高考英语读后续写知识点汇总.docx

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1、高考英语新题型“新”在哪里?L新高考卷取消短文改错题型（部分地区删减一篇阅读）2,新高考卷写作分为两部分：第一部分：应用文写作15分（80词左右）；第二部分：读后续写（150词左右）或者概要写 作（60词左右）25分（两种形式在不同考次不定期使用）。今天主要介绍一下读后续写。01读后续写概要介绍读后续写是一种将阅读与写作紧密结合的考查形式，旨在考查考生的综合语言运用能力。读后 续写就是给出前文，写后文。理论上来说，前文用于阅读输入信息，信息经过大脑思维转换后，形成对前文的理解，理解一 定是建立在确定主旨大意，明确前文作者态度和关键信息的前提下，在大脑思维中建立一个对 前文的理解框架和概括，在此

2、基础上，继续建立顺序思维，确定接下来在理解前文的基础上如 何安排下面继续可能或者应该出现的内容。续写部分内容不仅要求词汇和语言框架的准确使用、语言的润色等，更重要的是，你要明白你 应该如何整理续写内容，以使得其和前文形成统一连贯的、能够表述完整信息的表达内容。续写是读和写的统一，之间穿插了对阅读能力、概括能力、思维转化能力、语言领悟能力、语 言组织能力、创造性思维能力以及对上下文逻辑关系的掌握等的考查。续写对于前文文本的选择应该是脉络清晰，能够为不同层次考生根据不同能力确认主旨信息的 文本。前文的选择一定既要信息完整，可以提炼观点，又要为下面的续写留有余地，考验命题 者的选文判断能力。高质量地

3、完成读后续写最重要的是要通过大量阅读信息的输入，形成一定的阅读思维能力。沉 淀思维，归纳信息，梳理脉络，转换思维，那么阅读的思维能力注定会迅速提升。对续写的前 文的理解是这一题型的最关键部分，多读，多思维，多沉淀，多拓展，这是应对读后续写的重 要环节！02读后续写题型特点读后续写的阅读材料一般以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主。一般来说，记叙文浅显易懂，但故事情 节多曲折动人，故事线索的逻辑性也较强。要求考生续写的部分多是故事发展的高潮或结局。 情节曲折跌宕，线索性和逻辑性较强。考生要抓住故事的叙事线索，依据原文的写作思路续写 文章，并适当发散。写作要求考生在读懂原文的基础上，在规定时间内展开合理的想象

4、，并运用所学的英语知识完 成一篇约150词左右的续写。原文给出10处左右的标有下划线的关键词语，所续写短文应使 用5个以上。续写部分分为两段，每段开头语已经给出。eyeHis eyes were wide with horror.他惊恐地瞪大了眼睛。The dog s hungry eyes fell on my sandwich.那条狗饥饿的眼神落在我的三明治上。He turned his eyes to the door when he heard the handle turning. 听到门把转动的声音，他向门那边看去。Tina shut her eyes tightly and bi

5、t her lip.蒂娜紧闭上双眼，咬了咬嘴唇。She looked her father straight in the eye and answered his question truthfully.她直视父亲的眼睛，诚实地回答了他的问题。He seemed unwilling to meet my eyes.他似乎不愿意与我的目光接触。His eyes grew wide / widened with horror at what she had done.看到她所做的事，他惊恐地睁大了眼睛。She laughed, her eyes shining with excitement.她

6、笑了，眼里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。Her eyes filled with tears.她的眼里充满泪水。She tried to sit up, her eyes fixed on Joan，s face.她试图坐起来，目光紧盯着琼的脸。His eyes scanned the room as he entered.他进屋时眼睛扫视了整个房间。Her eyes dropped to her lap as she answered.她回答时垂下眼睛盯着腿。Tears blurred her eyes / vision.泪水模糊了她的双眼。blur bls: (r) vt 使变模糊I felt tea

7、rs well up in my eyes. 我感到泪水在眼里涌出来。mouthShe opened her mouth to say something. 她张开嘴要说什么。He covered his mouth to hide his yawn. 他捂住嘴偷偷打了个哈欠。Our mouths dropped open in surprise. 我们惊奇地张大了嘴。My mouth started watering when I smelled the food. 闻到食物的香味，我开始流口水了。His mouth widened to a smile. 他咧开嘴笑了。Suddenly a

8、 hand cupped her mouth. 突然一只手捂住了她的嘴。A smile played around his mouth. 他的嘴上挂着一丝笑意。He straightened up and looked at me, open-mouthed. 他直起身，目瞪口呆地看着我。My heart was in my mouth when I walked into her office. 我走进她的办公室时，紧张得心都到了嗓子眼。She froze, her mouth hanging open. 她呆住了，嘴张开着。handShe took the child s hand and

