状语从句用法详解.ppt
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1、状语从句用法详解状语从句用法详解万源中学高一英语备课组万源中学高一英语备课组说到状语从句,您知道有哪些状语从句吗?说到状语从句,您知道有哪些状语从句吗?说到状语从句,您知道有哪些状语从句吗?说到状语从句,您知道有哪些状语从句吗?一、时间状语从句一、时间状语从句 二、地点状语从句二、地点状语从句 三、方式状语从句三、方式状语从句四、程度状语从句四、程度状语从句五、原因状语从句五、原因状语从句六、结果状语从句六、结果状语从句七、目的状语从句七、目的状语从句八、条件状语从句八、条件状语从句九、让步状语从句九、让步状语从句十、比较状语从句十、比较状语从句1时时间间状状语语从从句句通通常常用用下下列列从
2、从属属连连词词来来引引导导:after,before,as,once,till,until,(ever)since,when,whenever,while,now(that),aslongas,assoonas。如:如:Now(that)youvegrownup,youmuststopthischildishbehaviour.Wheneverwemetwithdifficulties,theycametohelpus.Comeandseeuswheneveryouhavetime.Peopledonotknowthevalueofhealthtilltheyloseit.2有有些些词词,如如
3、immediately,directly,instantly等等,当当用用于于assoonas意义时,也可以引导时间状语从句,如:意义时,也可以引导时间状语从句,如:IgotintouchwithhimimmediatelyIreceivedhisletter.Mysistercamedirectlyshegotmymessage.Themachinewillstartinstantlyyoupressthebutton.IlltelephoneyoudirectlyIhearthenews.Willyoulookforitimmediatelyyougetthere?3某某些些表表示示时时间
4、间的的名名词词词词组组,如如the(very)moment(=assoonas),theminute(=assoonas),theinstant(=assoonas),theday,theyear,themorning,everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime等等,也可以引导时间状语从句,如:也可以引导时间状语从句,如:Illtellyouaboutitthemomentyoucome.IstartedtheinstantIheardthereport.Theinstantshesawhimsheknewhewasherbrother.Everytime
5、Icatchacold,Ihavepaininmyback.ImgoingtoseehimnexttimehecomestoShenzhen.HeleftEuropetheyearWorldWarbrokeout.HehadimpressedmethatwaythefirsttimeImethim.IstartedtheverymomentIgotyourletter.Illtellhimtheminute(that)hegetshere.4有些关联从属连词,如有些关联从属连词,如nosoonerthan/hardlywhen/scarcelywhen/barelywhen等,也能引导等,也能
6、引导时间状语从句。时间状语从句。如果把如果把nosooner,hardly,scarcely,barely置于句首,置于句首,它所连带的这部分就要倒装,如:它所连带的这部分就要倒装,如:Shehadnosoonerheardthenewsthanshefainted.Nosoonerhadsheheardthenewsthanshefainted.Theyhadhardlystartedtoworkwhenthetroublebegan.Hardlyhadtheystartedtoworkwhenthetroublebegan.Hehadscarcelyenteredtheroomwhenth
7、ephonerang.Scarcelyhadheenteredtheroomwhenthephonerang.1方式状语从句通常由方式状语从句通常由as,asif,asthough来引导,如:来引导,如:YoumustdotheexercisesasIshowyou.Pleasedoexactlyasyourdoctorsays.Itlooksasifitmightsnow/isgoingtosnow.Heactedas/thoughnothinghadhappened.Hewalkedasifhewas/weredrunk.Marywasbehavingasthoughshehadntgro
8、wnup.2在在非非正正式式文文体体或或口口语语中中,也也可可用用theway(that)(=as=inthewayinwhich),how,like等来引导,如:等来引导,如:JeandoesntdoitthewayIdo.SheisdoingherworkthewayIlikeitdone.Youcandothejobhowyoulike.The landlord was watching him like(=just as)a cat watches amouse.Doyoumakebreadlikeyoumakecakes?程程度度状状语语从从句句可可用用 to such an ext
9、ent that/to such a degree that 来引导,如:来引导,如:The temperature rose to such an extent that the firemen had to leave the burning building.The temperature lowered to such a degree that the water froze.试比较:试比较:The temperature rose so high that the firemen had to leave the burning building.The temperature l
10、owered so much that the water froze.从以上例句可以看出,程度状语从句往往也表示达到某种程度从以上例句可以看出,程度状语从句往往也表示达到某种程度时所引出的结果,所以程度状语从句和结果状语从句在意义上有相时所引出的结果,所以程度状语从句和结果状语从句在意义上有相通之处。通之处。1 1引引引引导导导导原原原原因因因因状状状状语语语语从从从从句句句句最最最最常常常常用用用用的的的的连连连连词词词词是是是是 because,because,since,since,和和和和asas,所所所所引引引引导导导导的的的的从从从从句句句句可可可可以以以以放放放放在在在在主主主
11、主句句句句之之之之前前前前,也也也也可可可可放放放放在在在在主主主主句句句句之之之之后后后后。其中其中其中其中 becausebecause语势最强,语势最强,语势最强,语势最强,sincesince次之,次之,次之,次之,asas又次之。又次之。又次之。又次之。because通通常常表表示示说说话话人人认认为为这这种种理理由由或或原原因因是是听听话话人人所所不不知知道道的的,全全句句强强调调的的重重点点在在原原因因上上,不不在在主主句句表表示示的的结结果果上上。回回答答why提提出出的的问问题题时时,只只能能用用because;在在强强调调句句型型中中也也只只能能用用because从从句,不
