高考英语语法-定语从句课件.pptx

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1、English GrammarLecture 6Major ContentsLecture 1 Introduction to NEGLecture 2 Non-finite verb(infinitive,-ing/-ed participles)Lecture 3 Subject-verb concordLecture 4 DeterminersLecture 5 Tense,aspect,voice and moodLecture 6 Relative clauseLecture 7 Cohesion and coherenceLecture 8 Sentence patterns(It

2、-pattern,coordination/subordination,conditional sentence,postponement/fronting/inversion,comparison)Lecture 6 Relative Clause1.Peer discussionuComments on Essay 3uPassage correction1.Definition of Relative ClauselA relative clause is a clause that is introduced by a relative word by a relative prono

3、un or by a relative determiner or by a relative adverb uI shall never forget the day when I entered the university.antecedentRelative clauseby a relative pronounSubstitute sb.Substitute sth.Substitute sb./sth.As subjectwhowhichthatAs objectwhomwhichthatAs attributiveWhose(of whom)Whose(of which)u ex

4、ampleslHe is a man who/that means what he says.lPeople whose dog bite other people should keep them tied up.lThe few points(which/that)the president stressed in his report are very important indeed.by a relative adverbRelative adverbsSubstituted antecedentfunctionswhenNouns denoting timeAdverbial of

5、 timewhereNouns denoting placeAdverbial of placewhyreasonsAdverbial of reasonExamples In the years when(that/in which)food was not enough many people were starved to death.The next day John went with me to the railway station,where I bought a ticket for Beijing.That is the reason why(that/for which)

6、I am not in favor of the plan.2.Only“that”in use,not“which,who,whom”nMuch that I learned in the book is very useful.nProfessor Li has told us something that we should do in the summer vacation.p Antecedent:all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much,none,few2.Only“that”in use,not“which,who

7、,whom”nThis is most interesting film that has been produced in recent years.nThe first thing I am going to do is to write to my parents.p ordinal numeral /superlative degree+Antecedent2.Only“that”in use,not“which,who,whom”nThis is the very book that I have been looking for.nThere is no person that d

8、oesnt make mistakes.p no/every/some/only/very/much+Antecedent2.Only“that”in use,not“which,who,whom”nThey are talking about the teachers and schools that they had visited.nLook at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.pTwo antecedents(sb.+sth./animal)2.Only“that”in use,not“which,who,w

9、hom”nI know the difference(that)there is between you.nThe number of mistakes(that)there are in this homework is simply surprising.p antecedent+(that)there be3.Relative pronoun:butnThere is no rule but has some exceptions.nThere are very few but admire his talent.p but=that(which/who)not;用于用于no 后后4.R

10、elative pronoun:thannYou spent more money than was intended to be spent.nHe spends more money than he earns.nThe earth revolves a little more rapidly than it is closer to the sun.p than=comparative adj.+antecedent5.Relative adverbnThis is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.nThe first time(

11、that)I entered the college was in 1988.p ordinal numeral/last+time+(that)ptime+that/when6.Relative pron.nWe admire the way he solved the problem.nIn general,the way people think about themselves has a profound effect on all areas of their lives.p the way+that/in which7.Restrictive/non-restrictive re

12、lative clausenThe authors who(whom/that)he mentioned are well-known.nHe is the man who has strong personality.p restrictive relative clause7.Restrictive/non-restrictive relative clausenThe clock,which my great-grandfather bought,is still in good order.nHe is going to the golf course,where he intends

13、 to put in some practice.p non-restrictive relative clause8.The same as/suchas/asas/soasnI lend you such books as will interest you.nShe knew he felt just the same as she did.nSuch people as you describe are rare nowadays.nHere is so big a stone as no man can lift.pRelative adverb:as8.As/whichpAs:1）

14、代替主句整个或部分内容；）代替主句整个或部分内容；2)引导引导的非限制性定语从句可位于句首、句中或句的非限制性定语从句可位于句首、句中或句尾；尾；3）当）当as在其引导的从句中充当主语时，在其引导的从句中充当主语时，其位于动词通常是其位于动词通常是be或其他系动词以及被动或其他系动词以及被动语态，此时若语态，此时若as引导的定语从句不在句首，引导的定语从句不在句首，as 和和which可互换。可互换。Which：引导的非限制性定语从句不能位于：引导的非限制性定语从句不能位于句首；句首；9.prep.+relative pron.pThis is the largest clock in the

15、 world,of which the minute hand/the minute hand of which is six meters long.pThese are the conditions(which/that)he cant put up with.At the scene there were two cigarettes left,one of which was stained with lipstick.10.Double relative clausepReferring to a postmodifier composed of two relative claus

16、es that share one and the same antecedent.The two clauses may be on the same rank of structure and are connected by a coordinator.pYou will easily find us;just look for a house whose windows need washing and whose fence needs repairing.10.Double relative clausepTwo clauses may also be placed on diff

17、erent levels.She is the only girl I know who can play the guitar.(Here the first relative clause modifies“the only girl”,while the second relative clause modifies“the only girl I know”)11.Embedded relative clausepIt is a clause that functions both as the postmodifier of a noun phrase in the main cla

18、use and as the object of another inserted clause,i.e.,the relative clause is embedded in another clause.She has an adopted child who she says was an orphan.(Here the who-clause is at once the postmodifier of“an adopted child”and the object of“she says”)1)Ex.33A-33D2)Preview Determiners Lecture 8 Sentence patterns(It-pattern,coordination/subordination,conditional sentence,postponement/fronting/inversion,comparison)AssignmentsTo be continued.