状语从句课件2.ppt

《状语从句课件2.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《状语从句课件2.ppt（56页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、副词性从句（状语从句）语法讲与练副词性从句（状语从句）语法讲与练u定义定义:一个_用作状语时,在语法上叫状语从句。这个句子可修饰主句的_，_，_ 或_。状语从句通常由一个引起或起连词作用的_引起或由_，_等引起。句子句子谓语谓语定语定语状语状语整个句子整个句子连词连词词组词组副词副词名词词组名词词组1.While I was walking along the street,I found manybeautifulbuildings()2.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.()3.Nowthateverybodyishere,letsbeginourmeeting.

2、（）4.Illspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme.()5.Socleverwas hethathewas abletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems.()6.Aslongasyoudontloseheart,youllsucceed.()7.Tryashemight,hecouldnotfindajob.()8.The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.()9.HeistallerthanIam.()时间时间地点地点 原因原因 目的目的 结果结果条件条件让步让步方

3、式方式 比较比较二、二、Identify the types of the Adverbial Clauses.例例句句导导入入三三 九九种种常常用用的的状状语语从从句句 时间状语从句时间状语从句地点状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句原因状语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句目的状语从句目的状语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句方式状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句比较状语从句 状语从句有九种，状语从句有九种，时地原因条时地原因条状补，状补，目比结果方让步目比结果方让步，连词引导各不同；连词引导各不同；主句通常前面走，主句通常前面走，连词引导紧随后，连词引导紧随后，从句若在主前头，从句

4、若在主前头，主从之间有个逗。主从之间有个逗。状语从句助记口诀：n n1 状语从句连词的含义及用法比较；状语从句连词的含义及用法比较；n n2、no matter wh-与与 wh-ever 引导的从引导的从句的区别；句的区别；n n3、状语从句的时态问题；、状语从句的时态问题；n n4、状语从句倒装及省略问题；、状语从句倒装及省略问题；n n5、状语从句与其它从句区别。、状语从句与其它从句区别。状语从状语从状语从状语从句类型句类型句类型句类型从属连词从属连词从属连词从属连词时间时间时间时间状状状状从从从从地点地点地点地点状状状状从从从从原因原因原因原因状状状状从从从从结果结果结果结果状状状状从

5、从从从条件条件条件条件状状状状从从从从目的目的目的目的状状状状从从从从让步让步让步让步状状状状从从从从方式方式方式方式状状状状从从从从比较比较比较比较状状状状从从从从when，whenever，while，as，before，after，since，till,until，notuntil,the moment，immediately，no soonerthan，the first/secondtime，every time,instantly，hardlywhenwhere,wherever because,as,since,considering that,now(that)，in that

6、,seeing thatso that,sothat,suchthatif，unless，as long as,suppose，supposing(that)，in case，so far as，provided(that)so，so that，in order that，for fear that，lestalthough,though,however(=no matter how),even if/though,whetheror,no matter wh-,whileas，as if，as thoughasas，not as/so as，than引导状语从句的关联词是引导状语从句的关联词

7、是从属连词从属连词考点（1）when,as,while 引导时间状语从句When既可引导持续动作，又可引导短暂动作。它表示主既可引导持续动作，又可引导短暂动作。它表示主句动作和从句动作同时发生，或从句动作在主句动作之前。句动作和从句动作同时发生，或从句动作在主句动作之前。WhenIwasaboy,IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays.（同时）（同时）Whenthelessonwasover,webeganourwriting.（从句动作在前）（从句动作在前）while指指“在某一时间里在某一时间里”，“在在期间期间”，从句动作必，从句动作必须是持续性；也强调主句和从句

8、动作的同时发生，往往侧须是持续性；也强调主句和从句动作的同时发生，往往侧重主从句动作的对比。重主从句动作的对比。WhilehewasinLondon,hestudiedmusic.as常和常和when,while通用，但侧重主句和从句的动作同时发通用，但侧重主句和从句的动作同时发生，说明两种正在发展和变化的情况。生，说明两种正在发展和变化的情况。Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.Isawyoursisterasshewasgettingonthebusyesterday.Hesangashewalked.一、时间状语从句一、时间状语从句_thedaywen

