《动词不定式》课件教学提纲.ppt

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1、动词不定式课件动词不定式课件知识梳理形式主动式被动式与谓语动作的关系一般式to doto be done动作发生在谓语动作之后进行式to be doing/与谓语动作同时发生完成式to have doneto have been done动作发生在谓语动作之前Pick out the infinitives in the sentences and tell their functions.1.He pretended to be reading attentively when I came in.2.It is of great help for us to learn English w

2、ell.3.I didnt expect Mary to invite me to her birthday party.4.She listens to news every day so as to find out whats going on.5.The car to be bought is for his sisters.6.The important thing in life is to have a great aim,and the determination to attain it.(宾语）宾语）(主语）主语）(宾补）宾补）(状语）状语）(定语）定语）(表语）表语）不定

3、式可作主、宾、表、定、状、补语。起名词，形容词不定式可作主、宾、表、定、状、补语。起名词，形容词和副词的作用。和副词的作用。归归纳纳不定式不定式不定式在句中的作用 It is necessary to tell him the truth.To tell him the truth is necessary.主语练习1.再次见到你真高兴。再次见到你真高兴。Its nice/good/a great pleasure to see you again.2.他们那样做是不明智的他们那样做是不明智的。It is unwise_.It is+n/adj.(for/of sb.)to doTo give

4、 up smoking is right.It is right to give up smoking.不定式的用法of them to do like that不定式在句中的作用 2.I need to attend the meeting.宾语练习他们决定周末去野餐。They have _at the weekend.She wants to see the new movie.decide,/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish,refuse,manage,care,pretend,offer,promise,choose,plan,agree,as

5、k/beg,help/afford,strive,happen,wait,threaten他拒绝借给我自行车。They _me his bike.不定式的用法decided to have a picnicrefused to lendV+to do (5+3P60)决心学会想希望决心学会想希望,拒绝设法愿假装拒绝设法愿假装.学会答应选计划学会答应选计划,同意请求帮一帮同意请求帮一帮.不定式在句中的作用3.Have you got any questions to ask?I have no chair to sit on.练习没什么可担心的。There is nothing to worry

6、 about.定语 Betty是第一个知道真相的人.Betty was the first to know the truth.不定式的用法修饰抽象名词如修饰抽象名词如：ability,answer,reply,chance,excuse,idea,moment,reason,time,promise,attempt,way 等等+to do(5+3P61)我没机会外出观光。I have no chance to go sightseeing.不定式在句中的作用4.The best way to learn English is to make friends with a native sp

7、eaker.表语练习我的目标是考入北大。她的梦想是当一名设计师。My goal is_.Her dream is _.不定式的用法to be admitted to Beijing Universityto become a designer不定式在句中的作用5.I didnt expect Mary to invite me to her birthday party.宾补练习你可以让你姐姐帮你一下。You can ask your sister to help you.我总是劝他戒烟。I always advise him to give up smoking.advise,allow,a

8、sk,beg,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,invite,order,persuade,permit,prefer,tell,want,warn,wish,would like sb.to do (5+3P62)不定式的用法注意注意有些动词后面的不定式有些动词后面的不定式不带不带to，如，如feel（一感）（一感）hear,listen to（二听）（二听）make,have,let（三让）（三让）see,watch,notice,observe（四看）（四看）.I heard them sing a pop song.The teacher made m

9、e answer the question.We watched them play football.不定式的用法1.-Can I have the document right now?2.-Of course.Wait a minute and Ill have my secretary _ it for you.3.A.to print B.printing4.C.printed D.print2.We tried hard,and eventually,we were able to get Mike _ us his car for just a day.A.lending B.l

10、end C.to lend D.lent Practice不定式在句中的作用练习我匆忙赶到汽车站，只是发现汽车刚刚离开。Hes gone to the office to ask questions.I hurried to the bus stop,only to find the bus had just left.6.She listens to the news every day so as to find out what s going on.7.I was disappointed to hear the news.状语他去办公室问问题去了。不定式的用法动词不定式的时态动词不定

11、式的时态1.I opened the door to enter the room.2.Mr.Smith is going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.一般式一般式(to do)(to do).所表示的动作或状所表示的动作或状态态 与谓语动词同与谓语动词同时或之后发生。时或之后发生。不定式的用法.进行式进行式(to be doing)1.I am very glad to be working with you.2.He is said to be studying abroad.不定式所表示的动不定式所表示的动作与谓语动作同时作与谓语动

12、作同时进行。进行。动词不定式的时态动词不定式的时态不定式的用法动词不定式的时态动词不定式的时态.完成式（完成式（to have done)1.I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long.2.You seemed to have read the novel written by Mr.Smith.不定式动作发不定式动作发生在谓语动词生在谓语动词之前。之前。不定式的用法动词不定式的语态动词不定式的语态1.Nearly half a million people are believed _ their homes as a result of the

13、disaster.A.To leave B.to be leftB.C.To be leaving D.to have left2.An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had ordered _ clear warnings before firing any shots.(2003 上海上海)A.to have issued B.being issuedB.C.to issue D.to be issued不定式的使用动词不定式的语态动词不定式的语态.主动式主动式(to do/to be doing/to have done)1.

14、We want to learn English well.2.He is the first student to have got the prize.3.We didnt expect you to be waiting for us here.4.She wished to have been reading as much as the others.当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的执行者或发出者时动作的执行者或发出者时.不定式的使用(二二)被动式被动式to be done/to have been done1.He claimed _i

15、n the supper market when he was doing shopping yesterday.（上海（上海98）A.being badly treated B.treating badlyB.C.to be treated badly D.to have been badly treated.C.2.The transportation will improve a lot in this city,with two new roads _ in the near future.D.A.to construct B.being constructedE.C.to be co

16、nstructed D.constructing不定式的用法当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时动作的承受者时.不定式的其他用法1.和疑问词连用It is useful to know how to drive.To know how to drive is useful.你决定穿什么参加去参加面试了吗？你决定穿什么参加去参加面试了吗？Have you decided what to wear to the interview?没人告诉我在哪买票。没人告诉我在哪买票。Nobody told me where to buy the ticket.

