.2011重庆卷重庆卷 To show our respect,we usually have To show our respect,we usually have to take our gloves off_we are to shake hands to take our gloves off_we are to shake hands with.with.A Awhichever Bwhichever BwheneverwheneverC Cwhoever Dwhoever Dwhereverwh

16、erever【解析】【解析】C C句意：为了表示我们的敬意，无论我们与谁握句意：为了表示我们的敬意，无论我们与谁握手，通常都要摘掉手套。设空处后手，通常都要摘掉手套。设空处后we are to shake hands withwe are to shake hands with缺宾语，故排除缺宾语，故排除B B、D D；shake hands withshake hands with宾语为人，排除宾语为人，排除A A。故。故选选C C。2021/8/11 星期三11专题九专题九 真题典例真题典例9.20119.2011四川卷四川卷 As it reported,it is 100 years

17、As it reported,it is 100 years _Qinghua University was founded._Qinghua University was founded.A Awhen Bwhen Bbefore before C Cafter Dafter Dsincesince【解析】【解析】D D 考查状语从句。考查状语从句。“it is/has been“it is/has been一段时间一段时间 sincesince过去时过去时”意为意为“自从自从以来有多长时间了。以来有多长时间了。”2021/8/11 星期三12专题九专题九 真题典例真题典例10.201110

18、.2011江西卷江西卷 Please call my secretary to arrange Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon,or _ it is convenient a meeting this afternoon,or _ it is convenient to you.to you.A Awheneverwhenever B Bhoweverhowever C CWhichever DWhichever Dwhereverwherever【解析】【解析】A A考查状语从句。句意：请今天下午或者在

19、任何你方考查状语从句。句意：请今天下午或者在任何你方便的时候打电话给我的秘书安排会议。空格在后句中充当状语，便的时候打电话给我的秘书安排会议。空格在后句中充当状语，根据语境可知是指时间。根据语境可知是指时间。wheneverwhenever无论何时；无论何时；howeverhowever无论如何；无论如何；whicheverwhichever无论哪一个；无论哪一个；wherever wherever 无论哪里。故选无论哪里。故选A A。2021/8/11 星期三13新题预测新题预测专题九专题九 新题预测新题预测1.Young people who have got jobs may reali

20、ze 1.Young people who have got jobs may realize university lessons cant be the only preparation for university lessons cant be the only preparation for all of the situations _ appear in the working all of the situations _ appear in the working world.world.A Awhere where B Bwhen when C Cthat that D D

21、whywhy【解析】【解析】C C句意：找到工作的年轻人也许会意识到大学的句意：找到工作的年轻人也许会意识到大学的功课不足以应对工作中的所有情况。考查定语从句用法。先行功课不足以应对工作中的所有情况。考查定语从句用法。先行词是词是the situationsthe situations，代入定语从句后为：，代入定语从句后为：The situations The situations appear in the working world.appear in the working world.由此可见先行词在定语从句中由此可见先行词在定语从句中作主语，故用作主语，故用that/whichtha

22、t/which，且不可省略。，且不可省略。2021/8/11 星期三14专题九专题九 新题预测新题预测2.The famous scientist,_a dinner party will be 2.The famous scientist,_a dinner party will be held tonight,is to arrive soon.held tonight,is to arrive soon.A Ain honour of him Bin honour of him Bin his honour in his honour C Cin whose honour Din who

23、se honour Din which honourin which honour【解析】【解析】C C句意：那位著名的科学家很快就要到了，为了表句意：那位著名的科学家很快就要到了，为了表示对他的敬意今晚要举行一个宴会。示对他的敬意今晚要举行一个宴会。in ones honour“in ones honour“为了为了纪念纪念，为了向，为了向表示敬意表示敬意”，whosewhose引导定语从句作定语引导定语从句作定语修饰修饰scientistscientist。2021/8/11 星期三15专题九专题九 新题预测新题预测3.Mrs.Black took the police back to t

24、he same place 3.Mrs.Black took the police back to the same place _ she witnessed the robbery._ she witnessed the robbery.A Aas Bas Bwhere where C Cthat Dthat Dwhenwhen【解析】【解析】B B句意：布莱克夫人把警察带回到她目击了抢劫句意：布莱克夫人把警察带回到她目击了抢劫案的那个地方。案的那个地方。the same placethe same place后的从句为定语从句，表地点时后的从句为定语从句，表地点时用用wherewhere

