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1、限制性定语从句和非限制性限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别定语从句的区别第1页,本讲稿共41页Readandfind1.,he traveled with his father,who wanted to do trade with the Chinese.(Para.1)2.He was very impressed by Beijing,especially the Summer Palace which he described as“The greatest palace that ever was”(Para.3)3.There were inventions and devel
2、opments in China which were not available in Europe at that time.(Para.4)4.He was also confused by the black stones people used for fuel.(Para.4)第2页,本讲稿共41页Readandfind5.However,Marco was lucky to meet another prisoner who enjoyed listening to his stories about China.(Para.5)6.The prisoner then wrote
3、 the stories in the book called The Description of the World,which became one of (Para.5)7.Marco was asked the question,“Was it all true?”,to which he replied,“I have only told half of”(Para.6)第3页,本讲稿共41页DiscussionInformation to identify the person(s)/object(s)Extra information about a person or a t
4、hing,which can be left outDefiningrelativeclauseNon-definingrelativeclauseNo commaWith commaForward第4页,本讲稿共41页限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、确定对先行词起限制、确定的作用,是先行词不可缺少的定语,如果省的作用,是先行词不可缺少的定语,如果省去,主句的意思就会不完整,不明确或不合去,主句的意思就会不完整,不明确或不合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不能用逗号逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不能用逗号隔开。隔开。_The
5、manwhocamehereyesterdayhascomeagain.第5页,本讲稿共41页非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句和先行词关系松散,只和先行词关系松散,只是对先行词作附加说明,如果省去,主句是对先行词作附加说明,如果省去,主句的意思仍然完整或清楚。这种定语从句和的意思仍然完整或清楚。这种定语从句和主句之间须用逗号隔开。如:主句之间须用逗号隔开。如:_a.Helivesinanothertown,whichisonlyaboutanhoursridefromhere.b.Soontheyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.第6
6、页,本讲稿共41页限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上意义上译法上译法上不用逗号不用逗号“,”与主句与主句隔开。隔开。用逗号用逗号“,”与主句隔开。与主句隔开。是先行词不可缺少的定是先行词不可缺少的定语,如删除,主句则失语,如删除,主句则失去意义或意思表达不完去意义或意思表达不完整。整。只是对先行词的补充说明,如删除,主句仍能表达完整的意思。译成先行词的定语:“的”通常译成主句的并列句。通常译成主句的并列句。第7页,本讲稿共41页nWhoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree?nHeisateacherofmuchknowledge
7、,fromwhommuchcanbelearned.限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句第8页,本讲稿共41页nPeoplewhotakephysicalexerciselivelonger.。n(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义若把从句去掉句子就失去意义)nHisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow,iscominghomenextweek.n(若把从句去句子意义仍然完整若把从句去句子意义仍然完整)n第9页,本讲稿共41页nHeisthemanwhosecarwasstolen.n他就是汽车被窃的那个人。他就是汽车被窃的那个人。nIveinvitedJim,w
