推荐：大学英语六级考试短文写作教材（六）.docx

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1、推荐：大学英语六级考试短文写作教材（六）When water is heated , it will be changed into vapour.John , seeing that his brother was hurt , ran to help him. 或Seeing that his brother was hurt , John ran to help him.Work is done , even by a force acting at a distance.To make the trip more exciting for the kids , Oscar kept t

2、he destination a secret.After the heartbreaking experience , Thorpe turned to professional sports.c) 非限定形容词从句或插入语。例如：At l0 a.m.we arrived at the railway station , where Jane was waiting for us.You know , of course , what a phrasal verb is. I neednt , therefore , explain it now.d) 呼语、同位语。例如：George ,

3、tell Dick the answer to the question.He was a direct descendant of the famous warrior chief , Black Hawk.e) 日期、数字、地址。例如：Chichester began the greatest voyage of his life in August , 1966.The voyage from England and back covered 28, 2500 miles.Please send it to 1932 Hill Road , London S.E. 18.（门牌号和街名间

4、无标点）f) 姓名（姓在名前面时），非正式信件的抬头或信末署名前的客套语。例如：Shakespeare , WilliamEinstein , AlbertDear Philip ,Sincerely yours ,2) 分号(Semicolon)主要用于：a) 两个或两个以上意义有联系的分句中间。例如：Understanding is a two-way operation ; learning doesnt consist in being an empty receptacle.Work is more than a necessity for most human beings ; i

5、t is the focus of their lives, the source of their identity and creativity.Some farmers were hauling water out to their thirsty stock daily ; others were trying to drill deep wells.Not only do lies provide the “help” hoped for by advocates of benevolent deception ; they invade the autonomy of patien

6、ts and render them unable to make informed choices concerning their own health.b) 列举事物，尤其是其间有逗号时。例如：There will be three foreign teachers next term: Miss Ann Smith from Boston, America ; Mr. John Baker from London, England ; and Ms Mary Blake from Sydney, Australia.3) 冒号(Colon)主要用于：a) 列举事物。例如：That wa

7、s a tale of two cities : London and Paris.It may also be said that rational, industrious, useful human beings are divided into two classes : first, those whose work is work and whose pleasure is pleasure; and second, those whose work and pleasure are one.b) 注释句之前。例如：Ive just had some good news : Ive

8、 been offered a part-time job in the computer center.These seat covers are the most durable kind : they are reinforced with double stitching and covered with a heavy plastic coating.4) 破折号(Dash)主要用于：a) 注释性的词语或句子前；如用于句子中间，前后都要有破折号。例如：There is a way to decide any question experiment.Somewhere or other

9、 I think it is in the preface to Saint Joan Bernard Shaw remarks that we are more gullible and superstitious today than we were in the Middle Ages.b) 补充性的成分。例如：Life and death, too is a cycle that goes round and round. I teach because teaching is a profession built on change. When the material is the

10、 same, I change and more important, my students change.c) 总括所列举的事物。例如：The complex operation required new methods for directing the combined endeavors of thousands and thousands of minds, some in government, some in universities, some in private industry all working together for a common purpose.d) 突

11、然转折。例如：One little problem is that a computer cant laugh yet but the scientists are working on it.5) 撇号a) 用作省略号。例如：oer ( = over), its = (it is).b) 用作全部格符号。例如：Marys handbag, the l990s。c) 构成字母、数字或缩写的复数形式。例如：the four as。EXERCISE lCapitalize and punctuate the following:1.the mans papers Betty found in th

12、e attic established his identity It henry bedell company D 11th vermont volunteers 30 years old2.it was clear that dad could do no more than he was doing already farming 80 acres in addition to holding a fulltime job3.now im coming to the most important point but what are you doing over there4.rain

13、snow sleet fog would not trouble the underground world5.during the summer the resort is crowded with tourists during the winter only sea gulls walk the beach6.to a certain extent mankind encumbers the earth7.1ike most wild life deer reproduce grow and store fat in the summer and fall8.the big fellow

