定语从句,宾语从句优质课.ppt

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1、定语从句定语从句范县颜村铺乡第一中学范县颜村铺乡第一中学 梁俊响梁俊响The Attributive ClauseThe boy who likes English is Li Ming.The boy is Li Ming.The boy likes English句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰the boy,叫做定语从句叫做定语从句定语从句是在复合句中充当定语的句子，定语从句是在复合句中充当定语的句子，修饰前面的名词或代词修饰前面的名词或代词.概念概念:The boy who likes English is Li Ming.定语从句定语从句先行词先行词被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫被定语从

2、句修饰的名词或代词叫_.先行词先行词连接定语从句的词叫连接定语从句的词叫.关系词关系词关系词关系词请指出下列定语从句中的先行词请指出下列定语从句中的先行词 ，从句，从句 ，和关系词，和关系词 。1、I like music that I can dance to.2、I prefer students that work hard.3、I hate TV shows which are boring.4、The book which is written in English belongs to me.5、The boys who are playing soccer over there

3、come from Class Eight.关系词关系词关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词who,whom，that,which,whose,when,Wherewhy1.This is the man who helped me.2.The doctor who you are looking for is in the room.Who 指人，作主语、宾语。作主语、宾语。作宾语可省略作宾语可省略3.The man who/whom I talked with is our teacher.4.The man with whom I talked is our teacher.Whom 指人，

4、做宾语或介词的宾语指人，做宾语或介词的宾语（作宾语可省略，但介词提前则不（作宾语可省略，但介词提前则不能省略）能省略）5.The man who/that is speaking at the meeting is a worker.6.Its a book that/which I bought yesterday.that 指人、物，作主语、宾语指人、物，作主语、宾语.作宾语可省略作宾语可省略7.The silk which is produced in Hangzhou sells well.9.Is this the library from which you borrow book

5、s?which 指物，作主语、宾语指物，作主语、宾语.作宾语可省略作宾语可省略,但介词前提时不能省略。但介词前提时不能省略。8.Is this the library which/that you borrow books from?10.I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.11.Its a book whose cover is blue.=Its a book of which cover is blue.=I know the girl of whom mother is a teacher.Whose 作定语，指人、物，先行词作定语，指人

6、、物，先行词与与whose后面的名词构成所属关系，后面的名词构成所属关系，指人时可与指人时可与of whom 互换，指物时可互换，指物时可与与of which互换互换 只能用只能用that,不能用不能用which的情况：的情况：(1)先行词为先行词为all,everything，anything，nothing,something,nothing,few,little,much,the one等等不定代词时。不定代词时。(2)先行词被形容词最高级所修饰或被先行词被形容词最高级所修饰或被the only,the very,the last,any,few,little,no,all,one of

7、 等修等修饰时。饰时。(3)先行词为数词或被序数词（含先行词为数词或被序数词（含 last)修饰时。修饰时。（4）先行词是并列词组既有人又有物时。）先行词是并列词组既有人又有物时。(5)在以在以who,which开头的句子中为了避免重复。开头的句子中为了避免重复。口诀：口诀：不定代词这一伙，全用不定代词这一伙，全用that准没错；准没错；先行词前有修饰，千万不能用先行词前有修饰，千万不能用which.1.Here is something _ I will tell you.2.We havent got much _ we can offer you.3.Is it the only thi

8、ng _ you want?4.This is the most interesting story _ I have ever heard.5.I can remember well the persons and some pictures _ I see.6.Which is the bike _ you lost?7.Who is the woman _ was praised at the meeting?thatthatthatthatthatthatthat1.Ill never forget the day_l first met him.2.Ill never forget

9、the days _we spent together.3.I went to the place_ I was born.4.I went to the place _ I was born in.5.This is the reason _ he was late.6.This is the reason _ he gave me.whenwhich/thatwherewhich/thatwhywhich/that关系副词在定语从句中的应用关系副词在定语从句中的应用=on which=in which=for whichwhen 作时间状语作时间状语:When=介词介词 +which wh

