2021年《大学英语》考试题及答案.docx

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1、2021年大学英语考试题及答案2021年大学英语习题及答案解析（1）第1卷（选择题,共125分）I. Phonetics （ 5 points）Directions:In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letters or letter combinations marked A, B, C andD. Compare the underlined parts and iden-tify the one that is different from the others in pronuncia

2、tion. Mark your answerby blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. A. PenaltyB. momentC. quarrelD. absent2. A. SympathyB. materialC. courageD. analysisB. suggestionC. satisfactionD. situation4. A. donkeyB. turkeyC. moneyD. obey5. 5. A. reviseB. consistC. advertiseD. visitII. Vocabul

3、ary and Structure ( 15 points )Directions : There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C andD. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.6. Jonathan and Joe left the house

4、to go for_ after supper.B. the walkC. wallksD. a walk7. He pointed at the new car and asked, is it?Have you ever seen it before?”A. WhyB. WhereC. WhoD. Whose8. My father asked _ to help with his work.A. I and TomB. Tom and meC. me and TomD. Tom and I9. Nowadays little knowledge _ to be a dangerous t

5、hing.A. seemB. seemedC. does seemD. do seem10. If their marketing team succeeds, they _ their profits by 20 percent.A. will increaseB. would be increasingC. will have increasedD. would have been increasing11. Youd better take these documents with you _ you need them for the meeting.A. UnlessB. in ca

6、seC. untilD. so that12. I haven， t been to a pop festival before and Mike hasn tA. TooB. as wellC. neitherD. either13. _ is known to the world, Mark Twain was a greatAmerican writer.A. AsB. OnceC. ThatD. It14. John complained to the bookseller that there were several pages in the dictionary.A. lacki

7、ngB. losingC. missingD. dropping15. Not until the game had begun _ at the sports groun D.A. should he have arrivedB. would he have arrivedC. did he arriveD. had he arrived16. Moviegoers know that many special effects are created by computers, they often don, tknow is that these scenes still require

8、a lot of work.A. ThatB. WhomC. WhatD. How17. The president is to give a formal _ at the opening ceremony.A. SpeechB. debateC. discussionD. argument18. When I am confronted with such questions, my mind goes _, and I can hardly remember myown date of birth.A. faintB. blankC. darkD. blind19. If they ar

9、e willing to lend us the money we need,all our problems will beA. solvedB. causedC. coveredD. met20. This article _ more attention to the problem of cultural conflicts.A. cares forB. allows forC. applies forD. calls forIII. Cloze ( 30 points)Directions:For each blank in the following passage, there

10、are four choices marked A, BO CandD. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackeningthe corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.What enables some people to get big creative breakthroughs while others only get small and non-creative breakdowns, blaming themselves and society?

11、 Are some people “gifted? Are there other factors 21 work-factors that we have more control over than we think?While nobody can deny the 22 that some people seem to be blessed with particular creativity, research shows that anyone can 23 their chances of coming up with new and original ideas 24 they

12、 would onlyengage themselves more in the process of 25 . It s the oldThomas Edison thing about discovery 26 99 percentperspiration （汗水）and 1 percent inspiration.27 , thestudies prove this:great creativebreakthroughs usuallyhappen only 28 intense periods of struggle.It is sustainedeffort towards a sp

13、ecific goal 29eventually prepares forgreat creative insights.This kindof sustained effort doesnot always 30 immediate results, a fact that not only separates the innovators （革新者）from non-innovators, but31 leads some people to conclude that it is just not 32 for them. Maybe I should have gone to medi

14、cal school like my mother wanted, they wonder when the breakthrough is 33 to be foun D. Alas, one forgets during inevitable encounters34 self-doubt,that the big surprise is never 35 . Indeed, it can happen at any time and place.21. A. ToB. inC. atD. by22. A. issueB. problemC. reasonD. fact23. A. mis

15、sB. reduceC. increaseD. lose24. A. becauseB. ifC. whileD. whether25. A. creationB. practiceC. productionD. achievement26. A. beingB. beC. wasD. were27. A. Sooner or laterB. Some day or otherC. Every now and thenD. Time and again28. A. beyondB. afterC. aboveD. through29. A. thatB. whoC. whatD. as30.