14、 was jim thorpe the greatest american athlete of modern times9.the asparagus were enormous juicy and appetising10.i was sure our four kids educated about the west through movies would be disappointed11.i wouldnt mark a painting or a statue its soul so to speak is inseparable from its beauty12.the pa

15、rticipants of the singing contest included students teachers doctors businessmen factory workers people from all walks of life13.is it possible that someday we may seek to add further to our comfort and security by building our houses underground in new man-made caves14.i answered by correspondence

16、that i would meet her at beijing hotel on thursday15.passengers may have one of the four beverages coffee tea milk or soda16.present at the meeting were mr ho chairman of the english department mr brown a visiting scholar from denmark and all the professors and lecturers who had taught us17.the susp

17、icion of deceit undercuts the work of many doctors who are scrupulously honest with their patients it contributes to the spiral of law suits and of defensive medicine18.his slight acquaintance with them he had met them only once made him hesitate to ask them for help（二）并列句中的标点用法1) 逗号+并列连词The clock w

18、as old , yet it was in excellent condition.There was little formality in class , but Mr Stone never had to discipline us.注：）在较短的句子中，逗号可以省略。例如：Many are called but few are chosen.然而有时单个词后面也需用标点，否则表示不同的句意。例如：Again , we lost our way. （而且我们迷路了。）Again we lost our way. （我们又一次迷路。）有两个以上分句时，前几个分句之间用逗号，最终两个分句之

19、间用逗号加连词。例如：The night wind died down , night closed in , the moon came out , and lights came on in the scattered houses.2) 分号They live on the first floor ; we live on the second. (对比)Everyone was late ; the snow had caused a traffic jam. (补充说明)3) 分号+连接性副词+逗号We didnt like the choice ; however , we had

20、 to accept it.We didnt know what to do ; therefore , we did nothing.适用于这种状况的连接性副词还有：consequently，furthermore，moreover，nevertheless等。注：）连接性副词位于句末时，前面一般用逗号，后面用句号。例如：The new seats in the auditorium are more comfortable; the acoustics are worse , however.) 连接性副词也放在句首，后面用逗号。例如：I hadnt read the test very

21、carefully. Therefore , I was surprised that I had done so well.I hadnt read the test very carefully ; therefore , I was surprised that I had done so well.) then 和thus后面不用逗号。例如：The ice cracked and split ; then that boy sank into the bone-chilling water.EXERCISE 2Punctuate the following sentences:1.Th

22、e plan wont work for there are too many things wrong with it.2.The bus broke down as a result we were late for work.3.Martin left a note it said he would be late.4.This is a new watch yet it doesnt work.5.Jim was very tired so he went right off to sleep.6.Business was booming consequently the compan

23、y needed more workers.7.The sky was bright blue with a few white clouds in it and it was a beautiful day for the picnic.8.The dining hall is nice looking the food however is terrible.9.Attendance is compulsory the students have no choice therefore.10.Some people put cream and sugar in their coffee o

24、thers prefer it black.11.Space exploration is costly nevertheless we must continue to spend money on space travel if we are to learn about our universe.12.Astronauts are affected by weightlessness moreover they are also affected by boredom and loneliness.EXERCISE 3Correct punctuation mistakes in eac

25、h sentence by adding a semicolon or a full stop, or a comma plus a suitable coordinating conjunction:1.Unmanned space probes (探测器) eliminate the risk of death, furthermore, they cost much less than manned space flight.2.Praise is like sunlight, we cannot flower or grow without it.3.It was May, snow

26、still lay under the branches of the thick pines.4.The price of serious illness has risen drastically(大幅度地)in recent years, for example some hospital rooms now cost a hundred pounds a day.5.John is short and quiet, his roommate is tall and talkative.6.The window kept banging all night, I couldnt slee

27、p a wink.7.Reckless (鲁莽的) drivers would be severely punished, in fact they should lose their drivers permits for at least six months.8.Jim liked to sample different kinds of food, I fixed some Chinese food for him.9.Methods of studying vary, what works well for some students doesnt work at all for o

