阅读理解之说明文-冲刺2022年中考英语名校好题集锦（广东）（原卷版）.docx

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1、2022届名校最新素材各地模拟试题好题集锦（广东专用） 04阅读理解之说明文（2022广东深圳市高级中学二模）Three Chinese astronauts from the Shenzhou-13 manned spaceship returned to the Earth after completing their six-month mission. One of their major goals was to prepare the station for future groups of taikonauts （中国航天员）who will complete theassemb

2、lyof the space station.Thanks to a new quick return procedure carried out for the first time, Shenzhou-13*s return trip lasted about nine hours rather than the 24-hour trip for Shenzhou-12, with the return capsule only circling the Earth five times before entering its final return orbit instead of 1

3、1 times as in past missions.The Shenzhou-13 crew was responsible for taking out some of the science instruments to be used fbr experiments on the station. They also performed two spacewalks, conducted more than 20 different science experiments in addition to delivering two live educational lectures.

4、Taikonaut Wang Yaping, who gave the first public class from the Tiangong-1 space station, gave two such classes on this trip to Tiangong-2, which were viewed by millions of school children in China.In addition, the taikonauts were sent questions from 20 schools in 13 U.S. states by American school c

5、hildren. The pre-recorded questions and responses were shared with students, parents and teachers at a “My Questions to Taikonauts event on April 9 sponsored by the Chinese Embassy in Washington, D. C.This was the first six-month mission, which will give those on the ground the opportunity to study

6、the effects of the longer duration mission on the taikonauts, especially on the ageing process. The six-month stay will be common for astronauts in the future.Visiting the Wenchang Space Launch Center on April 15, Chinese President Xi Jinping said that the facility serves Chinas new-generation, heav

7、y-lift carrier （运载）rockets and plays a significant role in the countrys dccp-space exploration. The Chinese President called fbr efforts to achieve world-leading standards fbr Chinas spacecraft launch facilities.1. What does the underlined word “assembly probably mean?A. Building.B. Discovery. C. In

8、vention.D. Imagination.2. What is the improvement of Shenzhou-13*s return trip before entering its final return orbit?A. It lasted about nine hours with the return capsule circling the Earth eleven timesB. It lasted about 24 hours with the return capsule circling the Earth eleven times.C. It lasted

9、about nine hours with the return capsule circling the Earth five times.D. It lasted about 24 hours with the return capsule circling the Earth five times.3. Shenzhou-13 astronauts did the following except.A. delivered two live educational lecturesB. studied the effects of ageing processC. answered qu

10、estions from American childrenD. conducted many different science experiments4. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. The Chinese President Xi Jinping visited Taiyuan Space Launch Center.B. Chinas spacecraft launch facilities have become world-leading standard”.C. The six-month stay will be c

11、ommon for astronauts in the future.D. The facility is important for the countrys deep-space exploration.5. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?A. The Online Lectures in Shenzhou-13 B. The Return of Shenzhou-13 to the EarthC. The Lives of Shenzhou-13 Astronauts in Space D. The W

12、orld-leading Spacecraft: Shenzhou-13（2022广东深圳市高级中学二模）A sea turtle swims through the water and spots a white object floating near the surface. t4Yum! it thinks. A jellyfish! Chasing after its dinner, the turtle swallows the item. But the floating object isnt a jellyfishits a plastic bag that could ma

13、ke the sea turtle sick. This sea creature isnt alone: Over 700 species of marine animals have been reported to have eaten or been trapped in plastic. Scientists think that the amount of plastic in the ocean might triple （三倍）by 2050. But by understanding the issue and taking action, you can help stop

14、 that from happening.WHATS THE PROBLEM WITH PLASTIC?First, lets get real: Not all plastic is bad. Bike helmets, car airbags, and many medical supplies made with plastic save lives. Plastic water bottles can bring clean drinking water to people who dont have it, and plastic straws can help people wit

15、h disabilities drink. The problem is that most of us use and then throw away more plastic than we need: things like grocery bags, drink bottles, straws, food wrappers, and plastic packaging around toys. This kind of plastic thats used only once before being thrown away is called single-use plastic,

16、and it makes up more than 40 percent of all plastic trash.WHERE DOES THE PLASTIC GO?There is a lot of trash. Scientists think that 8.8 million tons of plastic winds up in the ocean every year.How does it get into the sea? Plastic left on the ground as litter often blows into creeks and rivers, event