9、ton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As当当when,as,while表示表示“在在一段时间里一段时间里”，主从句的动，主从句的动作同时发生时，可以换用。如：作同时发生时，可以换用。如：While(When或或As)wewerediscussing,Mr.Smithcamein.When和和while引导时间状语从句时，若主句的主语和从引导时间状语从句时，若主句的主语和从句的主语一致的时候，可以用句的主语一致的时候，可以用when/while+分词表示。分词表示。Whencrossingtheroad,youshouldwatchoutfo

10、rthecars.As还可以做介词使用。还可以做介词使用。_ayoungman,hewenttoFranceforFrench.A.WhenB.WhileC.AsD.Since*when可表示可表示“如果如果”。如：。如：Itsmucheasiertomakefriends_youhavesimilarinterests.（2013安徽卷）安徽卷）A.UnlessB.eventhoughC.sothatD.whenwhen和和while还可以是并列连词，意思分别是还可以是并列连词，意思分别是“就在这就在这时时”，“然而然而”。如。如：Hewasabouttotellmethesecret_so

11、meonepattedhimontheshoulder.Theresnowayofknowingwhyonemanmakesanimportantdiscovery_anotherman,alsointelligent,fails.（2013课标卷）课标卷）whenwhile考点考点2 表示时间的词组引导状从表示时间的词组引导状从as soon as,no soonerthan,hardly(barely,scarcely)when等用法都表示主从动作相继发生。等用法都表示主从动作相继发生。hardly和和no sooner放在句首，从句要倒装。放在句首，从句要倒装。请翻译：她一坐下，电话就响

12、了。请翻译：她一坐下，电话就响了。Hardly had she sat down when the telephone rang.No sooner had he finished his talk than he was surrounded by the workers.immediately,instantlyimmediately,instantly，directly,the directly,the momentmoment，the instant,the minute,the the instant,the minute,the secondsecond，the day(the+t

13、he day(the+瞬时名词瞬时名词瞬时名词瞬时名词/段时名词段时名词段时名词段时名词)等等等等 by the time,each time,every time,any by the time,each time,every time,any time,last time,next time,first time,soon time,last time,next time,first time,soon after,shortly afterafter,shortly after都可以作为连词引导时间状都可以作为连词引导时间状都可以作为连词引导时间状都可以作为连词引导时间状语。语。语。语。

14、表示时间概念的词也可引导时间状从。表示时间概念的词也可引导时间状从。表示时间概念的词也可引导时间状从。表示时间概念的词也可引导时间状从。例：例：例：例：I went to see him immediately I heard I went to see him immediately I heard from him.from him.By the time he was fourBy the time he was four,he,he had taughthad taught himself math.himself math.Each time he came,Each time he

15、 came,he would call on me.he would call on me._herhome,Jeniferturnedonhercomputerandchattedonline.A.AssoonasshereturnedB.AftershegotC.OnarrivingD.Directlyshereached考点考点考点考点3 until/till3 until/tilltill/until till/until 常可互换，但常可互换，但常可互换，但常可互换，但tilltill不放在句首。不放在句首。不放在句首。不放在句首。主句谓语动词是主句谓语动词是主句谓语动词是主句谓语动

16、词是持续动词持续动词持续动词持续动词，“直到直到直到直到为止为止为止为止”。如：。如：。如：。如：I worked till(until)he came back.I worked till(until)he came back.notuntil:“notuntil:“直到直到直到直到才才才才”,主句谓语动词必须是主句谓语动词必须是主句谓语动词必须是主句谓语动词必须是短暂性短暂性短暂性短暂性的。如的。如的。如的。如：She wont go to bed till/until he She wont go to bed till/until he returns home.returns hom

17、e.注意：注意：注意：注意：not until not until 构成的强调句型和倒装句型：构成的强调句型和倒装句型：构成的强调句型和倒装句型：构成的强调句型和倒装句型：It was not until he came back that I knew it.=It was not until he came back that I knew it.=Not until he came back did I know it.Not until he came back did I know it.Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdhislistenerscuri

18、osity_hereachestheendofthestory.Notuntilhewentthroughrealhardship_(realize)thelovewehaveforourfamiliesisimportant.（2013福建卷）福建卷）untildidherealize*如果如果before引导的从句位于主句之后，词义非常引导的从句位于主句之后，词义非常灵活灵活，注意下列句子中的，注意下列句子中的before的词义的词义：1.BeforeIcouldgetinaword,thetailorhadmeasuredme.(还没来得及还没来得及就就)2.Wehadntrunamil

19、ebeforehefelttired.(还没还没就就)3.Wehadsailed4daysbeforewesawland.(才才)4.Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.(趁还趁还没没就就)考点考点4beforeThemeaningoftheword“nice”changedafewtimes_itfinallycametoincludethesense“pleasant.”(14安徽卷安徽卷)Imsorryyouvebeenwaitingsolong,butitllstillbesometime_Briangetsback.Theyoungcouple,wh

20、oreturnedmylostwallet,left_Icouldaskfortheirnames.（2014陕西卷）陕西卷）Hemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituation_itgotworse.beforebeforebeforebefore重要考点重要考点几个极易混淆的时间状语从句：几个极易混淆的时间状语从句：几个极易混淆的时间状语从句：几个极易混淆的时间状语从句：It was+It was+时间点时间点时间点时间点+when+when（当（当（当（当的时候时间是）的时候时间是）的时候时间是）的时候时间是）It was 5 am when we

21、arrived at the village.It was 5 am when we arrived at the village.It was/will be+It was/will be+时间段时间段时间段时间段+before(+before(没过没过没过没过就过了就过了就过了就过了才才才才)It was/will be two weeks before we met/meet It was/will be two weeks before we met/meet again.again.It is/has been+It is/has been+时间段时间段时间段时间段+since+si

22、nce（自从（自从（自从（自从以来有以来有以来有以来有）It is/has been 3 years since we last met.It is/has been 3 years since we last met.突破点：一看突破点：一看突破点：一看突破点：一看bebe动词的时态，二看时间段还是时间点。动词的时态，二看时间段还是时间点。动词的时态，二看时间段还是时间点。动词的时态，二看时间段还是时间点。注意：在注意：在“It is/has been+时间段时间段+since”句型中，从句句型中，从句的动词必须是短暂性的，如果是的动词必须是短暂性的，如果是延续性的延续性的动词动词，时间要从

23、，时间要从从句的动作结束从句的动作结束时算起。如：时算起。如：It is 3 years since I smoked.(我戒烟我戒烟有三年了有三年了)注意：注意：时间状语从句中谓语动词不能用任何一种将时间状语从句中谓语动词不能用任何一种将来时，只能用现在时和过去时表示将来时。来时，只能用现在时和过去时表示将来时。二、地点状语从句二、地点状语从句where/wherever引导，要注意引导，要注意wherethere连用的某些情连用的某些情况下，使得地点从句更像是一个条件句。况下，使得地点从句更像是一个条件句。例如：例如：Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Icanno

24、theartheprofessorclearlyasthereistoomuchnoise_Iamsitting.（2013上海卷）上海卷）A.beforeB.untilC.whereD.unless考点考点考点考点 地点状语从句和定语从句的区别：地点状语从句和定语从句的区别：地点状语从句和定语从句的区别：地点状语从句和定语从句的区别：定语从句前有一个表示地点的名词作先行词；而地点状定语从句前有一个表示地点的名词作先行词；而地点状定语从句前有一个表示地点的名词作先行词；而地点状定语从句前有一个表示地点的名词作先行词；而地点状语从句无此特征。语从句无此特征。语从句无此特征。语从句无此特征。地点状

25、语从句可位于句首，而定语从句不可。地点状语从句可位于句首，而定语从句不可。地点状语从句可位于句首，而定语从句不可。地点状语从句可位于句首，而定语从句不可。I found the pen where I had left itI found the pen where I had left itI found the pen in the desk where I had left itI found the pen in the desk where I had left itThe book has helped me greatly in my daily The book has hel