9、 helped him climb the steps. 她拉住孩子的手牵着他爬上台阶。He reached for her hand and held it tightly.他伸手抓住她的手并紧紧握住。They walked along, holding hands.他们手拉手并肩走着。He held the key in his hand.他手里拿着钥匙。He grasped the rope with both hands.他双手抓着绳子。He shook my hands as if we were long lost friends. 他握住我的手好像我们是失散多年的朋友。She s

10、miled and held out / reached out a hand in welcome.她笑着伸出一只手表示欢迎。She put her hands to her cheeks in embarrassment.窘迫之中她用双手捂住了脸。Several students raised their hands to answer the question. 几个学生举手回答问题。He slid his hands into his pockets.他悄悄地将手插进口袋里。She shrugged and spread her hands, That s all I can tell

11、 you. 她耸耸肩，摊开双手说：“我只能告诉你这么多了。”Her hands shook as she lifted the glass to her lips. 她的手颤抖着把杯子送到唇边。A strong hand reached out and caught hold of her arm. 一只有力的手伸了出来抓住了她的手臂。I cupped my hand over the phone so they couldn t hear me. 我用手捂住电话，免得他们听到我的话。He sat with his head in his hands.他双手抱头坐着。They walked h

12、and in hand along the path.他们手拉手沿着小路走。legShe crossed the finish line on tired legs.她用她那疲惫的双腿穿过了终点线。He rose to his feet on shaky legs.他双腿颤抖地站了起来。His legs were so weak that he could hardly stand.他腿软的几乎站不住了。She begins dancing, kicking her legs high in the air.她开始跳舞，做了空中高踢腿动作。After the accident he had n

13、o feeling in his legs.事故过后，他的腿丧失了知觉。The mud stuck to her boots, making her feet heavy and her legs tired.她的靴子上沾满了泥，使她举步沉重，双腿疲惫不堪。Jill crossed her legs and rested her chin on one fist, as if lost in deep thought. 吉尔盘着腿，一个拳头支着下巴，仿佛陷入了沉思。He fell over this time, flat on his back with his legs wide.他这次摔倒

14、了，背部着地，双腿叉开。She sank into an armchair and crossed her legs.她坐到一把扶手椅上，跷起了二郎腿。footHe got shakily to his feet.他颤抖地站了起来。She jumped to her feet when she heard the news.当她听到这个消息时，她跳了起来。She was tapping / stamping her feet impatiently.她不耐烦地跺着脚。She dragged her feet as she reluctantly followed her parents. 她不

15、情愿地跟在父母后面，磨磨蹭蹭地走着。My feet slipped as I was about to shoot and I missed the ball. 当我正要射门的时候脚下滑了一下，一脚踢空。They carried him out of the room with his feet kicking.他们把他拖出房间，他的脚在空中乱踢。He shivered as his feet touched the cold floor.当他的脚一碰到冰冷的地板时，他哆嗦了一下。He likes to put his feet up and watch TV when he gets hom

16、e.当他回家的时候，他喜欢翘着脚看电视。02心理描写 开心My heart is full of joy.我的心里乐开了花。My heart is as sweet as honey.我心里像喝了蜜一样，甜滋滋的。The surface of the calm lake stirred the waves, and my mood was as cheerful as a wave. 平静的湖面激起了浪花，我的心情也像浪花一样欢腾。I couldn, t restrain my joy and jumped into the house.我抑制不住内心的喜悦，蹦蹦跳跳地进了家门。We were

17、 very pleased to hear this encouraging news.听到这个令人鼓舞的消息，我们十分高兴。He was delighted to receive such impressive recognition for his achievements.他的成就获得大家的认可，他很开心。悲伤be in tears 含泪 have tears in one burst into tears fight back tears be close to tearsbe in tears 含泪 have tears in one burst into tears fight b

18、ack tears be close to tearss eyes眼里含着泪水 放声大哭，突然哭起来 抑制住泪水快要哭了He stood silently,tears rolling down his cheeks.他静静地站着，眼泪顺着面颊流了下来。I feel like I am floating in an 我感觉正漂浮在悲伤的海洋里。Her hands were shaking. She was 她的手在颤抖。她快要哭了。It was a time of great sorrow. Words cannot express my sorrow.As he looked at Kathe

19、rine, greatocean of sadness.onthe verge of tears.这是一个非常悲伤的时刻。 言语无法表达我的哀伤。sorrow clouded his eyes.他看着凯瑟琳，满眼忧伤。Their reunion after a long separation brought mixed feelings of joy and sorrow to themboth. 两人久别重逢，悲喜交加。This article brought back sad memories for me.这篇文章使我想起了伤心的往事。Separation from his friend