17、ually ending up in the ocean. And because plastic trash is different from other types of wasteit doesnt dccomposeC 分解）back into nature like an apple core or a banana peeljt stays in the ocean forever. That means fishing nets thrown into the sea can trap animals and harmful straws can be mistaken as

18、food.WHAT CAN WE DO ABOUT IT?You can do so much to help keep Earth clean! You can look at how much single-use plastic your family uses by filling out a plastic journal fbr a week-then talking about what you can do to use less. By working together, our choices can help save animals and the ocean they

19、 live in.6. What can we know from Paragraph 1?A. The sea turtle has eaten a jellyfish as its dinner. B. Sea creatures like eating the floating object.C. The sea turtle is not alone to eat the jellyfish. D. More and more plastic will appear in the sea.7. What is the problem of plastic according to Pa

20、ragraph 2?A. Plastic can save peoples lives.B. Plastic can be used only once.C. Plastic can help the disabled to drink.D. Plastic can produce a lot of rubbish.8. What does the underlined word “it refer to?A. Plastic trash. B. A banana peel. C. Fishing net. D. An apple core.9. Whats the authors writi

21、ng purpose according to the passage?A. To tell us a plastic bag that could make the sea turtle sick.B. To call for our action against plastic pollution.C. To show a fact that not all plastic is bad.D. To help save animals and keep the Earth clean.10. What is the best title of this passage?A. How to

22、Use Plastic B. A Story of A Sea TurtleC. Plastic Pollution D. Plastic Saves Lives（2022广东汕头一模）During the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, the panda-themed mascot （吉祥物）,Bing Dwen Dwen,becomes a superstar. People of all ages and from different countries love it. But do you know since when a mascot has bec

23、ome an important part in the Olympic games?The first mascot in the Olympics games was a cartoon character at the 1968 Grenoble Winter Olympics, although it was not an official mascot. This character was designed （设计）by Frenchman Aline Lafargue. The name of the mascot was Schuss. It was designed only

24、 over a single night before the Olympic Games were about to start. The character was like a little man on a ski （滑雪）board painted in the colors of France: blue, red, and white.However, the first official mascot was made public in the 1972 Munich Olympics. It was designed by Elena Winschermann. It wa

25、s called Waldi the Dachshund （Weiner Dog）. Waldis idea first took shape three years before the games at a Christmas party where the designers were given color pens and were asked to doodle anything that they think can represent （代表）the games and the country as well.The success of these first mascots

26、 helped the mascots become an official symbol of the games and they became necessary for every edition which took place from 1980. The mascots are designed to show the excitement around the country and are filled with bright colors to give it a look of a festival.11. Why is Bing Dwen Dwen mentioned

27、in Paragraph 1?A. To show its beauty.C. To lead in the topic of the passage.12. What does the first mascot look like?B. To prove the importance of mascots.D. To tell something about Winter Olympics.713.A.14.A. It was designed over one night.C. It was a panda-themed mascot.15. What is the main idea o

28、f the passage?A. Some designers of Olympics mascots.C. How to design an Olympics mascot.B , It was designed at a Christmas party.D. Its color was blue, red and white.B. The history of Olympics mascots.D. Why Olympics mascots are important.What does the underlined word ttdoodle mean in Paragraph 3?to

29、 buildB. to drawC. to changeD. to coverWhich of the following is TRUE about the first official mascot of the Olympic Games?（2022广东汕头一模）A record 1,101 manatees died in Florida last year, many from hunger. So last December, government wildlife experts came up with a plan to give food to the manatees.

30、They decided to feed them green vegetables like lettuce and cabbage. Ron Mezich, an expert, said, Were making a difference. So far, they have served up more than 193,000 pounds of lettuce to hungry manatees. But as the weather is getting warm, the program is expected to end soon.Manatees are huge se

31、a animals that only eat sea grass and other plants that live in the sea. Thats one reason why theyre sometimes called “sea cows”. Since 1967, Floridas manatees have been on the US governments list of endangered animals. Most dangers to manatees come from humans. One of the biggest problems facing th

32、e animals are boats. Manatees are curious （好奇的）and fairly slow. That has led to thousands of manatees being hit or killed by boats. At one point, there were only about 2,000 manatees left in Florida. With protection, the number increased. In 2016, there were more than 6,000 manatees.However, as sea