26、ped me greatly in my daily communication,especially at work _ a good communication,especially at work _ a good impression is a must.(2014 impression is a must.(2014 江苏卷江苏卷江苏卷江苏卷)A.which B.when C.as D.whereA.which B.when C.as D.where三、原因状语从句：三、原因状语从句：考点考点1：because,as,since,for引导原因状从的区别。引导原因状从的区别。beca

27、use表示的原因因果关系很强表示的原因因果关系很强,as和和since表示已知的表示已知的或比较明显的原因，译为或比较明显的原因，译为“由于由于”“既然既然”，since比比as更正式，更正式，as从句有时候可以倒装。从句有时候可以倒装。1.在强调句中强调原因状语从句，只能用在强调句中强调原因状语从句，只能用because引导，引导，不可用不可用as或或since，如：如：Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidntgowithus.2.because可以引导表语从句可以引导表语从句,而而as,since不可以，这时主不可以，这时主语一语一般都是般都是it,this,that

28、如如：Itsbecauseheistoolazy.3.Tiredashewas,hewenttobedearly.(倒装表示原因倒装表示原因)as也可以引导让步状语从句，具体意义由上下文表明。也可以引导让步状语从句，具体意义由上下文表明。4.*for也有也有“因为因为”之意，是并列连词，语气较强。常用之意，是并列连词，语气较强。常用来补充说明原因或用来表示推断的依据，前面常带逗号。来补充说明原因或用来表示推断的依据，前面常带逗号。如：如：Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswetMarkneedstolearnChinese_hiscompanyis

29、openingabranchinBeijing.（2013山东卷）山东卷）A.untilB.althoughC.unlessD.since 考点考点考点考点2 Now that(2 Now that(既然既然既然既然),seeing that,considering),seeing that,considering that that 等也可以引导原因状语从句。等也可以引导原因状语从句。等也可以引导原因状语从句。等也可以引导原因状语从句。_you have finished your homework,you you have finished your homework,you may go

30、 home now.may go home now.A.When B.In that A.When B.In that C.From that D.Now thatC.From that D.Now that四、条件状语从句四、条件状语从句:由由if,unless,so/aslongas(只要只要),so/asfaras,incase(that)(万一万一),supposingthat,providing/providedthat等等引导：引导：Ifplasticsandrubberareburned,theygiveoffpoisonousgases.Youcangoout,aslongas

31、(solongas)youpromisetobebackbeforeeleven.IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeaboutthat.注意：条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态不可用将来注意：条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态不可用将来时，只能用现在时态或过去时态表示将来时。时，只能用现在时态或过去时态表示将来时。AsfarasIcantell,thewholethingshouldcostabout$500.Unlessyouworkhard,youwillfail,1)Johnmayphonetonight.Idontwanttogoout_hephones.A.aslong

32、asB.inorderthatC.incaseD.sothat2)_wehaveenoughevidence,wecantwinthecase.（2013重庆卷）重庆卷）A.OnceB.AslongasC.SinceD.Unless3)Youwillsucceedintheend_youdontgiveuphalfway.A.evenifB.asthoughC.aslongasD.unless五五让步状语从句：让步状语从句：由由though,although,as(虽然尽管虽然尽管),evenif,eventhough,wh-ever,nomatter-wh,whether引导引导.1)Tho

33、ughheisold,yetheisactive.2)Althoughmostofthepeopleagreed,somewerenotwillingtoaccept.3)Proudasthenoblesare,heisafraidtoseeme.Wewouldntloseheartevenifweshouldfailtentimes.4)Whenever(=nomatterwhen)youcallonme,youarealwayswelcome.5)Wherever(nomatterwhere)youwork,youcanalwaysfindtimetostudy.6)Taketheoney

34、oulikebest,whichever(nomatterwhich)itis.7)NomatterwhatIsayorhowIsayit,healwaysthinksImwrong.8)Whetherhecomesornot,welldiscusstheproblemthisafternoon.注意：注意：（1）让步状语从句在句中的位置可放前也可放后，有）让步状语从句在句中的位置可放前也可放后，有时还可以插在主句中间，前置时，强调主句内容，后置时时还可以插在主句中间，前置时，强调主句内容，后置时强调从句内容。强调从句内容。（2）though与与although同义，用法基本一样，前者通俗，同