10、ere 作地点状语作地点状语:where =介词介词 +whichwhy 作原因状语作原因状语:why =for which【真题体验】1I cant find the book _ my mother bought me.(2013，鞍山)Awho Bwhen Cwhich Dwhat2Look！That is the woman _ I met yesterday.Oh？Shes my aunt.(2013，湛江)Awhat Bwho Cwhere Dwhen3This is the school _ we visited last year.(2013，黄石)Athat Bwhere C

11、who Dwhose4.cBALook at the boy and his dog _ are coming this way.(2013，梅州)Awho Bwhich Cthat DwhomC5.Please pass me the cartoon book _ has a Mickey Mouse on the cover.(2013，天津)Awhom Bwhose Cwho Dwhich 6.This is the primary school _ I studied three years ago.(2013，宜宾)Awhere Bwhen Cthat Dwhich7.The Pal

12、ace Museum is the best place _ Ive ever visited.(2013，十堰)Athat Bwhich Cwhere Dwhat8.DAA【真题体验真题体验】Do you know Mo Yan?Of course.He is the famous writer _ won the Nobel Prize in 2012.(2013，福州)Awho Bwhom Cwhich DwhoseA We know him We know he likes English.主主主主谓谓谓谓宾宾宾宾宾语从句就是在复合句中充当宾语的句子。宾语从句就是在复合句中充当宾语的句

13、子。主主谓谓宾宾简单句简单句复合句复合句 一 什么 是宾语从句？试比较宾宾 语语 从从 句句三要点：三要点：1、引导词、引导词 2、从句语序、从句语序 3、从句的时态、从句的时态一、一、引导词引导词：1.从句是陈述语气时，引导词用从句是陈述语气时，引导词用that（不做成分，可省略）（不做成分，可省略）.2.从句是一般疑问语气时，引导词用从句是一般疑问语气时，引导词用if或或 whether.取决于从句的语气取决于从句的语气3.从句是特殊疑问语气时，引导词用特从句是特殊疑问语气时，引导词用特殊疑问词（连接代词殊疑问词（连接代词who,whom,whose,which,what及连接副词及连接副

14、词 when,where,how,why）。）。3.Do you know _ he lives?1.I hear _he will be back in an hour.2.I want to know _ she is right.thatif/whetherwhere1.当句末为当句末为or not时，引导词只能用时，引导词只能用whether而不能用而不能用if.2、介词后的宾语从句，引导词只能用、介词后的宾语从句，引导词只能用whether而不能用而不能用if.1.I want to know whether she is right or not.2.It depends on w

15、hether we have enough time.二、从句语序：一律用陈述语序二、从句语序：一律用陈述语序(主主语在前，谓语在后语在前，谓语在后).1.Could you tell e what_?you are reading2.I dont know where _.he lives三、主三、主.从句的时态呼应从句的时态呼应v1.主句是一般现在时，从句可以用任何时态。主句是一般现在时，从句可以用任何时态。v2.主句是一般过去时主句是一般过去时,从句用过去范畴的时态。从句用过去范畴的时态。v3.主句是一般过去时，但从句表达的是客观真主句是一般过去时，但从句表达的是客观真 理或自然现象时，

16、仍然用一般现在时。理或自然现象时，仍然用一般现在时。1.He says that he _a book now(read).2.He said that he _hard(work).3.The students asked me if the earth _ round the sun(go).is readingwould workgoes宾宾语语从从句句三三要要素素引导词引导词thatthat（陈述句（陈述句 ）ififwhetherwhether（一般疑问句（一般疑问句）特殊疑问词特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句（特殊疑问句)时态时态主句为一般现在时主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态从句可为任何时

17、态主句为一般过去时主句为一般过去时从句从句一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去将来时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时语序语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序客观真理客观真理 自然现象自然现象公式定理公式定理 名言警句名言警句 时态不变时态不变1.Your T-shirt is so cool.Could you tell me _?2.A.where you buy it B.where do you buy it 3.C.where you bought it D.where did you buy it2.Excuse me.Could you tell me _I can get to the Space Museum?-Of course.You can take bus No.1.A.where B.how C.if D.why 3.Do you know _the new mobile phone last week?-Maybe 900 yuan.Im not quite sure.A.how much she paid for B.how much will she pay for C.how much did she pay for CAB