2021届徐州市睢宁县龙集职业中学高三英语期中考试试题及答案解析.docx

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1、2021届徐州市睢宁县龙集职业中学高三英语期中考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AA Lifelong Devotion to Keeping People FedYuan Longping is a Chinese agricultural scientist and educator, known for developing the hybrid rice varieties.Yuan graduated from the Southwest Agriculture

2、 Institute in 1953 andbegan his teaching career at an agriculture school.In the 1960s, when a serious food shortage sweptChina, Yuan decided to devote himself to studying how to increase the yields of rice. He then began a lifelong connection with rice.Yuan succeeded in growing the worlds first high

3、 -yielding hybrid rice varieties in 1973, which could reach a yield of over 500 kg per mu （about 0.067 hectares）, rising from the previous yield of only 300 kg per mu. For the next four decades, he continued to work on research and development of hybrid rice, achieving increasingly higher outputs. I

4、n 2020, hybrid rice developed by Yuans team achieved 1,500 kilograms per mu in two growing seasons, a new world record.InChina, where rice is the main food for the majority of the 1.4 billion people, the planting area of hybrid rice has reached 16 million hectares, or 57% of the total planting area

5、of rice, helping feed an extra 80 million people a year.Hybrid rice has also been grown in over 40 countries, including theU.S.,Brazil,India,Vietnam, thePhilippinesandMadagascar. The total planting area of the hybrid rice has reached 8 million hectares overseas.Even after a great success, Yuan never

6、 held himself back from making new breakthroughs. In 2017, his team started to grow seawater rice inQingdao. The rice was designed to grow in saline -alkaline land and survive even after being completely in seawater. His team planned to develop a type of seawater rice that could be planted in 6.67 m

7、illion hectares of saline-alkaline land acrossChinato boost the countrys rice harvest by about 20%. In 2018, Yuans team was invited to plant the saline -alkaline tolerant rice in experimental fields inDubai, which achieved huge success. In June 2020, his team started to grow seawater rice on a farm

8、at an altitude of 2,800 meters in northwestChinasQinghaiProvince. The experiment succeeded.Yuan had two dreams to “enjoy the cool under the rice crops taller than men” and that hybrid rice couldbe grown all over the world to help solve the global food shortage.1. What made Yuan Longping decide to st

9、udy rice?A. A serious food shortage.B. Agriculture development.C. His interest in the rice experiment.D. His wish to plant the tallest rice in the world.2. From the passage, we know that Yuan Longping .A. developed a variety of hybrid riceB. worked as a scientist after graduationC. started to grow s

10、eawater rice inDubaiin 2017D. grew the first high-yielding hybrid rice varieties in 19533. We can infer from the passage that Yuan Longpings most outstanding qualities are.A. modest and outgoingB. honest and creativeC. generous and optimisticD. responsible and devotedBSome years ago a young man appl

11、ied to a large United States optical firm for a job as a lens designer. He apologized for lack of training, but on announcing that he owned two copies of the classic Conradys Applied Optics and Optical Design, one for his office and a second for his bedside table, he was hired on the spot. Perhaps t

12、he story will be repeated some day with Buchdahls Introduction to Hamiltonian Optics as a similar certificate of qualification.Hamiltonian theory describes with powerful generality the overall properties of optical systems considered as black boxes, although it does not describe the detailed structu

13、re needed to construct the systems and achieve these properties. Buchdahls book is therefore on the subject of geometrical optics, but it is not about how to design lenses. It is, however a compact comprehensive account of the fundamentals of the theory written with the lens designers needs very muc

14、h in mind. Every lens designer worth his salt has at some time in his career attempted to apply the broad concepts of Hamiltonian optics to the solutions of practical problems. Success has been sufficiently rare that the theory, as such, has made little direct contribution to techniques for optical

15、instrument design. The failures have been frustrating because of the obvious fundamental power of the theory and because of its conceptual elegance. The indirect effects have been large, however, both in contributing to an understanding of fundamental principles that govern the overall behavior of o