8、holivesinthenextflat.我邀请了吉姆,他就住在隔壁。我邀请了吉姆,他就住在隔壁。第10页,本讲稿共41页n4关系词的选用不同关系词的选用不同n限制性定语从句限制性定语从句:n非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句不可用that或why来引导关系代词关系代词:关系关系副副词词:who,whom,whose,that,whichwhen,where,why关系代词关系代词:关系关系副副词词:who,whom,whose,whichwhen,where,第11页,本讲稿共41页nYesterdayheboughtanewcar,whichwasmadeinJapan.n(which不可换
9、用that)nHedidntgivethereason,whichexplainedhisabsencefromthemeetingheldlastweek.第12页,本讲稿共41页n n5关系词的省略不同关系词的省略不同n在限限制制性性定定语语从从句句中,当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语或表语时,在口语中可以省略n而非限制性定语从句中的关系代词或关系副词不可省略。nIstillrememberthedayswespenttogetherincollege.nSheisnottheone(that)sheusedtobe.第13页,本讲稿共41页n6从句所修饰的先行词有所不同从句所修饰的先行词有所
10、不同n限限制制性性定定语语从从句句的的先先行行词词通通常常是是名名词词、代代词词或词组;或词组;n而而非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句的的先先行行词词除除了了名名词词、代代词外,还可以是句子。词外,还可以是句子。nThisisthebestbookthatIhaveeverread.nHe won the first prize in the contest,whichwasmorethanweexpected.第14页,本讲稿共41页含义不同含义不同nIhaveasisterwhoisadoctor.n(姐姐不止一个姐姐不止一个)nIhaveasister,whoisadoctor.n(只有
11、一个姐姐只有一个姐姐)第15页,本讲稿共41页Which?A.The thief,who fell off the ladder,was arrested by the police.B.The thief who fell off the ladder was arrested by the police.第16页,本讲稿共41页Which?A.The customers who arrived after 9 werent allowed into the sale.B.The customers,who arrived after 9,werent allowed into the sa
12、le.第17页,本讲稿共41页Which?A.We stopped at the only pub in the village which had a front garden.B.We stopped at the only pub in the village,which had a front garden.第18页,本讲稿共41页PracticeAn请区分出下列句子哪些是限制性定语从请区分出下列句子哪些是限制性定语从句,那些是非限制性定语从句句,那些是非限制性定语从句:1.1、TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonthatIcoulddepen
13、don.2.2、Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.3.3、Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.4.4、China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.第19页,本讲稿共41页PracticeBn区分下列几组句子的不同含义:区分下列几组句子的不同含义:n1.Her brother who is now a soldieralwaysencourageshertogotocollege.nHerbrother,whoisnowasoldi
14、er,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。(意含:(意含:她还有其他哥哥。)她还有其他哥哥。)她哥哥是当兵的,他总是鼓励她上大学。她哥哥是当兵的,他总是鼓励她上大学。(意含:(意含:她只有一个哥哥。)她只有一个哥哥。)第20页,本讲稿共41页.All the books that have pictures in them are well written.All the books,which have pictures in them,are well written.所有里面带插图的书都写得很好
15、。所有里面带插图的书都写得很好。(意含:(意含:不带插图的书则不一定写得好。)不带插图的书则不一定写得好。)所有的书都带插图,这些书都写得很好。所有的书都带插图,这些书都写得很好。(意含:(意含:没有不带插图的书。)没有不带插图的书。)第21页,本讲稿共41页1、I,_yougoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.A、whoisB、whatisC、whatamD、whoamD第22页,本讲稿共41页2、Hiswalkingstick,_hecantwalk,waslostyesterday.A、thatB、withwhichC、whichD、withoutwh