16、A. createB. produceC. inspireD. encourage31. A. tooB. onceC. againD. also32. A. good8. difficultC. possibleD. stupid33. A. anywhereB. everywhereC. somewhereD. nowhere34. A. againstB. acrossC. withD. into35. A. far awayB. used upC. cleared offD. near byIV. Reading Comprehension ( 60 points)Directions

17、:There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by four questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD.Choose the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneDebate is a valuable way to practise communicat

18、ing. It can also bring long-lasting rewards,especially for people working with Western businesses. The main activity of debate is presenting one s opinion and suppmting it with evidence,such as statistics or facts. It is a way of persuasive communication. Charles Lebeau helped create the “Discover D

19、ebate methoD. He says debate is important to understanding how people communicate in Western business. Successful debaters learn how to give their opinkm, reasans and support. What we are trying to do is to develop a kind of thinking or approach to discussion and how to interact （交流）with someone els

20、e s opinion, rather than brush their opinion aside. Debate skills are also important in selling a product, he says. In that situation, the judges are the customem. So on Monday, for example, one company may come in and present their case to the customer and they 11 make as strong a ease as they can.

21、 On Tuesday, the next day, another company will come in and present their ease to the customer. Usually the party that can present the strongest case wins“ Debate also strengthens critical thinking. In other words, it helps students learn to ask questionsand try to understand someone, s reasons and

22、evidence, lift-. Lebeau points out that successful debaters learn to listen carefully to what other people are saying. Then, they look for the weak points in someone else s opinion or argument. He says debate teaches a systematic way of questioning. Successful debaters also learn to think from someo

23、ne else s point of view. Mr. Lebeau says debate can help broaden the minD. There s an expression in English : don t criticize another person before you have walked in their shoes. I think the wonderful thing about debate is, it puts us in another person* s shoes.”36. According to Paragraph 1 ,what i

24、s the purpose of debate?A. To bring long-lasting material rewards.B. To present evidence such as statistics and facts.C. To respond to questions in a systematic way.D. To persuade people to accept your opinions.37. Why is debate important. 9A. It helps people understand others better.B. It allows pe

25、ople to present their opinions.C. It develops one, s thinking and communicative competence.D. It gives one the opportunity to brush others?opinion aside.38. What does the underlined word case in Paragraph3 refer to?A. Container.B. Evidence.C. Problem.D. Product.39. What can debaters benefit from wal

26、king in another person s shoes . 9A. Becoming more broad-mindeB. Developing critical thinking.C. Finding others weak points.D. Trying out others methods.Passage TwoWe all love a hero, and rescue dogs are some of the biggest heroes of all. You will often find them going above and beyond duty to save

27、someone, risking-and at times losing-their lives in the process. Rescue dogs are generally found in the Sporting and Hunting Groups, or from the traditional Herding Group. These types include the Bloodhound, Labrador Retriever, Newfoundland, German Shepherd, Golden Retriever, and Belgian Malinois-al

28、l of which are chosen for search-and-rescue duty because of their amazing physical strength, loyalty, and their tendency for mental stability. These types also have a keen sense of hearing and smel!一to better locate lost individuals-and are often able to access hard-to-reach areas. As highly trained

29、 animals, they serve in many different fields, including specialist search, snow slide rescue, dead body location, and tracking. To overcome obstacles and succeed when performing the demanding duties of a search-and-rescue worker, a dog must display certain qualities. In addition to intelligence and

30、 strength, the dog must be swift, confident, easily trainable, adaptable, and have a high level of stamina （耐力）and endurance. A strong sense of group cooperation and an ability to engage in friendly play during down time is also required of search-and-rescue dogs. A rescue dog goes through many, man

31、y hours of intensive training to be fit for duty. Training is not for the faint-hearteD. Certification training can take from two to three years, working three to four hours a day, three to six days a week, often in group,team-oriented sessions.Each search- and-rescue field requires different types

32、of training.Rescue training, for instance, includes air scenting”一 where dogs are trained to smell the air for the victim s scent （气味）and then follow the scent to the person. This ability is crucial to finding victims trapped under collapsed buildings and snow slide.39. Rescue dogs are chosen probab