16、ptical systems and in pointing the way to other, more practical, theoretical approaches.Buchdahl approaches the subject not only as a capable mathematical physicist, but as one who with a knowledge of practical optics has made a significant contribution to geometrical optical theory. Buchdahls appro

17、ach has, over the last decade, had a major impact on modern lens design with computers. Thus, he brings to this exposition of Hamiltonian optics a familiarity with practical optics not usually found in authors on this subject.The author claims his book to be non-mathematical, and indeed it might be

18、so viewed by a professional mathematician. From the point of view of many physicists and engineers, it will appear to be quite mathematical. Moreover, this is a tightly written book. The subject matter is developed with precision, and the author expects the reader, at very point, to be master of the

19、 preceding exposition.4. Hamiltonian theory met with failures as a result of .A. newer finding related to the wave particle nature of lightB. very complicated concepts too difficult to understand by most lens designersC. too much mathematical detail in the theoryD. not enough practical information o

20、ffered by the theory to allow for use by lens crafters5. The author of this passage implies that Introduction to Hamiltonian Optics is necessary to .A. the students who are major in mathematical geometryB. those who want to grasp the basic principles of optical systemsC. the lens designers who look

21、for instructions on practical designsD. those who are interested in physics6. The article points out that the great benefits of Hamiltonian optics have been found is .A. indirect ways of learning mathematicsB. a fundamental power within the theoryC. the conceptual elegance of the theoryD. the practi

22、cal applications of the theory in finding new approaches to old problems7. This passage is probably excerpted from .A. a review of a bookB. a chemistry textbookC. an opticians essayD. a general science textCTo show empathy is to identify with anothers feelings. It is to emotionally put yourself in t

23、he place of another. The ability to empathize is directly dependent on your ability to feel your own feelings and identify them.If you have never felt a certain feeling, it will be hard for you to understand how another person is feeling. If you have never put your hand in a flame, you will not know

24、 the pain of fire. If you have not experienced jealousy, you will not understand its power.Readingabout a feeling and intellectually knowing about it is very different thanactually experiencing it for yourself.Among those with an equal level of emotional intelligence, the person who has actually exp

25、erienced the widest range and variety of feelings the great depths of depression and the heights of fulfillment, for example, is the one who is most able to empathize. On the other hand, when we say that someone “cant relate” to other people, it is likely because they havent experienced, acknowledge

26、d or accepted many feelings of their own.Once you have felt discriminated against, for example, it is much easier to relate with someone else who has been discriminated against. Our innate emotional intelligence gives us the ability to quickly recall those instances and form associations when we enc

27、ounter discrimination again. We then can use the “reliving” of those emotions to guide our thinking and actions. This is one of the ways nature slowly evolves towards a higher level of survival.For this process to work, the first step is that we must be able to experience our own emotions. This mean

28、s we must be open to them and not distract ourselves from them or try to numb ourselves from our feelings through drugs, alcohol, etc.Next, we need to become aware of what we are actually feeling to acknowledge, identify, and accept our feelings. Only then can we empathize with others. That is one r

29、eason why it is important to work on your own emotional awareness and sensitivity in other words, to be “in touch with” your feelings.8. How does the author explain the feelings of empathy?A. By giving examples.B. By having classification.C. By making comparison.D. By providing data.9. Which stateme

30、nt may the author agree with?A. Low level of empathy leads to fewer varieties of feelings.B. The deeper ones feelings are, the more empathetic one is.C. Empathy is a way we recently picked up for better survival.D. Rich experiences may not go with a high level of empathy.10. Whats the purpose of the

31、 last two paragraphs of the text?A. To advise a sincere attitude to ones experiences.B To suggest a right understanding of empathy.C. To require a realbond with ones emotions.D. To call for true acceptance of ones feelings.11. What is the best title for the text?A. How Empathy UnfoldsB. Be Open to Y

32、our EmotionsC. Why Is Empathy ImportantD. Accept Your True SelfDJanet Fein, aged 84, received her bachelors degree from the University last week, having waited a long time for her chance to reach that goal.Growing up in the Bronx area ofNew York City, Fein worked at a dress manufacturer after gradua