16、ichD第23页,本讲稿共41页3、Theyhavedecidedtofinishtheirwork,_,Ithinkisawisechoice.A、thatB、whatC、whichD、whetherC第24页,本讲稿共41页4、Therearethreelibrariesinourschool,_werebuiltfiveyearsago.A、allofthemB、eitherofthemC、allofwhichD、bothofthatC第25页,本讲稿共41页第26页,本讲稿共41页第27页,本讲稿共41页第28页,本讲稿共41页1、All_isusefultousisgood.A、wh
17、ichB、whatC、thatD、whetherC解析:解析:定语从句中的先定语从句中的先行词为行词为all,none等词时,等词时,关系代词必须用关系代词必须用that,而而不是不是which.故选故选C。第29页,本讲稿共41页2、Thisistheonlything_Icandonow.A、whatB、whichC、thatD、allC第30页,本讲稿共41页3、Thisisthelastfactory_heusedtoworkat,manyworkersof_stillhaveagoodrelationshipwithhim.A、that;itB、which;whomC、that;wh
18、ichD、which;thatC第31页,本讲稿共41页4、Thetextisoneofthemostinterestingstories_learntinthepastthreedays.A、thathaveB、thathavebeenC、whichhasD、whichhasbeenB解析:解析:解析:解析:storiesstories是定语从是定语从是定语从是定语从句的先行词句的先行词句的先行词句的先行词,同时同时同时同时storiesstories被最高级所修被最高级所修被最高级所修被最高级所修饰,因此选饰,因此选饰,因此选饰,因此选B.B.第32页,本讲稿共41页5、Thisisthe
19、factory_wevisitedlastyear.A、thatB、inwhichC、whatD、theoneA解析:解析:解析:解析:thefactorythefactory是定语从句的是定语从句的是定语从句的是定语从句的先行词先行词先行词先行词,用作宾语;从句用作宾语;从句用作宾语;从句用作宾语;从句wewevisitedlastyearvisitedlastyear中中visitvisit是个是个及物动词,后接宾语,因及物动词,后接宾语,因此选此选A.A.第33页,本讲稿共41页6、Isthisfactory_wevisitedlastweek.A、whereB、thatC、whichD
20、、theoneD解析:解析:解析:解析:thisfactorythisfactory容易被学生错容易被学生错容易被学生错容易被学生错误地混为先行词,其实这是误地混为先行词,其实这是误地混为先行词,其实这是误地混为先行词,其实这是Thisfactoryfactory是句子的主语而不是先行是句子的主语而不是先行是句子的主语而不是先行是句子的主语而不是先行词。所以选择词。所以选择词。所以选择词。所以选择D.TheoneD.Theone中的中的中的中的oneone指代的是指代的是指代的是指代的是factory,factory,作定语从句的作定语从句的作定语从句的作定语从句的先行词。先行词。先行词。先行
21、词。第34页,本讲稿共41页7、Thisistheschool_myfatherworked20yearsago.A、thatB、whenC、whichD、whereD解析:题中的解析:题中的解析:题中的解析:题中的theschooltheschool是定语从句的是定语从句的是定语从句的是定语从句的先行词。先行词。先行词。先行词。in+which=where,in+which=where,因此因此选选D.D.试比较:试比较:Thisschoolis_myThisschoolis_myfatherworked20yearsago.fatherworked20yearsago.A.A.whereB
22、.theonewherewhereB.theonewhereB.B.C.thatD.theonewhichC.thatD.theonewhichB第35页,本讲稿共41页8、Shewillneverforgettheday_shespentinBeijing.A、whenB、whatC、whichD、whyC解析:解析:theday是定语从句的先行词,是定语从句的先行词,是定语从句的先行词,是定语从句的先行词,shespentinBeijingshespentinBeijing中的动词中的动词中的动词中的动词spentspent是是是是个及物动词,后接宾语,个及物动词,后接宾语,个及物动词,后
23、接宾语,个及物动词,后接宾语,thedaytheday作作作作动词动词动词动词spent的宾语。因此选的宾语。因此选的宾语。因此选的宾语。因此选C.C.第36页,本讲稿共41页9、Thecollegewonttakeanyone_eyesightisweak.A、whoB、whoseC、ofwhomD、whichB第37页,本讲稿共41页10、Letmethinkofapropersituation_thissentencecanbeused.A、whereB、thatC、ofwhomD、whichA第38页,本讲稿共41页11、Theman_youaretalkingisinthenextroom.A、towhomB、aboutwhomC、aboutwhoD、whomB第39页,本讲稿共41页12、Idontliketheway_hespoketome.A、bythatB、whatC、bywhichD、/D第40页,本讲稿共41页13、Thisisthereason_hetoldme.A、thatB、whyC、onwhichD、forthatA当在定语从句中当在定语从句中时,如果时,如果reason在句子中充当成在句子中充当成分如:主语分如:主语.宾语宾语或者表语时,用或者表语时,用which/that第41页,本讲稿共41页
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