20、s made him sad.与朋友们分离使他伤心。愤怒fly off the handle 勃然大怒lose one，s temper 发脾气His anger has cooled.他的怒气平息了。He was tongue-tied with anger. His hands trembled and he shouted for half a day. 他气得张口结舌，两只手直颤抖，大喊大叫了半天。Ellen felt both despair and anger at her mother.埃伦对她的母亲感到既绝望又生气。We expressed our disappointment

21、, hurt and anger in the clearest possible way.我们清楚明白地表达了我们的失望、伤心和愤怒。Andy s face paled with disappointment; perhaps with anger as well.安迪的脸色由于失望而变得苍白，也许还掺杂着气愤。He is just mad at me because 1 don t want to go.因为我不想去，他就对我火冒三丈。I m sorry I struck you. I didnt mean to. It s just that I was so mad.很抱歉我打了你。我

22、不是有意的，只不过我当时气极了。Then she stood up, wrapping her coat around her angrily.然后她站了起来，怒气冲冲地穿上大衣。She looked at him with eyes flashing angrily.她愤怒地看着他。恐惧She was too frightened to tell her family what had happened. 她太害怕了，不敢告诉家人发生了什么事。我想我有点惧怕失败。他的心怦怦跳，似乎被吓坏了。我既害怕又兴奋。In a way, I suppose I m frightened of faili

23、ng. His heart was pounding, as if he were frightened. I was frightened, but excited at the same time.Liza was so frightened that she couldn t make a sound.莉莎实在吓坏了，不敢弄出一点声音来。I got scared and I ran and left her all alone.我一害怕就跑了，把她一个人扔下了。I have never been so scared in all my life.我一生中从来没有这么害怕过。Mollie

24、told me what she d done and I was really scared on her account. 莫莉告诉我她的所作所为，我真是替她感到后怕。I bowed my head timidly and dared not look at my fathers cloudy face. 我胆怯地低着头，不敢看爸爸那张阴云密布的脸。My brain is blank. I just want to leave this horrible place. 我大脑一片空白，只想离开这个恐怖的地方。满意The result is satisfactory.结果令人满意。It is

25、 difficult to please everybody. 众口难调。There is always a smile of contentment on her face.她脸上总是挂着心满意足的微笑。Seeing their task finished gives them a sense of satisfaction.看到任务完成了，他们感到很满意。She seemed pleased at the suggestion.她好像对这个建议很满意。I m pleased with the way things have been going. 我很满意事情的进展。He glanced

26、at her with a pleased smile. 他面带满意的笑容瞥了她一眼。Lucy s face wore a satisfied expression. 露西脸的心满意足。It has been hard to adjust but now I m getting satisfaction from my work. 适应虽然很难，但是现在我已逐渐从工作中获得了满足。惊讶We were all astonished at the unexpected news.听了这个突如其来的消息，我们都十分惊讶。The audience was inexpressibly astonishe

27、d at the brilliant performance. 那出色的表演使观众感到说不出的惊叹。A matter of repeated occurrence like this will not astonish people. 这样司空见惯的事，不会使人吃惊。She was surprised that he had no words of blame for her.使她惊讶的是，他竟然没有对她说任何怪罪的话。感动Touched deeply , we被深深感动，我们With tears streaming down her face, she.泪水顺着她的脸颊流了下来，她All t

28、hose present to listen to her sad story were moved to tears.凡在场听到她悲惨经历的人无不感动得流泪。_I was greatly touched by what you told me你对我讲的话使我大受感动。It is very moving to see how much strangers can care for each other.看到陌生人之间这般彼此关照，实在令人感动。His speech was inspiring and touched my heart.他的发言鼓舞人心，让我很受触动。思考An idea flas

29、hed across his mind.他脑子里闪过一个念头。An idea formed in his mind.他脑中有了一个主意。An idea occurred to / hit / struck him.他突然有了一个主意。He looked out of the window, biting his lips, as if thinking.他一边看着窗外，一边咬着嘴唇，仿佛在思考。She was deep in thought and heard little of what was being said around her. 她在沉思，几乎听不见周围的话。The opport

30、unity had gone and his mind scrabbled for alternatives.机会已经失去了，他苦苦思索别的方案。03环境描写the blue sky 蓝天the songs of birds鸟鸣the thundering clouds雷霆万钧的云the fragile flowers 娇嫩的花the green grass 青草the fragrant roses 芬芳的玫瑰the setting / rising sun落日/冉冉升起的太阳Dark clouds were gathering in the sky.乌云密布。The night sky wa

