中考英语二轮专题：形容词和副词.docx

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1、形容词和副词20202022年考情分析考点考查题型具体考查内容形容词(短语)、副词辨析完形填空(2022)45.moved， interested, tired, bored48.sadly, slowly， badly, carefully49.clean, small, terrible, popular50.difficult， sunny, short, cool(2021)42.simply, lightly, seriously， clearly43.right， kind, important, favorite50.past, future， recent, present(2

2、020)41.was bored of， was relaxed about, was excited about, was pleased with43.popular， similar, strange, useful44.long, short， thick, thin45.silently, foolishly, carelessly, suddenly47.probably, hardly, nearly, completely形容词、副词的原级的用法语法选择(2022)35.success, successful, successfully36. hard， harder, the

3、 hardest(2021)40.excite, excited, excitedly， excitement短文填空(2022)70.5，000 years ago(2020)73.a little money形容词、副词的比较级的用法语法选择(2020)34.good, better， best, the best短文填空(2022)74.more important(2020)75.more than形容词、副词的最高级的用法语法选择(2021)31.longer, the longer, longest, the longest 架构梳理知识点 形容词和副词的用法1形容词的基本用法用法

4、位置例句作定语放名词前作定语Its a windy day today.作表语放在be动词(含look, sound, feel, smell等系动词)之后He is happy today.作宾补放在宾语后作宾语补足语，常与keep, make, find, feel等动词连用He keeps his bedroom clean.知识拓展形容词的常用句型说明Its形容词forsb.动词不定式“做某事对某人来说”，常用的形容词有：difficult, easy, hard, dangerous, impossible等Its形容词ofsb.动词不定式“某人(做某事) 是的”，常用的形容词有：g

5、ood, kind, nice, polite, clever, silly, lazy, careful, careless等主语be动词形容词不定式常用glad, pleased, sorry, sad, thankful等表示感情或情绪的形容词2.副词的基本用法位置例句修饰不及物动词时，放在不及物动词之后；修饰及物动词时，一般放在宾语后面The boy cried loudly outside. Tina takes care of the baby carefully.修饰形容词，一般放在形容词之前(enough除外)He is quite tall in his class.修饰副词

6、，一般放在副词之前He runs very fast.修饰整个句子，位置比较灵活Unluckily, he failed in the exam again. 注：enough修饰形容词时放在被修饰词后面。如：He is old enough to go to school.3形容词变副词的规则规则例子在形容词词尾直接加-lyslowslowly, quickquickly, clearclearly以辅音字母y结尾的形容词，变y为i，再加-lybusybusily, angryangrily, easyeasily以辅音字母加不发音的字母e结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e, 然后再加-y

7、或-lyterribleterribly, truetruly注：1.名词-ly构成形容词。如：friend friendly, love lovely2有一部分形容词与副词同形(详见知识拓展)。知识拓展常见的既可以作形容词又可以作副词的单词(形容词与副词同形)单词形容词副词单词形容词副词单词形容词副词early早的早；提前loud大声的大声地long长的；长时间的长久地late晚的迟；晚slow缓慢的缓慢地close近的；接近的接近地fast快的快地free自由的免费wide宽的充分地high高的高地alone单独的单独地still静止的仍然pretty漂亮的相当地left左边的向左far远

8、的遥远地back后面的向后；回到；返回straight直的；笔直的直接；径直well健康的好地little幼小的很少enough足够的足够地hard坚硬的努力地direct直接的直接地deep深的深深地just公正的仅仅实战训练(C)1.(2022广东，语法选择35)Wang Yiyi passed the test and became a student of that school.AsuccessBsuccessfulCsuccessfully(C)2.(2022广州，语法选择8)First, my dad told me to reach into the tank and take

9、 the house away.AcareBcarefulCcarefullyDcaring(C)3.(2022绥化)The specials in the restaurant taste and sell . Many customers come here on weekends.Awell; goodBgood; goodCgood; well Dwell; well知识点 形容词、副词辨析这类考题要求考生首先确定各选项的含义，然后根据上下文语境，并运用自己的生活经验和知识积累，推测出考题要表达的意思，从而确定正确答案。1常见的形容词归纳种类例子描述类difficult，fresh，f

10、ull，future，important，long，normal，past，popular，present，public，quick，quiet，recent，short，simple，strange，true，terrible，weak，similar，useful情感情绪类angry，bored，crazy，interested，lonely，moved，nervous，proud，relaxed，satisfied，surprised，tired，worried人物性格类active，brave，friendly，honest，kind，patient，strict2.常见的以-ly结尾

11、的副词ly副词含义ly副词含义ly副词含义ly副词含义actually事实上angrily生气地badly严重地beautifully美好地；漂亮地carefully谨慎地certainly无疑；当然cheaply便宜地clearly清楚地；清晰地crazily发狂地differently不同地comfortably舒服地completely彻底地early早easily容易地especially尤其exactly确切地excitedly兴奋地finally最后；最终gradually逐步地greatly非常；很happily高兴地heavily在很大程度上；大量地honestly诚实地imm