33、ting early at the age of 16. After getting married, she spent 18 years staying home with her children. She held several jobs through her life, including 20 years as a secretary at a hospital until her retirement at age 77.Fein has had a full life. But even then, she was not ready to take it easy and

34、 rest during a well-earned retirement. She decided to major in sociology because she felt it was “substantial.”Fein took part in a state program that lets people who are 65 and older take free classes at public universities in Texasand kept going to class even as her health conditions worsened. Duri

35、ng her studies, it became necessary for her to use a walker to get around and she required oxygen. She also developed knee problems. So, Fein took online classes to finish the last part of her degree requirements.Sheila Rollerson, Fein scollege advisor, and Carol, the professor told the media that F

36、ein never showed signs of giving up even with all of her difficulties. She would speak up a lot in class and it just made for a more interesting class.Fein has also inspired Renee Brown, one of Feins caregivers. At 53, Renee plans to begin nursing school to further her career.“Renee, you can do it.

37、If I can do it you can do it, and you will feel so good about it,” Brown remembers what Fein told her.12. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. Janet Feins growthB. Janet Feins aimC. Janet Feins job experiencesD. Janet Feins regrets13. What does the underlined phrase “substantial” in paragrap

38、h 3 refer to?A. InterestingB. ValuableC. EasyD. Affordable14. What can be learned about Fein according to the passage?A. Fein lived on little money after her retirement.B. Fein had a problem with her arms while at universities.C. The Internet played a role in Feins university education.D. The good h

39、ealth helped Fein get her bachelors degree.15. What is Janet Fein like according to the passage?A. Hardworking and humorous.B. Determined and generous.C. Positive and patient.D. Inspiring and perseverant.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Do you always concern yourself wit

40、h your kids play dates? Do you send them upstairs to get changed?16Put that red pen back in your purse, because micromanaging your kids is likely to do moreharm than good.Micromanaging or over -parenting comes in many forms. However it presents itself, it can give children the impression that parent

41、s dont have confidence in them, and this can lead to problems. Kids who are micromanaged could also grow used to an unearned level of success, which may do harm to their attitude towards work and life. Parents who micromanage their kids sometimes struggle with a sense of control.17So what should par

42、ents do? For modern parents, it can be a balance between healthy involvement in your kids life and micromanaging. It can be especially difficult to know where the line is when it comes to the internet. We live in a digital age.18To help you walk that fine line, parents should be frank about it. If t

43、heyrehiding their phone or acting secretively, a slightly different conversation about the health of their online activity might be needed.Breaking a micromanaging habit isnt easy.19You could relax your grip in fairly inconsequentialareas, like letting your child decide what clothes to wear. The plu

44、s side is that if you back off about little things, your words might carry more weight when it comes to the big things.20Therefore, you can let yourchildren succeed, fail, and figure out life on their own.A. But like any bad habit, start small.B. Do you like talking with your kids?C. Micromanaging c

45、an be a sign of anxiety in them.D. Doyou stay with them while theyre doing homework?E. You can also form a healthier relationship with your kids.F. Keep your eyes open for the changes in your kids behavior.G. Its important for parents to care about their kids activity online.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共

46、20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项He could have placed it in a corner or could have sold it to a friend down the street or a stranger on a shopping website.21 Dave Kellner, of Riegelsville, decided to share his beloved cello（大提琴）with a youngmusician with ability and ambition

47、who didnt_22_one.On Friday, the 69-year-old man_23_the Easton Area Middle School to_24_present his cello to Anna Smith, a seventh- grader who plays in the school orchestra（管弦乐队）.Kellner_25_the cello nine years ago when he retired and decided to start a_26_.He spent two years trying to improve his sk

48、ills, but the effects of arthritis关节炎）made it 27 for him to go on practising.He could have_28_the cello to the districts music programme. But he wanted it in the hands of a talented,serous-minded local_29_who couldnt afford to purchase a cello. Donna Palmer, director of the school orchestra, said it was difficult to30after narrowing down the field to three worthystudents.31,the instrument was given to a 13-year-old who says she hopes to32the cello forthe rest of her life.Because of his kind act, Kellner will be able to experience the33