17、decide,discuss,explain,find out,learn,show,teach,tell,wonder whether/what/who/how/where/when to do其他用法2.和否定词连用不定式的其他用法We turned down the music in order not todisturb the neighbors.not to do1.妈妈让他不要花太多的时间玩电脑游戏。妈妈让他不要花太多的时间玩电脑游戏。Mother told him not to spend too much time on PC games.2.他假装没看见我。他假装没看见我。

18、She pretended not to see me.其他用法1.不定式的完成和进行式1.给你添了这么多麻烦，真对不起。给你添了这么多麻烦，真对不起。Im sorry to have brought you so much trouble.2.我们没想到你已经请了他。我们没想到你已经请了他。We dont expect you to have invited her.3.据报道他们正在这个地区修建另外一条铁路。据报道他们正在这个地区修建另外一条铁路。They are reported to be building another railway across the region.4.我们很

19、高兴这一段时间和你一起学习。我们很高兴这一段时间和你一起学习。We are happy to have been studying together with you.练习巩固不定式的其他用法2.不定式的被动形式1.我被邀请到这里讲学，深感荣幸。我被邀请到这里讲学，深感荣幸。It is an honour for me to be asked to give a lecture here.2.这个问题还有待解决。这个问题还有待解决。The problem remains to be solved.3.每年有很多毕业生要求被派到最需要的地方工作。每年有很多毕业生要求被派到最需要的地方工作。A l

20、ot of graduates ask to be sent to work where they are most needed every year.4.据报道，又有一所小学已经在汶川建成。据报道，又有一所小学已经在汶川建成。Another primary school is reported to have been built for Children in Wenchuan.练习巩固3.3.不定式在一些特殊句型中的运用：不定式在一些特殊句型中的运用：tooto (Textbook P 59.Ex.4)enough to (P 59.Ex.5)It is adj.for sb.to I

21、t is adj.of sb.toSb./Sth.is said/reported to 难点突破4.动词不定式不带to的特殊情况：(1)在介词在介词but,except,besides,than 前若有实义动词前若有实义动词do时：时：What do you like to do besides swim?He could do nothing except/but wait.He did nothing else than laugh.I could hardly do less than lie in bed.I did no more than finish the work.难点突破

22、(2)表示表示“只好只好,不得不不得不”的的but but 之后之后：(cant/could not but,cant/could not help but,cant choose but)1)Its raining hard.I cant help but stay at home.2)We could not but face the reality.3)I cant choose but finish the work.4.动词不定式不带to的特殊情况：难点突破Homework1.我没想到玛丽会邀请我参加她的生日晚会。我没想到玛丽会邀请我参加她的生日晚会。2.你能告诉我如何到机场吗？你能

23、告诉我如何到机场吗？3.那个书架太高了，我够不到。那个书架太高了，我够不到。4.你会参加今天下午的会议吗？你会参加今天下午的会议吗？5.我今天早晨五点起床以便不错过第一趟车。我今天早晨五点起床以便不错过第一趟车。6.他不是一个容易相处的人。他不是一个容易相处的人。7.你真好帮我复习英语。你真好帮我复习英语。8.对不起让你久等了。对不起让你久等了。Homework1.I didnt expect Mary to invite me to her birthday party.2.Can you tell me how to get to the airport?3.The bookshelf i

24、s too high for me to reach.4.Are you going to attend the meeting to be held this afternoon?5.I got up at six oclock this morning in order not to miss the first bus.6.A person like him is difficult to deal with.7.Its very kind of you to help me with my English.8.Im sorry to have kept you waiting for

25、a long time.不定式的常用句型tooto P 59-4enough to 2.This tea is too hot for me to drink.3.The bench isnt wide enough for 3 people to sit on.4.The fence was too high for us to climb over.5.The blanket isnt warm enough for me to use in winter.6.The cupboard was too heavy for James to move.It is adj.for sb.to

26、不定式的常用句型P 59-52.It is necessary for Mary to go to the doctor.3.It was disappointing for us to find the cinema closed.4.It was interesting for him to read the book.不定式的常用句型比较：It is adj.of sb.to1.Its very kind of you to help me.2.Its polite of her to say thank you.3.Its rude of him to get into the off

27、ice without knocking the door.1.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier _ it more difficult.2.A.not make B.not to make C.not making D.do not make 3.2.Ive worked with children before,so I know what _ in my new job.4.A.expected B.to expect C.to be expecting D.expectsPractice3.Charles Ba

28、bbage is generally considered _the first computer.A.to invent B.inventing B.C.to have invented C.having invented4.Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the way home.A.much too heavy B.too much heavy B.C.heavy too much D.too heavy much5.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the

29、street,but his mother told him _.A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to6.Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening.A.to be taken B.to take B.C.being taken D.taking7.There are five pairs _,but Im at a loss which to buy.A.to be chosen B.to choose from B.C.to choose D.for choosing8._la

30、te in the afternoon,Bob turned off the alarm.A.To sleep B.Sleeping C.Sleep D.Having sleep 9.With a lot of difficult problems _,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A.settled B.settling B.C.to settle D.being settled10.She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role_

31、in making the earth a better place to live.A.to have played B.to play C.to be played D.to be playing11.In order to gain a bigger share in the international market,many state run companies are trying _their products more competitive.A.to make B.makingB.C.to have made D.having made12.The teacher asked us_so much noise.A.dont make B.not makeC.not making D.not to make