12、ediately立即lastly最后lately最近；不久前lazily懒惰地loudly大声地luckily幸运地mostly主要地；通常nearly几乎nervously紧张地noisily吵闹地normally通常partly部分地patiently耐心地peacefully和平地politely礼貌地probably很可能properly正确地；恰当地proudly自豪地quietly安静地really真正地recently最近quickly很快地safely安全地sadly悲伤地seriously严肃地shyly害羞地simply仅仅；只slowly缓慢地softly温柔地sudde

13、nly突然truly真实地；确实widely广泛地wisely明智地3.常见的形容词、副词辨析词汇用法例句high和tallhigh常用于形容物高，即高出地面的距离；反义词是lowThe tower is very high.tall常指人的身高或事物的长(高)度从顶部到底部的距离；反义词是shortJane is 165 cm tall.The tree is 10 meters tall.dead和dyingdead意为“死的；死气沉沉的”The man has been dead for five years.dying意为“垂死的；临终的”Doctors are trying to s

14、ave the dying patient.续表词汇用法例句ill和 sickill作“生病的”时，只能作表语，不能修饰名词His aunt has been ill in bed for several years.sick作“生病的”时，可以修饰名词，作定语Judy has to take care of the sick man.already, yet和stillalready意为“已经”，通常用于陈述句；用于疑问句时表示惊异、怀疑；不用于否定句Tom has already finished his work.yet意为“尚；仍然”，常用于否定句和疑问句They havent got

15、 there yet.still表示“仍然，还”放于句中Does the boy still stay in the hotel？instead 和instead ofinstead只能单独使用，常位于句首或句尾We have no milk, and lets use water instead.instead of 后接名词、动名词、代词或介词短语You should do more sports instead of playing computer games.(A)4.(2022广东，完形填空45)“People in the community came to help. They

16、 brought us food and often called to make sure we were doing fine. I was deeply ，” Molly said.AmovedBinterestedCtiredDbored(B)5.(2022广东，完形填空48)No one knew about it at first. But ， people got into the habit of coming around.AsadlyBslowlyCbadlyDcarefully(D)6.(2022广东，完形填空49)They would stop by and leave

17、 with some vegetables. Mollys yard became a place.AcleanBsmallCterribleDpopular(A)7.(2022广东，完形填空50)Mollys family had a hard time. One thing Molly has learned from this experience is that people have to work together when days are AdifficultBsunnyCshortDcool(A)8.(2022广州，完形填空20)“Yes! Great！” said Sam

18、AexcitedlyBcarelesslyCkindlyDsadly(B)9.(2022广州，完形填空21)“Sure, you can，” replied Mr White . “Think about it, Mike ”AangrilyBpatientlyCsecretlyDworriedly(D)10.(2022广州，完形填空25)From that day on, Sam was never about art class. He knew that he could paint happiness, no matter what he painted. AcarefulBcerta

19、inChappyDnervous知识点 形容词、副词的原级的用法结构含义例句A谓语动词as原级asB表示前后两者情况一样Bill runs as fast as Jack. A谓语动词的否定式as/so 原级asB表示前者不如后者Tom isnt as strong as Jack.倍数as原级as表示倍数The box is five times as big as that one.有表示程度的副词very, so, too, enough, quite等修饰形容词很，十分，非常；足够地The monkey is very clever.(C)11.The boy is as his si

20、ster, so he needs to take more exercise.Aas tall asBtaller than Cnot as tall asDthe tallest(A)12.Generally speaking, the old arent as as the young.AhealthyBhealthierChealthiestDthe healthiest(B)13.(2022重庆二模)Mr.Lius house is very large. It is mine.Atwice largeBtwice as large asCas twice largeDas larg

21、e as twice知识点 形容词、副词的比较级的用法1比较级与最高级的构成(1)规则变化用法例子单音节和少数双音节词一般情况比较级在词尾加-er，最高级在词尾加-esthighhigherhighest以不发音字母e结尾，比较级直接加-r，最高级加-stsafesafersafest重读闭音节结尾的单词，双写辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-esthothotterhottest辅音字母y结尾的单词，将y变为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-esteasyeasiereasiest多音节和部分双音节词一般情况比较级是在前面加more，最高级在前面加mostusefulmore usefulmo

22、st useful少数以-er结尾的双音节词，其比较级和最高级也是分别加-er，-estclevercleverercleverest(2)不规则变化原级比较级最高级原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestlittlelessleastbad/ill/badlyworseworstfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestmany/muchmoremostoldolder/elderoldest/eldest2.形容词、副词的比较级的用法结构含义例句A谓语动词比较级than B表示“A比B更”I am older than my good friend

