2011届高考总复习学案与测评课件：英语外研版必修4（全册）.ppt

《2011届高考总复习学案与测评课件：英语外研版必修4（全册）.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2011届高考总复习学案与测评课件：英语外研版必修4（全册）.ppt（102页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、必修必修4核心单词核心单词1.alternative adj.供选择的，替换的供选择的，替换的n.替代物；供选择的东西；可能的选择替代物；供选择的东西；可能的选择We have no alternative but to move.我们除了搬家之外别无选择。The way was blocked,so we had to go by an alternative road.这条路被封了，我们不得不走另一条路。You have the alternative of speaking or keeping quiet.你有权利选择发言或保持沉默。alternative/choice/prefere

2、nceModule 1 Life in the Future能指具体事物。choice是常用语，强调无范围的自由地选择，依据个人喜好来选择。preference表示“偏好,偏爱”，侧重指更喜欢哪一个。2.load vt.装载，装填；使担负装载，装填；使担负n.负荷，重担；装载量负荷，重担；装载量常用结构：a load of=loads of 许多，大量（=plenty of.）The workers loaded a lorry with bricks.工人们把砖装上卡车。I was loaded down with the heavy luggage.我拿了许多沉重的行李。Things ha

3、ve begun to improve since schools called on to reduce learning load.自从学校被要求减轻学习负担后，情况已经开始好转了。3.limitvt.限制，限定限制，限定(常与常与to搭配搭配)n.限制，限定；边界，界限限制，限定；边界，界限Her travelling has been limited to a few French resorts.她的旅行仅限于法国的一些旅游胜地。He is exceeding the speed limit.他超过了时速限制。limited adj.有限的without limits 无限制地;无限

4、地As we know,water resources are very limited on the earth.众所周知，地球上的水资源是非常有限的。mand n.命令，指令；控制，指挥命令，指令；控制，指挥v.命令，指挥；掌握；拥有命令，指挥；掌握；拥有Our troop was under his command.我们的部队由他指挥。Nobody obeyed the teachers command to stop chatting.老师制止学生聊天，却没人听从。The teacher commanded him to go out of the classroom.=The tea

5、cher commanded that he(should)go out of theclassroom.老师命令他离开教室。注意：注意：command后面跟从句时，从句要用虚拟语气。5.charge vt.收费，要价；控告；给收费，要价；控告；给充电充电n.费用；指责；控告；责任费用；指责；控告；责任How much did he charge you for cleaning the room?打扫这个房间他要了你多少钱？I charge you not to mention it any more.我要求你不要再提这件事了。They brought a charge of murder

6、against the former player.他们指控这位前运动员犯了谋杀罪。The hotel paid the taxi driver and put the charge on their hotel bill.旅馆给出租汽车司机付了款并将费用记在他们的旅馆账单上。in charge of sth.负责某事in the charge of sb.由某人负责free of charge免费He was in charge of the shop while the manager was away.=The shop was in the charge of him when the

7、 manager was away.经理不在的时候他负责管理这个商店。charge/accuse二者都含有“控告，谴责”的意思。但在用法上有区别:charge指因重大错误或罪行而被进行法律上的指控。与介词with搭配，构成charge sb.with sth.短语。accuse指当面的指控或指责，不一定诉诸法律。与介词of搭配，构成accuse sb.of sth.结构。6.disability n.C 残疾；残疾人残疾；残疾人She swims well despite her disabilities.她虽然身有残疾，却是个游泳健将。His disability caused this t

8、hing to fail.他的无能导致了这件事的失败。His disability prevented him from going to college.他的残疾使他不能上大学。联想拓展disable vt.表示“使残疾（废）”，常用于被动句。disabled adj.残疾的the disabled（复数）残疾人The solider was disabled by leg wounds.这个士兵腿部受伤致残。He was disabled and couldnt enter the college.他是残疾人，不能进入那所大学。The entrance is specially desig

9、ned for the disabled.这个入口是专门为残疾人设计的。7.attach v.系，绑，附上；使隶属系，绑，附上；使隶属You must attach a label to each piece of luggage.每件行李上，你都必须贴上标签。Its unwise to attach too much importance to the information.过于重视那个消息是不明智的。attach oneself to sb./sth.依附某人/参加某事be attached to 与有联系;与有关联No suspicion can be attached to the

10、document.那个文件不容置疑。I attached myself to a group of tourists entering the museum.我随着一队游客进入了博物馆。重点短语8.for sure肯定地肯定地易混辨析sure/certain 两者的用法相近，都可表示“确定的，肯定的”，在很多结构中可以互换，但也有区别：在It is certain that.句型中，只能用certain。在祈使句be sure to do sth.中，一般用sure而不用certain。be sure of sth./be sure that表示“确信，对做某事有把握”（指自己本身有把握）。而