31、s lit up by flashes of light.一道道灯光照亮了夜空。The clouds had spread and nearly covered the entire sky.云彩扩散开来，几乎遮住了整个天空。The sun was now high in the southern sky.太阳正高挂在南边的天空上。The sun went in, and the breeze became cold.云层遮住了太阳，微风有了些凉意。The mist melted rapidly in the morning sun.在早晨的阳光下，薄雾涣然消散了。The mountain a

32、rea is covered entirely in dense jungle.山区完全掩映在茂密的丛林中。We climbed up a winding track towards a mountain refuge.我们沿着一条蜿蜒的小道爬向山上的一处避难所。The mountain top was covered with snow. 山顶被积雪覆盖。The region is uninhabited except for a few mountain villages.除了几个小山村之外，这个地区杳无人烟。Bathed in the sunshine and delighted by

33、fantastic scenery, we headed for the destination.沐浴在阳光下，享受着美丽的风景，我们向目的地出发。考生所续写的部分要有创新性，不是原文的抄写或胡编乱造，同时，还要带有原文色彩（必须 使用原文5处以上的关键词语）。读后续写不是随心所欲地写，而是要在所给段落开头和所标出关键词的帮助下完成续写部分。 其中，段落开头语与传统写作中的开头语类似，在某种程度上引导你的思路向某个方面发展， 所续写部分不能脱离各自的段落开头语另起炉灶，要在其基础上进行拓展发挥。读后续写要求读写并重，需要考生对给定材料精确理解，这样所续写部分才不至于偏离主题。 续写部分的思路和

34、内容并不一定是唯一的，考生可根据自己对上文材料的理解，对文章的结尾 做出不同的诠释。归纳起来讲，读后续写的特征如下：1 .创造性：即发挥想象力，该题型具有一定的开放性，考生需用自己的语言对故事情节进行内 容创造；.逻辑性：即根据已提供的关键信息，按照可能的合理的方向续写，使文章逻辑结构完整；2 .丰富性：即语言能力的充分体现，词汇句法的准确与复杂程度，细节描写的生动性等都将让 故事更加立体饱满。03读后续写评分原则1 .本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。2 .评分时，先根据所续写短文的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、 确定或调整档次，最后给分。3 .词数少于130的，从

35、总分中减去2分。4 .评分时，应主要从以下四个方面考虑：（1）与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度；（2）内容的 丰富性和对所标出关键词语的应用情况；（3）应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性；（4）上下 文的连贯性。5 .拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面,评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。6 .如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。各档次的给分范围和要求见下表档次描述第五档 (2125)L与所给短文融洽度高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接合理。2.内容丰富，应用了5个以上短文中标出的关键词语。3.所使用语法结构和词汇丰富、准确，可能有些许错误，但完全不 会影响意义表达。4.有效地使

36、用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写短文结构紧凑。第四档 (1620)L与所给短文融洽度较局，与所提供各段落开头语衔接较为合理2.内容比较丰富，应用了5个以上短文中标出的关键词语。3.所使用语法结构和词汇较为丰富、准确，可能有些许错误，但不 影响意义表达。4上做有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写短文结构紧凑。第三档 (1115)L与所给短文关系较为密切，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的 衔接。2.写出了若干有关内容，应用了4个以上短文中标出的关键词语。3.应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求，虽有一些错误，但不 影响意义表达。4.应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯。第二档 (&-10)L与

37、所给短文有一定的关系，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的 衔接。2.写出了一些有关内容，应用了3个以上短文中标出的关键词语。3.语法结构单调，词汇项目有限，有些语法结构和词匚方面的错 误，影响了意义的表达。4.较少使用语句间的连接成分，全文内容缺少内容连贯性。第一档 (15)L与所提蟠文和开头语的衔接较差。2.产出内容太少，很少使用短文中标出的关键词语。3.语法结构单调，词汇项目很有限，有较多语法结构和词;匚方M 错误，严重影响了意义的表达。4.缺乏语句间的连接成分，全文内容不连贯。0白卷、内容太少无法评判或所写内容与所提供内容无关。读后续写题型破解写作步骤1 .读文：精读文章，确定文章线索。每

38、篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到 该篇文章的写作线索，如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等，这样有利于考生“顺藤摸瓜（结 尾）”。确定文章体裁和题材（话题）。注意文中的关键词，也就是故事中的时间、地点、人物 和事件。有效的阅读方法是：阅读原文的过程中确定文章的体裁一理清文章的结构及作者的写作意图一 明白原文的情节一阅读过程中注意划线词语（因为这些词语是续写下文的暗示）一推敲已给出 的续写段首，推理下文的发展方向一揣摩作者原文的语气，判断作者的情感态度。2 .审题：仔细审题，明确续写要求。一般短文后面的“注意”都有对此次短文续写的具体要求, 如词数限制、使用几处下划线关键词语、续写