12、能用句,不能用since,as等,如:等,如:BecauseIcantseeverywell,Ihavetositnearthefront.Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidntgowithus.Itisbecausehewasillthathedidntcome.since和和as引引导导的的句句子子,重重点点在在主主句句的的内内容容,其其原原因因或或理理由由在在说说话话人人看看来来已已很很明明显显,或或已已为为听听话话人人所所熟熟悉悉,since和和as只只是是一一种种附附带的说明原因,不是对原因进行强调,如:带的说明原因,不是对原因进行强调,如:Asheiswor
13、kinghard,heislikelytosucceed.Sincehecantanswerthequestion,youdbetterasksomeoneelse.As/Sincehewasnotathome,Ispoketohisbrother.Sinceyouinsist,Iwillreconsiderthematter.Ashewasinahurry,helefthisbagathome.for是并列连词,是并列连词,它引导的句子只能后置它引导的句子只能后置。表示因果关系时,可。表示因果关系时,可以和以和because换用;但当它用于对主句的内容加以解释或推断时,换用;但当它用于对主句
14、的内容加以解释或推断时,不能用不能用because代替,如:代替,如:Hecouldnthaveseenme,because/forIwasnothere.Thegroundiswet,for/becauseitrainedlastnight.Itrainedlastnight,forthegroundiswetthismorning.because之前可以加上之前可以加上simply,only,just等强调词,如:等强调词,如:Youshouldntgetangryjustbecausesomepeoplespeakillofyou.2复复合合连连词词也也可可以以引引导导原原因因状状语语从
15、从句句,这这些些连连词词有有:now(that),seeing(that),considering(that),forthereasonthat,byreasonthat,forfearthat,that等,如:等,如:Now(that)(=Since)youmentionit,Idoremember.Now(that)heisabsent,youllhavetodotheworkbyyourself.Now(=Since)therainhasstopped,letsstart.Seeing(that)alltheguestshavearrived,letshavedinner.Conside
16、ringthattheyarejustbeginners,theyaredoingquiteagoodjob.Shedidntgoforfearthatshewouldgetlost.Hehasdoneverywell,considering(that)hehasnoexperience.Ihaventfinishedwritingthereportyet,notthat(=notbecause)Idislikethework,butthat(=butbecause)Ihavenottime.3在在“主语主语+be+形容词形容词+that”句型中,主语句型中,主语通常是人,形容词通常为:通常是
17、人,形容词通常为:glad,happy,pleased,sorry等表示感情的形容词,这时等表示感情的形容词,这时that可以看作可以看作原因状语从句,如:原因状语从句,如:Wearegladthat(=because)wehavereapedanotherbumperharvest.Imglad(that)youareallright.Wearesurethatourteamwillwin.Impleasedthatyouhavedecidedtocome.结结果果状状语语从从句句往往往往放放在在主主句句之之后后,通通常常主主句句是是因因,从从句句是是果果,这这和原因状语从句刚好相反,如:和
18、原因状语从句刚好相反,如:Hewasill,sothathedidntcome.Hedidntcomebecausehewasill.1结结果果状状语语从从句句通通常常用用下下列列连连词词引引导导:sothat,such(a)that,suchthat,sothat,that等,如:等,如:Hewassoangrythathelefttheroomwithoutsayingaword.ThebookiswritteninsuchsimpleEnglishthatwebeginnerscanunderstanditwithoutmuchdifficulty.Itwassuchabadaccide
19、ntthatseveralpeoplegotinjured.Hisdiligencewassuchthathemadegreatprogress.Hedidntplanhistimewell,sothathedidntfinishtheworkintime.Sheworriedsothatshecouldhardlyeathersupper.WhathaveIdonethatyoushouldbesoangrywithme?2应注意的几个问题:应注意的几个问题:在在非非正正式式文文体体中中,由由sothat,such(a)that引引导导的的结结果果状状语语从从句句,往往往往可可以以省省略略连
20、连词词that,这这时时,从从句句之之前前往往往往用用逗逗号号与与主主句句隔隔开,在口语中则用停顿表示省略。开,在口语中则用停顿表示省略。Hewassotired(,)(that)hecouldhardlystand.Peterissuchagoodboy(,)(that)heislovedbyeverybody.Youwalksofast(that)Icantkeeppacewithyou.Weleftinsuchahurry(that)weforgottolockthedoor.Hewassorude(that)sherefusedtospeaktohim.当当so修饰动词时,后面应稍停顿
21、,如:修饰动词时,后面应稍停顿,如:Hisheartbeatsothathecouldhardlybreathe.Sheworriedsothatshecouldhardlyeathersupper.当当so位于句首时,主句的语序应倒装,如:位于句首时,主句的语序应倒装,如:Sobadlywasheinjuredthathehadtogotothehospital.SosmallwasthemarkthatIcouldhardlyseeit.1目目的的状状语语从从句句通通常常使使用用的的连连词词有有:sothat,inorderthat,that,so。否定的句式常用否定的句式常用lest,i
22、ncase,forfearthat来引导。来引导。目目的的状状语语从从句句中中一一般般要要有有can,may,could,might,will,would,should等情态动词,如:等情态动词,如:Bringitcloser(so)thatImayseeitbetter.IputdownhisaddressforfearthatIshouldforgetit.The teacher must speak clearly so that his students can/mayunderstandwell.Wellsitnearerthefrontsowecanhearbetter.(非正式或
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