11、be sure to do sth.表示“一定，务必”（指说话人的看法）。这两者都强调主观上怀有强烈的愿望及没有疑虑，主语一般是人。be certain表示“确信，对有把握”，含有无疑或十分确信的意味，强调有充分的理由或者确凿的证据，不容置疑或直接了解真相。主语既可以是人，也可以是物。sure作定语时，表示“可靠的，无误的”。certain作定语时，可以表示不确定，意为“某个，某些”；也可指程度，意为“有点，有些”。在口语中，肯定答语常用sure=surely=certainly，而certain不能用作副词。9.run out 用完，耗尽；协议（文件等）失效过期用完，耗尽；协议（文件等）失效

12、过期The resources we rely on will run out sooner or later.我们所依赖的资源迟早会枯竭的。The petrol is running out.汽油快用光了。My passport has run out.我的护照已经过期了。易混辫析run out/run out of/use up/give out run out意为“用完”，是不及物动词短语，主语一般是“物”，而run out of 意为“用完了”,是及物动词短语，主语一般是“人”。His money has run out.=He has run out of his money.他的钱

13、花完了。use up相当于run out of意为“用完，用光”。give out=run out意为“用完，耗尽，筋疲力尽”，是不及物动词短语，主语一般是“物”。After a month,their food supplies gave out.一个月后，他们的粮食储备消耗殆尽。10.get rid of 摆脱；处理掉摆脱；处理掉Its time(that)we got rid of our bad habits.该到我们改掉坏习惯的时候了。He just sat there talking all evening and I couldnt get rid of him.他坐在那谈了一个

14、晚上，而我也无法摆脱他。11.look out小心小心;当心当心易混辨析易混辨析took out/take care/be careful 这三个短语都有“当心、小心”的意思，是表示警告的日常用语。look out 语气最强，往往用于某种紧急情况或可能出现危险的场合，其后可接for宾语，提醒别人当心危险的事。Look out for the rock in the water.当心水中的石头。take care 语气没有那么强烈，指做某事时要当心，不可粗心大意，多用于对可能出现的不测做出预先提醒或警告，其后可接不定式或that从句。We must take care that no one s

15、ees us.我们必须注意别让别人看见我们。be careful可以代替look out 和take care，其后可以接不定式或about，with等介词短语。You must be careful with your glasses.你应该小心你的眼镜。重点句型12.Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change no matter where they live.每个人在出生时都会领到一个电话号码，无论他们生活在什么地每个人在出生时都会领到一个电话号码，无论他们生活在什么地方，这个号码都不

16、会改变。方，这个号码都不会改变。“no matter+疑问词.”引导让步状语从句，意为“不管,无论”，可与“疑问词ever”引导的让步状语从句互换。No matter what/Whatever happened,he would not mind.无论发生什么，他都不会介意。No matter where/Wherever you go,you will find many kind people who want to help others.无论你去哪儿，你都会发现有很多愿意帮助别人的好心人。No matter how expensive it may be,Ill take it.无论

17、它有多贵，我都要买下它。联想拓展 where/when/how+ever只引导让步状语从句，所以完全等同于no matter+where/when/how，而who/whom/what/which+ever除引导让步状语从句外还可引导名词性从句。引导名词性从句时，who/whom/what/which+ever不能转换为no matter+who/whom/what/which。这时的whatever意为“所有的一切人和事”，相当于anything that；whoever意为“任何的人”，相当于anyone who；whichever 意为“的那个人或事物”，相当于the person or

18、 the thing that。These wild flowers are so special that I would do whatever I can to save them.=These wild flowers are so special that I would do anything that I can to save them.这些野花很特别，所以我想尽我所能去挽救它们。Whoever breaks the rules will be punished.=Anyone who breaks the rules will be punished.谁违反这些规则都将受到惩

19、罚。Give it to whomever you like.=Give it to anyone whom you like.你喜欢给谁就给谁。构词法.利用派生法，品句填词利用派生法，品句填词Shanghai _ is a major _ of China,where China _ a variety of goods from the other countries and _ to the other countries.(port)答案:Port;port;imports;exports.串联扩展串联扩展在横线上填入适当的单词词根 ex/e(前缀=out)im(前缀=in)port