35、义，用法基本一样，前者通俗，口语化；后者较正式，多放于句首，不能与口语化；后者较正式，多放于句首，不能与but连用，但连用，但可以与可以与yet,still等连用，用来加强语气。等连用，用来加强语气。Though(Although)hewastired,yet(still)hewentonworking.考点考点考点考点1 as1 as引导让步状语从句倒装引导让步状语从句倒装引导让步状语从句倒装引导让步状语从句倒装,作为从句表语的形容词作为从句表语的形容词作为从句表语的形容词作为从句表语的形容词或者名词位于从句主语之前。此外还有或者名词位于从句主语之前。此外还有或者名词位于从句主语之前。此外还

36、有或者名词位于从句主语之前。此外还有howeverhowever也要倒也要倒也要倒也要倒装。装。装。装。although although 不可以倒装，不可以倒装，不可以倒装，不可以倒装，thoughthough可倒可不倒，不倒多可倒可不倒，不倒多可倒可不倒，不倒多可倒可不倒，不倒多_,he doesnt study well._,he doesnt study well.A.A.As he is clever B.He is as cleverAs he is clever B.He is as cleverC.Clever as he is D.As clever he isC.Cleve

37、r as he is D.As clever he isYou should report any incident,_ serious You should report any incident,_ serious or minor it is.or minor it is.A.however B.whatever C.whoever D.A.however B.whatever C.whoever D.whicheverwhichever考点考点考点考点2 whether 2 whether 引导状从引导状从引导状从引导状从 和和和和 or or 连用连用连用连用Whether sick

38、 or well,shes always happy.Whether sick or well,shes always happy.1)_,IhaveneverseenanyonewhosascapableasJohn.A.AslongasIhavetraveledB.NowthatIhavetraveledtomuchC.MuchasIhavetraveledD.AsIgavetraveledtomuch2)Lessonscanbelearnedtofacethefuture,_historycannotbechanged.（2014江苏卷）江苏卷）A.unlessB.sinceC.thou

39、ghD.as3)-Dad,Ivefinishedmyassignment.-Good,and_youplayorwatchTV,youmustntdisturbme.A.wheneverB.whetherC.whateverD.nomatter4)Onecanalwaysmanagetodomorethings,nomatter_fullonesscheduleisinlife.（2013辽宁卷）辽宁卷）A.howB.whatC.whenD.where5)Intheglobaleconomy,anewdrugforcancer,_itisdiscovered,willcreatemanyeco

40、nomicpossibilitiesintheworld.（2013江苏卷）江苏卷）A.whoeverB.whicheverC.whereverD.whatever 六六方式状语从句：方式状语从句：Theteachertoldthestudentstodoashedid.Leaveitasitis.Heheardanoise,asifsomeonewasbreathing.Isawthemanlookingabouthimasifhewishedtoimpressuponhismindeverything.asif和和asthough意义和用法大致一样，引导的从句多用虚意义和用法大致一样，引导

41、的从句多用虚拟语气，但也可用陈述语气。拟语气，但也可用陈述语气。HetreatsmeasifIwerehisownson.由连词：由连词：as（像（像一样）一样）,asif,asthough引导引导七七目的状语从句目的状语从句通常由通常由that,sothat,inorderthat,sothat,incase（以以防、免得）防、免得）forfearthat(以防，以免以防，以免)等引导等引导Hegotupearlyinorderthathecouldcatchtheearlybus.Shemarriedhimsothatshemighttendandcomforthim.Iexplained

42、againincaseheshouldmisunderstandme.注意注意:目的状语从句中谓语动词常含有目的状语从句中谓语动词常含有may(might),can(could)should,will等情态动词。等情态动词。Ihidtheknifeunderthebed_hefoundit.A.ifB.sothatC.forfearthatD.inorderthat1)Rosesneedspecialcare_theycanlivethroughwinter.A.becauseB.sothatC.evenfD.as2)Cathyhadquitherjobwhenhersonwasborn_sh

