高考英语完形填空题型解题技巧分析总结讲义.docx
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1、高考英语完形填空题型解题技巧分析总结最新上周分析“语法填空”的解题技巧,反应还是挺让我满意的。说句心里话,哪怕对一个学弟(学妹)有用,那我也非常欣慰。今天继续来说一说“完型填空”。其实我非常害怕,记得有一次我错了5个,对标答后发现,我最后错的五道题目原因是和作者的思路不一致,或者说我想当然(钻牛角尖)方向偏了,导致整个意思理解错了,这也是考试中最怕见到的情况。 完形填空要求我们根据短文中的相关信息,从所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项将短文补充完整。这种题型一方面考查我们对词汇的辨析、固定搭配等的词汇掌握及运用能力,另一方面考查我们对句子的(主被动、非谓语动词、从句等)结构、短文内容的理解能力以及对
2、信息的综合推断和处理能力。完形填空是高考英语较难的一种题型,很难见到完形填空有得满分的同学。究其原因,就在于完形填空的上下文连接非常紧密,考查点很细很全,不仅要有良好的基础知识,还要善于联系上下文并结合生活常识甚至中西文化差异来解题。下面,我先抛砖引玉,说说我认为的“解题技巧”一、精读首、尾句(段)。拿到题目之后,我建议认真精读一遍开头和结尾。因为完型填空的首句和末句一般不留空,我们可以通过这两句知道短文的故事的地点、时间、人物和事由以及最后的结果,这样可以防止做完整篇完形填空之后,发现自己跑题、想偏了。二、利用语法分析解题。完形填空虽然以语境填空为主,但也有部分考查语法项目的题目。对于这类题
3、,我们可以利用平时所学的词汇知识,能够从句式的结构上辨别出要填相关的关联词、连词、副词、形容词或相应的动词,当然还要考虑到主谓一致的关系等语法知识要点。分析单词(组)的使用范围、动词的及物和不及物,并利用句子结构、句式特点等知识全面衡量所有选项排除干扰。比如,当你看到是个选项是“A. Because B. While C. If D. Since”时,那你首先应该想到是考察从句、虚拟语气等相关知识点,认真分析就可以。三、利用固定搭配解题。完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查,主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析等方面。习惯用法是英语中一种固定的结构形态,不能随意改动。所以,我们平时应积累掌握习惯用
4、法、词义辨析,需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨析能力,特别是在特定的语境中能灵活运用的能力。 比如说“take a bath”、“notuntil”这些固定搭配是一定要掌握的,其实固定搭配在完型填空中比例不高,属于应该拿的分,这些分真不应该白白丢掉。四、利用语境信息解题。近几年的完形填空题淡化了语法结构性的题,选项重在语意干扰,也就是说,对具体的语言知识应该融入具体的语境中去考虑,我们应具有通过上下文提示、暗示或铺垫,对篇章进行整体上的把握的能力。这也是最难的地方,不结合具体的文章,我也说不出什么来。理解能力(思路)在每个人的脑子里,或许多做题目、多思考是唯一的出路吧。最后,我精选了一
5、篇完型填空,逐题解析。大家先独立完成,然后结合我的理解,畅所欲言,但愿能探讨出适合自己的解题思路与技巧。【经典例题】It was my twenty-eighth birthday, and I was seriously upset. I was a newly divorced mom, raising two small children on my own. Feeling 41 myself had become comfortable for me.The evening before my birthday, my six-year-old son Nick said, Tomo
6、rrows your birthday, Mommy! I cant wait! Unable to return his 42 , I kissed his cheeks and hoped he could 43 it the next day.The next morning, I heard voices in our living room. Nick was 44 his baby sister Maya, saying make Mommy smile today. It suddenly 45 me, Id been so 46 in my sadness I hadnt re
7、alized how it was affecting my children. Sensing my 47 , my little boy was doing his best to 48 something about it. I marched into the living room to hug my children and was 49 in my tracks. There sat Nick on the floor, Maya on her blanket next to him, and in front of them was a pile of presents. I
8、looked wide-eyed and open-mouthed at them, then back at my son. Happy Birthday! he cried. I 50 you, Mommy, didnt I?I knelt(跪)down next to him and asked how hed 51 to get me the presents. He reminded me of our 52 to the Dollar Tree store, and I 53 remembered him telling me he was going to spend the p
9、ocket money hed been saving for ages. I had almost 54 him for spending everything he had so carefully saved. I would never have imagined that he was preparing gifts for me.Watching the presents, I suddenly saw the beauty in my life. The sadness 55 from my heart. I hugged my son and daughter and told
10、 them how lucky I was to have them in my life.41. A. satisfied with B. sorry for C. delighted with D. afraid of42. A. regret B. pity C. enthusiasm D. curiosity43. A. repeat B. remind C. bear D. forget44. A. talking to B. laughing at C. joking about D. shouting at45. A. excited B. puzzled C. hit D. t
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