20、港口,口岸 export 出口,输出;出口产品 import 进口,输入;引进press 挤压,按 _1_ 表达,出来,表露expression表情,表达impress 留下印象_2_印象,影响pose 造成,引起,提问 expose 使显露,露出_3_ 说明,解释_4_推行,采用,强加imposition实施;不公平的要求migrate 移居,迁徙 _5_移出,移民到国外 immigrate 从外地移入,移民_6_n.移居,入境;移民人数1._ 2._ 3._4._ 5._ 6._答案:1.Express 2.impression 3.exposition4.Impose 5.emigrat

21、e 6.immigrationModule 2 Traffic Jam核心单词1.permitn.允许，许可（常指成文的允许）；通行证；许可证，执照允许，许可（常指成文的允许）；通行证；许可证，执照v.许可，允许许可，允许Have you got a work permit?你有工作许可证吗？We do not permit smoking in the office.我们不允许在办公室吸烟。Father would not permit the waste of a drop of water.爸爸不允许浪费一滴水。联想拓展permission n.许可；同意（常指口头的允诺）易混辨析per

22、mit/allow/promise permit与allow都可以作“允许”解。permit强调权威性的正式批准，表示“允许、准许”;allow暗含默许、放纵之意，有并不禁止的含义，表示“容许”。promise 与以上两个词的意义不同，它表示“答应,允诺”，用于主动答应（别人）自己要做某事的场合。The nurse allowed the visitors to remain beyond the hospital visiting hours,though it was not permitted.过了探视时间护士仍然允许探视者留在病房，尽管按规定这么做是不允许的。但有时二者也可通用。I p

23、romised him to attend to the matter immediately.我答应他立即处理这件事。（我处理）2.convenientadj.方便的方便的;便利的便利的We must arrange a convenient time and place for the meeting.我们必须安排一个合适的时间和地点开会。The Internet is a very convenient way to communicate and share information with people all over the world.因特网是一种非常方便的与世界各地的人们进行

24、交流和分享信息的方式。常用结构：It is/was convenient for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事方便注意：convenient作表语时，不能用表示人的名词或代词作主语。当想表达某人方便的时候应说成“when it is convenient to sb.”，而不是“when sb.be convenient”。Is it convenient for you to come out this evening?今晚你方便出来吗？convenience n.方便，便利at sb.s convenience 在某人方便的时候3.providevt.提供，供应提供，供应;准

25、备准备He had a large family to provide for.他有一个大家庭要养活。Youd better provide against an earthquake.你最好做预防地震的准备。常用结构:provide sth.提供某物provide sth.for sb.提供某物给某人provide sb.with sth.给某人提供某物The school will provide tents,but we must bring our own food.学校会提供帐篷，但是我们必须自带食物。Our school provides books for students.=O

26、ur school provides students with books.我们学校给学生们提供书本。providing/provided属分词性连词，引起一个条件状语从句，表示“假如、在的条件下”（与if同义但比if 文雅）。You may keep the book for a further week providing/provided that no one else requires it.只要没有别人需要这本书，你可以再借一个星期。易混辨析provide/supply provide与supply语义相同，意为“提供”，结构也相似，但provide不可用作名词。supply常用

27、supply sb.(with)sth.，supply sth.to sb.的结构，而provide常用provide sb.with sth.，provide sth.for sb.，provide for sth.等结构。He has a large family to provide for.他有一个大家庭要养活。These fish provide the main food for/to whales.这些鱼为鲸鱼提供了主食。Im already provided/supplied with what is necessary.我需要的一切都有了。4.moodn.心情；情绪；语气；状

28、态心情；情绪；语气；状态When you are in a bad mood,how to adjust yourself?在心情不好的时候，怎样调节自己的情绪？Good health with the happy mood which comes from it,is the best fund of happiness.良好的健康状况和由之而来的愉快心情，是幸福的最好基金。Im not in the mood to argue with you.我没有心情跟你争论。联想拓展in a good/bad mood 心情好/不好in no mood for sth./to do sth.不想/无

29、意做某事moody adj.喜怒无常的;抑郁的moodily adv.心情不稳地;易生气地易混辨析mood/temper mood指“在某一特定时间内由某种感情或欲望而引起的心情或情绪”。temper除指“心情，情绪”外，还有“性情，脾气”的含义。He is in the mood for listening to various music.他想听各种不同的音乐。I found it hard to keep my temper with so many things going wrong.出了这么多乱子，我很难不发脾气。5.explore vt.探索；探测；探险；考察；研究探索；探测；探