43、ecouldstayhomeandraiseherfamily.（14浙江卷）浙江卷）A.sothatB.onlyifC.nowthatD.asif八八结果状语从句：结果状语从句：Itwasverycold,_theriverfroze.Thebookis_written_itgivesaquitewrongideaofthefacts.Therewere_manypeople(=suchalotofpeople)intheroom_wecouldnotgetin.Hemade_anexcellentspeech_everyoneadmiredhim.由由that,sothat,sothat,

44、suchthat，withtheresultthat引导：引导：注意注意so在主句中修饰形容词或者副词，在主句中修饰形容词或者副词，such在主句中修在主句中修饰名词饰名词sothatsososuchthatthatthat考点考点考点考点1 sothat 1 sothat 和和和和 suchthat suchthat 在一定条件下可以互相在一定条件下可以互相在一定条件下可以互相在一定条件下可以互相换。换。换。换。suchsuch修饰带有形容词的单数可数名词时，可以用修饰带有形容词的单数可数名词时，可以用修饰带有形容词的单数可数名词时，可以用修饰带有形容词的单数可数名词时，可以用sothats

45、othat来代替来代替来代替来代替suchthat,suchthat,这时不定冠词在形容词之这时不定冠词在形容词之这时不定冠词在形容词之这时不定冠词在形容词之后；当后；当后；当后；当such such 修饰不可数名词和复数名词时，不能用修饰不可数名词和复数名词时，不能用修饰不可数名词和复数名词时，不能用修饰不可数名词和复数名词时，不能用sothatsothat来代替来代替来代替来代替suchthat,suchthat,但可以用但可以用但可以用但可以用so many,so so many,so much,so few,so littlemuch,so few,so little等短语等短语等短语

46、等短语Its such a good film that Ive seen it twice.Its such a good film that Ive seen it twice.=It is _ that Ive seen it twice.=It is _ that Ive seen it twice.(so)(so)Ive so few chances that I can enjoy myself.Ive so few chances that I can enjoy myself.sogoodafilm考点考点考点考点2 so that2 so that表示目的还是表示结果？有时看

47、逗号。结表示目的还是表示结果？有时看逗号。结表示目的还是表示结果？有时看逗号。结表示目的还是表示结果？有时看逗号。结果从句多用逗号隔开。果从句多用逗号隔开。果从句多用逗号隔开。果从句多用逗号隔开。We arrived early so that we could get good seats.We arrived early so that we could get good seats.We arrived early,so that we got good seats.We arrived early,so that we got good seats.考点考点考点考点3 3 若表示强调，

48、可以将若表示强调，可以将若表示强调，可以将若表示强调，可以将soso或者或者或者或者suchsuch移到句首，主句移到句首，主句移到句首，主句移到句首，主句用部分倒装。用部分倒装。用部分倒装。用部分倒装。So badly was he ill that he was taken to the So badly was he ill that he was taken to the hospital.hospital.九、比较状语从句：九、比较状语从句：由连词由连词asas,notso(as)as,than等引导：等引导：Ihopeitwasasgoodastheoneyoulentme.Act

49、uallytheoceanfloorarealmostasirregularastheexposedlandarea.Noonecanbemorefitforhisofficethanheis.Hecantrunsofastasshe.考点考点1：“the+比较级比较级(接从句接从句)，the+比较级比较级(接主句接主句)，这一句型也归在比较状语从句内。如：这一句型也归在比较状语从句内。如：Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouknow.Theharderwework,thehappierwefeel.AsfarasIamconcerned,educationisaboutlea

50、rningandthemoreyoulearn,_.A.themoreforlifeareyouequippedB.themoreequippedforlifeyouareC.themorelifeyouareequippedforD.youareequippedthemoreforlife考点考点考点考点2 2 比较状从常用比较状从常用比较状从常用比较状从常用asas或或或或thanthan引导时，有一些成分被省引导时，有一些成分被省引导时，有一些成分被省引导时，有一些成分被省略略略略,有时候要用有时候要用有时候要用有时候要用that that 来代替比较对象，否则要产生歧来代替比较对象，否