39、段落的首句提示，这样考生才能做到“心中有数，.谋段：在读文、审题的基础上，先仔细阅读续写部分所给出的两段段首文字，再构思这两段 要写的段落大意。根据原文情节和划线词汇确定好段落大意，选出每一段可能要用到的原文中 带下划线的关键词。结合这些关键词，确定每一段的写作要点。增加次要情节，增加常识情节, 这两段加起来要能写出10到15个句子，以满足续写词数要求。3 .初写：拟写草稿，修改错词病句。在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者 文中划线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性及语言的丰富性，并通过句与句 之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。写作时要注意所用的人称和时态要与原材

40、料一致。标 出续写部分中使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语（5个以上）。4 .定稿：写好初稿后，考生要结合原材料中故事线索读一读自己续写的内容。既要确保不出现 与原材料相矛盾的地方，又要做到内容上前后连贯，语句通顺。润色续写部分，使之过渡与衔 接自然，尽量使用高级词汇或短语，运用各种从句、介词短语结构、非谓语动词等高级表达。 标出续写部分中使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语。这一点可以帮助考生自己检查关键 词的使用情况并根据情况做出修改。最后在誉写文字时，务必做到“字迹工整、清晰”。如何写好开头.使用副词（2016 10浙江高考读后续写范文摘录）Paral： But no more hel

41、icopters came and it was getting dark again. Immediately, an absolute darkness ruled the forest.（时间副词 衔接+环境描写）.使用形容词短语（2016 10浙江高考读后续写范文摘录）Para 1: But no more helicopters came and it was getting dark again. Desperate and hopeless, Jane knelt down, tears streaming down her face.（并列情绪形容词）（2016 10 浙江高考

42、读后续写范文摘录）Para 2: It was daybreak when Jane woke up. Weak as she was, she struggled to her feet, continuing searching for assistance. （状 态形容词+as/though引导的倒装句）（2018 06 浙江高考读后续写范文摘录）Para 1: Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse. Afraid that I might hurt the lovely small creature, I a

43、utomatically let out a cry to stop my horse. （情绪形容词+从句）（2018 06 浙江高考读后续写范文摘录）Para 2: We had no idea where we were and it got dark. Exhausted and hungry, I wondered if we could find our way back.1 .使用非谓语动词（201610浙江高考读后续写范文摘录）Paral: But no more helicopters came and it was getting dark again. Feeling d

44、isappointed, Jane had to stay alone for another night.（-ing形式+情绪形容词）（201610 浙江高考读后续写范文摘录）Para 2: It was daybreak when Jane wokeup. Feeling refreshed, she continued to walk along the stream to find the way out. （-ing形式+状态形容词）2 .使用介词短语At the end of the lane, he suddenly stopped.At the sight of the sna

45、ke, the little girl screamed at the top of her voice.3 .使用从句As he walked, he whistled.Although he was afraid, he jumped right in.4 .使用对话或独白（201706 浙江高考读后续写范文摘录）Para 1: The car abruptly stopped in front of him. Get into the car. Paul shouted at Mac.5 .设定情景一（201711 浙江高考读后续写范文摘录）Para 2: We drove throug

46、h several states and saw lots of great sights along the way. 1 looked out of the car window, winding rivers, lofty （高耸的） mountains, sunny beaches and deep valleys holding me entirely in their fascination.（视觉+环境描写+拟人）6 .动作描写（201711 浙江高考读后续写范文摘录）Para 1: The next day we remembered the brand-new tent we

47、 had brought with us. Dad exchanged a glance with me. Why not camp to satisfy Mom?（动作描写+问句衔接） 如何营造故事的高潮(climax)方法1.增加外部冲突增加外部冲突是一种明显有效的可以达到故事高潮的方式。冲突带来紧迫感，将故事推向必要 的解决或崩溃。1）角色之间的冲突（人物观点差异，竞争需要等）如：（201711浙江高考）On the fourth or fifth night, we had trouble finding a hotel with a vacancy. After driving in vain for some time, Mom suddenly got a great idea: Why didnt we find a house with a likely-looking backyard and ask if we could set up tent there? David and I became nervous.开车找旅馆-徒劳无功一-母亲建议搭帐篷在他人后院-David和我倍感紧张，心 有不悦（母子的观点不一）2） 角色与环境之间的冲突如：（201706浙江高考）Then Mac heard quick and lo