33、grass began to disappear, the number of manatees keeps going down again. Warming seas with polluted water have created huge growths of algae （藻）on the oceans surface. The algae blocks the sunlight that allows the sea grass to grow. In Indian River Lagoon, where manatees often go in the winter, about

34、 90% of the sea grass beds there have died off. Long term, Florida will work to help restore （恢复）sea grass beds. But that will take time. Scientists still worry that hundreds more manatees could starve this winter.16. Why are manatees sometimes called sea cows”?A. They are as big as cows.B. They can

35、 swim like cows.C. They have tails like cows.D. They feed on plants like cows.17. How has the number of manatees changed over years?A./B.1967201618. Which shows the correct order of the causes of manatees? death?A. sea pollution growth of algae death of see grass death of manateesB. growth of algae

36、sea pollution death of see grass death of manateesC. sea pollution * death of see grass* growth of algae t death of manatees D. growth of algae death of see grass sea pollution death of manatees 19. What is the meaning of the underlined word “starve”?A. to be hit by boatsC. to die from hunger20. Whi

37、ch is the best title for this passage?A. Manatees Feeding ProgramC. Sea Grass Bed Restored for ManateesB. to eat up sea grassD. to lose swimming abilityB. Money Given to Save ManateesD. Reasons fbr Manatees Death Still Unclear（2022广东东莞外国语学校一模）Ordering takeouts is very popular nowadays because it is

38、convenient. More than 60 percent of the people in China order takeout food at least twice a week. If people dont want to eat out, they can just order takeouts on the smart phone and wait fbr it to be delivered （送达）.What about people living in ancient times? Did they eat takeouts?In fact, there was t

39、akeout as far back as the Song Dynasty. According to history books, Emperor Xiaozong （1127-1194） liked to order takeouts late at night. His servants then went around the city to pick up the dishes and bring them back to the palace.Ordinary （普通的）people also ordered takeouts. Restaurant waiters would

40、go out into the streets and yell out which dishes could be ordered that day. After hearing the waiters, people could then place an order. Later, delivery workers would bring food to their homes. In the famous Song Dynasty painting Along the River During the Qingming FesfiuH （清明上河图，a takeout worker c

41、an be seen on a delivery with food in hand.People at that time even had a special meal box fbr takeout dishes. It was a long wooden box with several layers. People also used warming plates made of two layers of porcelain （瓷）.Hot water could be put between them to keep dishes warm.21. The underlined

42、word jf in Para 1 probably refers to （指的是）.A.eating outB.the smartphone C.takeoutD. a phonecall22. According to the passage, takeout has a long history of about years in China.A.900B.1,100C.1,000D. 2,00023. The underlined word yell probably means.A. throwB. findC. giveD. shout24. Which of the follow

43、ing is NOT true according to the passage?A. Many people like to order takeouts nowadays.B. Only the Emperor could order takeouts in ancient times.C. People can see a takeout worker in Along the River During the Qingming Festival.D. People used special wooden boxes for takeout dishes in ancient China

44、.25. Which can be the best title for this passage?A. Takeout in Ancient ChinaB. The emperor who liked takeoutsC. The popularity of takeout in modem China D. The way to order takeouts in ancient China （2022广东河源一模）It is calculated that by the year 2230, the entire population of the USA will be dangero

45、usly overweight. Nine years ago only one in eight was obese （肥胖）.Nowadays in five Americans one is obese and the number continues to rise. One of the problems is the big amounts of what they eat. The drink and food portions （分量）are so large in America that a new vocabulary has appeared on the menus

46、to fit the portions. Food sizes no longer stop at large, but run through jumbo, supreme, monster and super size.Everybody is not only eating more, but also consuming more and more junk food. And everybody knows what food like this can do to their weight and health. Americans eat about 20 teaspoons o

47、f sugar a day, twice the suggested safe amount and 25 percent more than 10 years ago.Besides, most of the Americans sit at a desk all day, go past a drive-through restaurant, head home, open the garage door and head fbr the armchair, television with voice control and mobile phone resting on the arms

48、. Everything is electric, and everything has been motorized or electrified.The growth of obesity among children is also worrying American health experts. Children are spending long hours sitting, watching TV, surfing the Internet or playing computer games. As a result, 12 percent of teenagers are overweight.The Center for Disease Control has already warned the nation about an epidemic （泛滥）of obesity, but it is hard fbr people to give up their eating habits even if they know about the heal