23、.比较级and比较级表示“越来越”The days are getting longer and longer.the比较级，the比较级表示“越，越”The more you practice, the better youll be.特殊疑问词谓语动词比较级，A or B？表示 “哪个/谁更”Which is bigger, the sun or the earth？比较级 than any other名词单数比较级表达最高级意义She is taller than any other girl in her class.比较级 than the other名词复数She runs fas

24、ter than the other girls in her class.知识拓展常见的置于比较级前的修饰语：much，far，even，still，a bit，a little，a lot。(B)14.(2022广州，语法选择10)When I took my hand out of the water, I noticed that the water was a lot than I thought.AdirtyBdirtierCdirtiestDthe dirtiest(C)15.(2022鄂州)Which do you like ， Chinese or English?Chine

25、se.AgoodBwellCbetterDbest(C)16.(2022铜仁)Uncle Wang, could you tell me the secret of your good health? In my view, vegetables and meat.Aless; lessBmore; moreCmore; lessDless; more知识点 形容词、副词的最高级的用法最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较，表示在某一范围内或某类人或物中“最”或“第几最”。结构例句the最高级 in/of 短语He is the tallest student in his class.one of

26、the最高级名词复数He is one of the tallest boys in our class.特殊疑问词谓语动词the最高级，A, B or C？Who runs the fastest, Tom, Jack or Bill？序数词形容词的最高级He is the second tallest in his class.(B)17.(2022无锡)Oh, she smiles! She nods! She understands! Weve got dog in the world.Aa clevererBthe cleverestCa shyerDthe shyest(B)18.

27、(2022毕节)Making robots is one of activities among students. Each of them has his own robot.Amore popularBthe most popular Cmore difficultDthe most difficult(D)19.(2022贵港)Are you going to ride your bike to the beach?Yes. Its of all.AconvenientBmore convenient Cmost convenient Dthe most convenient分层突破一

28、、单项填空(B)1.(2022连云港)Kitty, these books are heavy for you carry. Let me help you.Aas; asBtoo; toCsuch; thatDso; that(B)2.(2022龙东) you are, mistakes you will make in the exam.AThe more carefully; the fewerBThe more careful; the fewerCThe less careless; the less(A)3.(2022达州)Jessica, its raining outside.

29、Oh, you should be when you drive to work.Ahard; carefulBhardly; carefulChard; carefullyDhardly; carefully(B)4.(2022北京)After taking tennis classes, Tim is much than last year.AstrongBstronger Cstrongest Dthe strongest(C)5.Marys Chinese isnt so as Lucys.I know them very much. But now Mary studies than

30、 Lucy does.Agood; hardBbetter; harderCgood; harderDbetter; hard(A)6.(2022泸州改编)With a high-speed train station built in Luzhou, it is much for us to travel to Chengdu.AeasierBeasilierCmore easyDmore easily(B)7.(2022徐州)Today is much than yesterday. Nice!AcoolBcooler Ccoolest Dthe coolest(C)8.Is Jack o

31、ne of runners in your class?Of course！And he runs much than any other student.Afast；fasterBfaster；fastCthe fastest；fasterDfaster；the fastest二、语篇特训(五育并举之劳育)“Mom！” I pointed at the colorful shoes at the store a few weeks ago. “Those are 1 the ones I need! Can I have them？”“Lets see how much they are，”

32、 said Mom.shoes I wanted!(B)1.AhardlyBexactlyCusuallyDprobably My heart broke when we saw the price $100! I knew Mom would never buy them.Autumn was surely here. The days were getting 2 , and the leaves were falling in the yard. 3 I got an idea. I rushed downstairs.(B)2.AcoolBcoolerCcoolestDthe cool

33、est (D)3.ALuckilyBHappilyCStrangelyDSuddenly“Mom, I can make enough money to buy those shoes by raking(耙) leaves for people. They want their yards as 4 as possible.”A smile 5 spread across Moms face. “Now thats a good idea！”(A)4.AcleanBcleanerCcleanestDthe cleanest(C)5.AcertainlyBimmediatelyCslowlyD

34、simplyEach week, I picked up leaves in peoples yards and put them in waste bins. It took five weeks of 6 work. I got blisters (水疱) on my hands. My coats and trousers got 7 than before, but I didnt care. As time went by, I was getting 8 to my goal day by day. In the end, I got enough money.(A)6.Ahard

35、BharderChardestDhardly(B)7.AdirtyBdirtierCdirtiestDthe dirtiest (B)8.AcloseBcloserCclosestDthe closestThe big day finally came. I walked 9 into the shoe store. I found the shoes Id wanted so much. They fit me 10 ! I finally had the exact (C)9.AexciteBexcitedCexcitedlyDexciting (D)10.AcarefullyBcalmlyC quietlyDPerfectly学科网（北京）股份有限公司