30、险；考察；研究Scientists launched rockets to explore space.科学家发射火箭用来探测太空。We explored several solutions to the problems.我们探讨了几种解决该问题的办法。The meeting will also explore ways to help poor countries adapt to these changes.会议也将探索如何帮助贫困国家适应这些改变的方法。联想拓展exploration n.勘探，探索exploratory adj.勘探的，探索的explorer n.探索者，勘探者6.l

31、eavev.使使处于某种状态，作此意讲时，常用于处于某种状态，作此意讲时，常用于“leave+复合宾复合宾语语”结构。结构。常用结构：leave+宾语+adj./n.adv.doing(宾语和动词为主动的关系)done（宾语和动词为被动关系）to do(不定式表动作没有发生,是将来的动作)介词短语 从句Marys parents died,leaving her an orphan.玛丽的父母去世了，她成了孤儿。Youd better leave the door open.你最好让门开着。Leave it as it is!别动，让它保持现状！They walked off,leaving

32、me sitting there all by myself.他们走了，让我一个人孤零零地坐在那里。重点短语7.get around四处走动；（新闻或消息）传开四处走动；（新闻或消息）传开;解决解决It quickly got around that Mark was back in town.马克回城的消息很快传开了。The stranger lost his way and got around in the street.那个陌生人迷了路，在大街上四处游逛。I dont know how hes going to get around that one.我不知道他打算如何处理此事。联想拓

33、展get across理解；明白get on/along(with)进展；相处get over 结束；康复；克服get down to(doing)sth.开始认真做某事get through 接通（电话）；顺利通过（考试等）get out of（使）逃避；避免；摆脱8.under construction在建设中在建设中The new railway is still under construction.新铁路还在建设之中。under与某些名词连用可表示“处于某种状态之中”。under attack 遭受攻击under repair 在修理中under control 在控制之中under

34、 discussion 在讨论中under the leadership of 在领导下My bike is under repair.我的自行车正在修理中。Now the small country is under attack by several countries.现在这个小国正在遭受几个国家的攻击。9.in no time立刻立刻;赶快赶快;马上马上The kids will be leaving home in no time.孩子们马上就要离开家了。In no time,the locusts came down and started eating everything.蝗虫

35、立刻冲下来，开始吃所有的东西。联想拓展 in time 及时;迟早;最终in a short time 很快on time 按时at a time 逐次;每次at one time 曾经;一度at no time 在任何时候都不;绝不all the time 始终by the time 到的时候10.be connected to与与相连相连易混辨析易混辨析be connected to/be connected with be connected to强调“与相连接”，相连接的两个事物之间无联系，通过某种媒介把事物连接起来。be connected with强调“与有联系/有关联”，两个事物

36、有关系，有联系（=have something to do with）。My computer can be connected to the Internet.我的电脑能上网。These two subjects are closely connected with each other.这两门学科紧密相连。重点句型11.Why not build more underground lines?为什么不铺设更多的地下铁路呢？为什么不铺设更多的地下铁路呢？why not.?为什么不？Why not do.?=Why dont you do.?这两个句型都用来表示提出忠告或建议，前者是后者的省略

37、形式，前者用省略to的不定式，后者是完整的否定疑问句。Why not?也可单独使用，表示“为什么不行?（反问，不赞同）”“好啊!”“请（同意，赞同）”。另外，Why do.？也可用来表示“责备或指责”，表示没有必要或没有意义。It looks like to rain.Why not take a raincoat?天像要下雨了。你为什么不带件雨衣呢？Since you have to stay at home,why dont you do some reading?既然你必须待在家里，为什么不读点书呢？You shouldnt go out with me.你不该跟我出去。Why not?

38、为什么不行？Why argue with him?Hell never change his mind.为什么要和他争论？他永远也不会改变主意的。构词法.利用派生法，品句填词利用派生法，品句填词1.We had a discussion about how to _ the problem of energy shortage,and thought the best _ is to develop energy saving products and adopt new circling green energy.(solve)2.The state started to _ a moder

39、n fishing harbour and when we got to the _ site,we found it was still under _.(construct)答案:1.solve;solution2.construct;construction;construction.串联扩展串联扩展在横线上填入适当的单词或词义在横线上填入适当的单词或词义动词 名词加后缀(a)tionattract吸引；使激发 attraction 吸引，有吸引力的食物 congest使充满；使拥塞 _1_拥塞；堆积 collect 收集，征集 collection _2_imagine想象，设想 im

40、agination _3_civilize 使开化，使文明 _4_文明consider 考虑 consideration _5_1._ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 答案:1.Congestion 2.募捐，收藏品 3.想象力，想象4.Civilization 5.体贴，深思Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communication核心单词核心单词1.vary vi.变化变化;变动变动;改变改变常用结构：常用结构：vary from.to.从到情况不等vary in.在某方面不同vary with.随变化The colour of leaves v

