2023届高三英语复习语法讲解 讲义：主语的多样性.docx

《2023届高三英语复习语法讲解 讲义：主语的多样性.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2023届高三英语复习语法讲解 讲义：主语的多样性.docx（5页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2023届高三英语复习语法讲解 讲义：主语的多样性充当主语的词解决完五大基本句型之后，我们就要知道主谓宾可以由哪些词来充当。在英语 中，一般情况下，主语在谓语动词的前面，表示句子所说的是“谁或是“什么。如： He likes English.一：中美主语差异1 .英语：物称做主语，汉语：人称作主语我们先来看两个例子：1) From your letter, I know you are worried about your condition. I think the reason you cannot get along well with your classmates is that y

2、ou are new here and you cannot forget your old friends.2)Being the new kid is hard, but dont worry. There are plenty of people in our class who are willing to make friends. Its going to take some time to get used to the schedule and classes.A couple of suggestions for you are always having a friend

3、with you.解析：上面两段写作表达意思相似，都是在帮助对方分析不适应新班级的原因， 但是它们主语的选择差别是很大的。第一段运用了人称代词I跟You,以个人观点来阐 述观点，叙述事物，中式思维明显。这样的建议在英美人看来是作者的态度，有点强 加于人，并没有真正能说服对方。第二段主语没有人称主语，反而全部是运用了动名 词,there be, it形式主语,suggestions等物化主语。表达了做是很难的，很耗时 间，带有比较客观的角度来阐述问题。英式思维明显。因此，我们写作的时候，不要 把主语局限于l,you, we,he,she,而是用物化的主语。作主语的词1岫象名词表示行为品质或身份特

4、征的抽象名词做主语，可以使得句子更加凝练。I was shy, which prevented me from speaking well.改成： My shyness prevented me from speaking well.That I was absent makes him angry.改成： My absence makes him angry.Technology is getting better, which will promote the productivity.改成：Technology advances will prompted the productivit

5、y.Students failed to keep the teachers words in mind.As a result, they are not able to master the new knowledge.改成：Failure to keep the teachers words in mind prevents the mastery of new knowledge.意：我们可以看出上面的抽象名词是由形容词，动词还有小句派生而来的。如： shy-shyness,absent-absence,fail-failure, Technology is getting bette

6、r-Technology advances.抽象名词短语结构的使用比对应的从句结构更加紧凑，简练。2幅灵主语+有灵谓语I had a good idea.改： A good idea occurred to me.我想到一个好主意。Roman Empire fell in the fifth century.改：The fifth century saw the end of the Roman Empire.罗马帝国在五世纪灭亡。He lost his courage.改：Courage deserted him.We walked to the hospital for ten minut

7、es.改： A ten-minute walk brought us to the hospital.我们步行十分钟去医院。The child is crying in the street at dusk.改：The dusk found the child crying in the street.黄昏时分，孩子在街上哭。意：以上的句子把情绪，地点还有时间等无灵名词放句首做主语，搭配上有灵 谓语，使得整个句子拟人化，生动有趣，代替了无聊的sb do sth这种句式，用到作文 上肯定让老师大为赞赏。3 .代词Somthing is wrong with my radio.我的收音机坏了。He

8、 likes English.4 .数词Two of them speak English well.他们当中有两个人英语讲得好。5 .动名词/现在分词短语Dancing makes me tired.跳舞让我很疲惫。Paying a visit to Beijing is a wonderful choice.去北京玩是一个不错的选择。6 .|he+形容词/the+过去分词(表示一类人/事物)The old (people) are well taken care of in our country.在我们国家，老人受到了很好的照顾。The unknown (thing) is always

9、 mysterious and attractive.未知的东西总是神秘又迷人。7 .动词不定式To learn English well is not easy.To study abroad is my dream.8 .it形式主语It is not easy to learn English will.It is a wonderful choice to pay a visit to Beijing.9 .主语从句It is certain that prices will go up.物价肯定是要上涨的。Why she was late for class is not impor

10、tant.她为啥迟到不重要。运用L你刚来到一个新学校，可能有困难，但是不要担心。解析：这个句子我们学生一看到就会以你作为主语来写：You just arrived at a new school and maybe you have some difficulties but do not worry.这样子写的问题就是中式思维，写成了某人干某事。我们可以回顾刚刚学过有八 种词可以当主语，除了人称代词you之外，这个句子可不可以用物称来当主语呢？其 实是可以的。1) Being a new kid at a school can be hard,but do not worry.v-ing做主

11、语2) It can be hard for you to be a new kid at a school, but do not worry.It形式主语意：这两个句子不仅可以看出英语喜欢用物化作主语，还看出英语喜静，用being a new kid at a school,表示状态。而中文不同你刚来到一个新学校，妥妥就是某人做某 事，喜动。所以下次遇到某人做某事，不要急着用sb do sth,还可以思考一下能不能用 其他静态的句型。2 .她一想到毕业就感到担忧。解析：这个句子有一就.，所以我们很自然就翻译成了 She felt worried as soon as she thought

12、 of graduation.这就又回到了某人做某事了，我们想想主语可不可以物化 呢？我们发现think这个动词有名词thought,所以主语由she变成the thought of graduation,主语就由人变成物了，神奇吧。翻译：The thought of graduation worried her.3 .许多年轻人喜欢中国传统文化。解析：中文是属于某人做某事，我们想想能不能物化做主语呢？有个句型是sth is popular among sb,这不就是物做主语了吗？所以果断抛弃many young people are fond of traditional Chinese culture,变成：l)Traditional Chinese culture is popular among many young people.2)Traditional Chinese culture prevails among many young people.