28、thers.10.Philip was watching TV, Marie was upstairs on the phone.（三）干脆引语句的标点用法1) 引述动词位于句首引述动词+逗号/冒号+引语。例如：Jim said: “I swim for an hour every day. ”Tom said to his brother, “Put your toys away. Mom will be back soon.2) 引述动词位于句中引语+逗号/惊羡号/问号+引述动词+逗号/句号+引语引语的第一部分若是一个完整句子，引语其次部分句首用大写字母，引述动词后用句号。例如：“Just

29、 tell the boys to get busy, ” their father instructed. “Theyre college men. Theyll do what they have to do.“No! No!” I cried. “You cant sell my books.”假如引语的第一部分不是完整句子，则引语的其次部分以小写字母起先，引述动词后用逗号。例如：“You sir, ” King Gustav of Sweden told Thorpe, “are the greatest athlete in the world.3) 引述动词位于句末引语+逗号/问号

30、/惊羡号+引述动词。例如：一“What offence?” I asked.一“Theft, ” the policeman said.“What a beautiful view!” she exclaimed.4) 引语句子在句末引语句子位于句末，其标点即为全句标点。例如：All he can say in English is “How do you do?”Did you see the words “Are you happy?”上面两句不能写成：* All he can say in English is “How do you do?”.* Did you see the wor

31、ds “Are you happy?”?EXERCISE 4Correct the punctuation mistakes in the following sentences. If a sentence is correct as it stands, write C at its end:1.“On Friday” the teacher announced: “well take up a new lesson.2.“What?” he asked? “do we have to prepare for the camping trip”?3.“How was your day?”

32、I enquired. “Great!” I enthused.4.He greets everyone with “Hi”.5.“You may think I have a lot of garbage in these bags.” One shopping-bag lady volunteered in a church soup kitchen. “but its everything I need.”6.Who wrote “You fools!” on the blackboard?7.“It pains me,” I said. “To find that you both h

33、ave been panhandling so long that it no longer embarrasses you.8.Retirement often brings many problems surrounding the “What do I do with myself” question? even though there may be no financial worries.EXERCISE 5Capitalize and punctuate the following passages:1.London Fireat one oclock on september

34、2 1666 the great fire of London started in side a bakers shop in pudding lane it lasted five days and nearly 80of all the buildings within the London wall were razed according to the official report l3200 houses 87 parish churches over 400 streets and the enormous old st pauls cathedral one of the w

35、onders of the medieval world were in ruins out of Londons 450 acres only 75 remained untouched.robert hubert a French watchmaker from rouen was accused of the fire the sentence said he had deliberately started the fire after he was hanged it was conclusively proved that he had not even arrived in Lo

36、ndon until two days after the fire broke out2.Mountain-Climbing and Sight-Seeingmr jones was very fond of climbing mountains so one year he went to switzerland for his holidays after he had climbed some easy mountains he decided one day to climb a more difficult one but he did not want to go up it a

37、lone so he found a good swiss guide who had often climbed that mountainat first it was not a difficult climb but then they came to a place which was not so easy the guide stopped turned round and warned mr jones be careful here he said this is a dangerous place you can easily fall and if you do you

38、will fall straight down a very long way but he continued calmly if you do fall here dont forget to look to the right while you are going down there is a quite extraordinarily beautiful view there much more beautiful than the one you can see from here3.The Road to Happinessit is the simple things tha

39、t really matter if a man delights in his wife and children has success in work and finds pleasure in the alternation of day and night spring and autumn he will be happy whatever his philosophy may be if on the other hand he finds his wife hateful his childrens noiseunendurable and the office a night

40、mare if in the daytime he longs for night and at night he sighs for the light of day then what he needs is not a new philosophy but a new pattern of life a different diet or more exercise man is an animal and his happiness depends on his physiology more than he likes to think unhappy business men I am convinced would increase their happiness more by walking six miles every day than by any conceivable change of philosophy