41、aries with weather.叶子的颜色随着天气的变化而变化。The students of the class vary in age from 7 to 13.这个班的学生年龄从7岁到13岁不等。variety n.种类；种种；多样性various adj.不同的，各种各样的a variety of 各种各样的；一种的变体There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from.有种类繁多的图案可供选择。易混辨析vary/change vary侧重指“变化”；强调“有所不同”。change指“使发生以新代旧的变化”或“使改变得与原物完全不

42、同”。Try not to start every sentence with“the”.Vary the beginning of your sentences.尽量不要让每个句子都以the开头，让你的句子开头有所变化。2.gesturen.作作“手势手势”讲时一般用作可数名词，但当表示整体概念时，常作讲时一般用作可数名词，但当表示整体概念时，常作不可数名词；作不可数名词；作“姿势，表示姿势，表示”讲时用作可数名词。讲时用作可数名词。v.打手势；示意打手势；示意 English people do not use as much gesture as Italians.英国人不如意大利人用的

43、手势多。He said that he would help,but Im sure it was only a gesture.他说他会帮我的，但我相信这只不过是一种表示而已。We show respect for people by using different gestures.我们用不同的姿势来表示对别人的尊敬。She was gesturing so excitedly that I knew something was wrong.她激动得直打手势，我知道出问题了。常用结构：make a friendly gesture to sb.向某人作友善的表示He made a rude

44、 gesture with his fingers.他用手指做了一个不礼貌的手势。municatevt.传递信息，交流传递信息，交流常用结构：communicate sth.to sb.传达（新闻，消息，感情）；传递（运动）。其后面常跟事物名词作宾语。communicate with通信息，联系，谋求思想的沟通，相通She communicated her intention to me.她把她的意向告诉了我。They communicated the news to me yesterday.=They communicated me the news yesterday.他们昨天把那个消息

45、告诉了我。Young people should often communicate with their parents.年轻人应该经常同他们的父母沟通。My garden communicates with the garden next door by means of a gate.我的花园与隔壁的花园有门相通。communication n.通信，联络；交通或通讯工具Among the deaf and dumb,communication may be carried on by means of the fingers alphabet.聋哑人借助手语传达意思。Language

46、is a major means of communication.语言是主要的交际工具。4.dealn.协议；交易协议；交易v.经营；买卖；处理经营；买卖；处理常用结构：make/do/conclude a deal with sb.与某人达成一笔交易a great/good deal of大量的;许多的deal in.在某方面经营生意deal with处理；与做生意；涉及；论述It is a deal.(口语)成交/就这么办吧！He didnt know how to deal with the problem.他不知道如何处理这个问题。Ill make a deal with you;y

47、ou help me with my math homework and Ill clean the floor for you.我想和你做一笔交易，你帮我做数学作业而我帮你打扫地板。5.involvev.包括；涉及；卷入包括；涉及；卷入常用结构：involve sb.in(doing)sth.使某人参与（做）某事，使某人牵扯到某事中be/get/become involved in 卷入之中;专心于The job involves a lot of travelling.这份工作需要经常出差。He became involved in the criminal activities.他与这次

48、犯罪活动有关。Please dont involve me in your family arguments.别把我牵扯进你们的家庭争执中去。He was involved in working out a plan all night.他整个晚上都在聚精会神地制定计划。involved adj.复杂的，有牵连的，有关的易混辨析involve/include/contain 这三个词都有“包括”的意思。involve指使包括的事物成为必然的结果或条件；include指所含的东西只是整体的一部分；contain是全部包括，另外还可表示与所包含的东西是一个有机整体，不可分割。There are f

49、ive people in the car,including two children.车上有五个人，包括两个小孩。The whole book contains 12 units,including two mainly revisions.这本书总共有12个单元，包括2个复习单元。Being a sailor involves long periods away from home.作为海员，就必然会长期不在家。6.favourn.好意，帮助，恩惠；喜爱，宠爱；偏爱好意，帮助，恩惠；喜爱，宠爱；偏爱常用结构：ask sb.a favour=ask a favour of sb.请某人帮忙

50、do sb.a favour=do a favour for sb.帮某人一个忙in favour of 支持，赞同in sb.s favour 对某人有利out of favour 失宠的;不流行的find/lose favour with sb.得/失宠于某人Can you do me a favour to take a picture of me?你能帮个忙，给我拍张照吗？A mother shouldnt show too much favour to one of her children.母亲不应偏袒任 何一个孩子。Everyone is in favour of Toms pr