25、来引导，且在句中作状语，来引导，且在句中作状语，asas和和thatthat均为关系代词，故均为关系代词，故选选B B。2021/8/11 星期三16专题九专题九 新题预测新题预测4._is known to us all that the old scientist,for 4._is known to us all that the old scientist,for _life was hard in the past,still works hard in his _life was hard in the past,still works hard in his eighties.e

26、ighties.A AItIt；whom Bwhom BAsAs；whom whom C CAsAs；whose Dwhose DWhatWhat；whomwhom【解析】【解析】A A 句意：我们都知道，那位老科学家八十多岁的时句意：我们都知道，那位老科学家八十多岁的时候还在工作，对他来说过去的生活是艰苦的。候还在工作，对他来说过去的生活是艰苦的。itit是形式主语，是形式主语，thatthat从句是真正的主语；第二空从句是真正的主语；第二空whomwhom引导定语从句修饰引导定语从句修饰the old the old scientistscientist。2021/8/11 星期三17专题

27、九专题九 新题预测新题预测5._the old mans sons wanted to know was 5._the old mans sons wanted to know was _ the gold had been hidden._ the gold had been hidden.A AThat;what BThat;what BWhat;where What;where C CWhat;that DWhat;that DWhat;ifWhat;if【解析】【解析】B B what what引导主语从句，引导主语从句，whatwhat在从句中作宾语；在从句中作宾语；wherewhe

28、re引导表语从句。引导表语从句。2021/8/11 星期三18专题九专题九 新题预测新题预测6.Living things are dying out quickly.First,we should 6.Living things are dying out quickly.First,we should ask_ destroying them in the past years.ask_ destroying them in the past years.A Awhat part people have been playing what part people have been pla

29、ying B Bpeople have played inpeople have played inC Cwhat part people have played in what part people have played in D Dpeople have been playing what partpeople have been playing what part【解析】【解析】C C 宾语从句应用陈述语序，宾语从句应用陈述语序，play a part inplay a part in意为意为“在在中扮演角色中扮演角色/起作用起作用”。2021/8/11 星期三19专题九专题九 新题

30、预测新题预测7.He told us _ he had done.7.He told us _ he had done.A Athat all Bthat all Ball what all what C Call which Dall which Dwhat allwhat all【解析】【解析】B B句意：他把所做的事告诉了我们所有人。句意：他把所做的事告诉了我们所有人。all all 是是us us 的同位语，其后的的同位语，其后的 what what 引导宾语从句。引导宾语从句。2021/8/11 星期三20专题九专题九 新题预测新题预测8.Doing your homework is

31、 a sure way to improve your 8.Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores,and this is especially true _ it test scores,and this is especially true _ it comes to classroom es to classroom tests.A Aas Bas Bsince since C Cwhen Dwhen Dafterafter【解析】【解析】C C句意：做作业是提高考分的一个可靠方法，这在句意：做作业是提高

32、考分的一个可靠方法，这在涉及课堂测验时尤其正确。涉及课堂测验时尤其正确。when it comes towhen it comes to是固定句型，意是固定句型，意为为“当谈到当谈到时；涉及时；涉及”。2021/8/11 星期三21专题九专题九 新题预测新题预测9.There is plenty of rain in the south_ there is 9.There is plenty of rain in the south_ there is little in the north.little in the north.A Awhile Bwhile Bas as C Cwhen

33、Dwhen Dsoso【解析】【解析】A A while while意为意为“而，却而，却”，表示两者的对比。，表示两者的对比。2021/8/11 星期三22专题九专题九 新题预测新题预测10.I have been keeping that photo _ I can see it 10.I have been keeping that photo _ I can see it every day,as it always reminds me of my college days.every day,as it always reminds me of my college days.A Awhich Bwhich Bwhere where C Cwhether Dwhether Dwhenwhen【解析】【解析】B B句意：我一直把照片放在我每天都能看到的地方，句意：我一直把照片放在我每天都能看到的地方，因为它总使我回想起大学里的日子。考查由因为它总使我回想起大学里的日子。考查由wherewhere引导的地点状引导的地点状语从句，表示语从句，表示“在在地方地方”。2021/8/11 星期三232021/8/11 星期三24