33、ly because_A. they are loyalB. they are braveC. they have amazing appearancesD. they have good eyesight41. What does faint-hearted in Paragraph 5 mean?A. Courageous.B. Cowardly. C. Energeti D. Slow.42. Which ability is most important for dogs to rescue people trapped in snow?A. Sharp hearing.B. Swif

34、t movement.C. Extraordinary smelling.D. A strong memory.43. What is the passage mainly about?A. Selection process of rescue dogs.B. Qualities and training of rescue dogs.C. Risks rescue dogs are faced with.D. Types of tasks rescue dogs can perform.Passage ThreeEating an apple a day doesn t keep the

35、doctor away, but it does reduce the amount of trips you make to the drug store per year. That s according to a new study that investigates whether there s any truth in the old saying.A team of researchers led by Dr Matthew Davis, of the University of Michigan School of Nursing, asked 8, 399 particip

36、ants to answer survey questions about diet and health. A total of 753 were apple eaters, consuming at least 149g of raw apple per day. The remaining 7,646 were classed as non-apple eaters. When both groups answered questions on trips to the doctor and trips to the drug store per year,the apple eater

37、s were found to be 27% less likely to visit the druggist for drugs.Trips to the doctor were not significantly affected by apple consumption, though. Evidence does not support that an apple a day keeps the doctor away. However, the small number of US adults who eat an apple a day does appear to use f

38、ewer prescription medications, * the study concludes.Apple eaters were also found to be less likely to smoke and be more likely to have a higher educational attainment than nonapple eaters. While apples do not compete with oranges, they docontain some immune （免疫的）system-increasing vitamin C, which m

39、ay be why apple-eaters visit the druggist less. With over 8mg of vitamin C per medium-sized fruit, an apple can provide roughly 14% your daily recommended intake. Previous studies have also 1 inked apple consumption to a lower risk of Type 2 diabetes （型糖尿病）,improved lung function and a lower risk of

40、 colon （结肠）cancer.44. How many non-apple eaters answered survey questions in the research?A. 149.B. 7, 646.C. 753.D. 8, 399.45. What is the conclusion of the study?A. Apple consumption has greatly reduced US adults trips to the doctor.D.B. An apple a day does keep the doctor away.C. Apples are far m

41、ore nutritious than oranges.D. A small number of US adult apple eaters tend to take less medicine.46. What can we learn from the passage?A. Apples are better than oranges.B. Apples do have some vitamin C to increase the immune system.C. Apples can help cure certain diseases.D. Apples can provide peo

42、ple with sufficient daily intake of energy.47. What can be described as the writing style of this passage?A. Objective.B. Creative.C.subjectiveD.persuasivePassage FourSometimes I scratch my head when I read about the government, s efforts to improve schools:new standards and tests to be applied, str

43、ict teacher evaluations, and threats of school closures and job losses. They frighten the school employees, not to mention the students. Instead of making people unable to solve problems or try new ideas- -which is what fear does to us-research on school reform strongly suggests that policy-makers s

44、hould encourage school leaders to take a more humane approach. In their study on the reform efforts of twelve Chicago public schools, Bryk and Schneider found that enabling positive social relationships between the adults was the key to successful school improvement and that trust was at the heart o

45、f those relationships. Trust in schools comes down to one thing:psychological safety or safety to speak ones mind,to discuss with openness and honesty what is and isn t working,to make collective decisions.Yet this kind of safety doesn t come easily to schools. According to Bryk and Schneider, the a

46、dults in school rely on each other to do their jobs correctly and with integrity （正直）.The challeage is that our expectations are very diverse based on our unique backgrounds. At one school where I taught, each teacher had different expectations about how much effort teachers should put into their wo

47、rk-a big difference between the teachers who left at the last bell and those who worked into the evening. And when expectations are uncoasci or unspoken, it becomes impossible for others to 1ive up to them. We also make assumptions about the intentions behind a person s behavior. As we all Imam, assumptions are often wrong. For example, parents and teachers my think the principal taml particular decision based on his career advancement rather than hat s best for the studeata. dont feel psychologically safe to question our assumptions andeaecmtiatm, trust itiea am the win