定语从句课件---中考复习.ppt

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1、定语从句定语从句 The Attributive ClauseWhich one is Harry Porter?戴着眼睛的男孩是哈利波特The boy is wearing glasses The boy is Harry Porter定语从句定语从句（The Attributive Clause）一一 概念概念 定语从句（定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在）在句中做句中做定语定语，修饰一个，修饰一个名词或代词名词或代词，被修饰的名词被修饰的名词,词组或代词即词组或代词即先行词先行词。定语从句通常出现定语从句通常出现在先行词之后在先行词之后，由，由关系词关系词（关系代词或关

2、系副词）引出（关系代词或关系副词）引出。形容词、代词、名词等可做定语形容词、代词、名词等可做定语 smart boy，many people，your card number，teaching plan。从句从句位置：先行词之后位置：先行词之后 形容词性的从句形容词性的从句关系词的作用关系词的作用 1.连接作用，引导定语从句。连接作用，引导定语从句。2.代替先行词。代替先行词。3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。在定语从句中担当一个成分。The boy who is wearing glasses is Harry Porter The boy who is wearing glasses is H

3、arry Porter 先行词先行词 关系词关系词 定语从句定语从句 关系代词关系代词 关系副词关系副词 who that which where when why whom whose二二 关系词的用法关系词的用法1.关系代词关系代词 who that 主语主语/宾语宾语 先行词是先行词是人人 whom 宾语宾语 先行词是先行词是物物 which/that 主语主语/宾语宾语 that 先行词是先行词是人和物人和物 whose 作先行词定语作先行词定语关系代词Try it指出关系代词在句子中的成分指出关系代词在句子中的成分1.He is the man(whom/that)I saw yes

4、terday.2.The book(which)my sisiter gave me is very interesting 3.He lives in a room whose window faces south 4.The girl who/that came to our clase is Liming 5.He has a friend whose father is a doctor.宾语定语宾语定语主语三三 如何选定定语从句关系词如何选定定语从句关系词1.分辨主句和定语从句分辨主句和定语从句2.确定定语从句的先行词（确定定语从句的先行词（人人/物物/人和人和物）物）3.把先行词带

5、到从句中，看其在定语从把先行词带到从句中，看其在定语从句中充当的成分（主语句中充当的成分（主语 宾语宾语 定语定语 状语）状语）4.若先行词在从句中做若先行词在从句中做主语，宾语或定主语，宾语或定语语则用则用关系代词关系代词，如果做，如果做状语状语则用则用关关系副词系副词。用关系代用关系代词词填空：填空：that、which、who、whom、whose 1.This is the man _ wants to see you.2.clock is a machine _ tells people the time.3.This is shirt _ I bought yesterday.4.

6、This is the boy with _he talkedwho that which what which that whomwho whom whose that 用法区别用法区别1.who指人，在从句中做指人，在从句中做主语主语或或宾语宾语 The boys who are playing football are from Class One.The boys are from Class One分解分解 The boys are playing football 做主语做主语2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，宾语，常可省略。常可省略。Mr.Liu is

7、 the person(whom)you talked about.Mr.Liu is the person 分解分解 You talked with the person 注意：关系代词注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式在口语和非正式语体中常用语体中常用who代替，可省略。代替，可省略。作宾语作宾语若介词放在关系代词前，关系若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词代词指人时用指人时用whom，不可用，不可用who或者或者that，也不能省略，也不能省略The man with you talked is my friend.The man you talked with is my friend.w

8、hom（whom/who/that）3.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语语 I know the boy whose father is a doctor.I know the boy分解分解 The boys father is a doctor 作定语作定语4.that指人时，相当于指人时，相当于who 或者或者whom；指物时，相当于；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning

9、?A plane is a machine that can fly.which 和和 that的用法的用法which和和that通常指物，既可以作主语通常指物，既可以作主语也可以作宾语，作宾语可以省略。也可以作宾语，作宾语可以省略。(1)Football is a game which/that is liked by most boys.(2)This is the pen(which/that)he bought yesterday.作作主语主语作作宾语宾语which 和和 that的区别的区别只能用只能用that的情况的情况This is the most interesting bo

10、ok that Ive ever read.This is the first play that i have seen since i came here This is the very book that belongs to him 1.当当形容词最高级形容词最高级和和序数词序数词修饰先行词时修饰先行词时2.先行词被先行词被the very,the only,the last,the same 修饰时修饰时Pay attention to everything that I doThe teacher wants to teach us all that he knows.I hav

11、e read all the books that you lent me3.当先行词是当先行词是everything,something,anything,nothing,all,little,much 等时等时4.当先行词被当先行词被no,all,any,little,every,some 修饰时修饰时Whats the name of the animals that jumps aboutWhich is the bike that you lost?They had a long talk about the persons and things that they both kne

12、w5,.当先行词是有生命的动物或人时，当先行词是有生命的动物或人时，宜使用宜使用that而不是而不是which6.当主句中已有疑问词当主句中已有疑问词who或或which时，时，要用关系代词要用关系代词that。7.当先行词同时指人和物时当先行词同时指人和物时只用只用which的情况的情况1.在介词后面的关系代词在介词后面的关系代词The picture for which he paid$1,000 was once owned by a duke.2.有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已有已有which,另一个宜用另一个宜用that。相反，。相反，如果其中一个

13、为如果其中一个为that，另一个宜用，另一个宜用which。Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.引导定语从句的关系代词总结引导定语从句的关系代词总结主语主语宾语宾语定语定语指人指人指物指物指人和物指人和物whothat whomwhose(of whom)whichtahtthatwhose(of which)that thatwhosewhen where why 用法用法1.where指地点，在定语从句中作地点指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。状语。This is th

14、e hospital my mother works.This is the hospital we visited the day before yesterday.wherewhich/that 2 表时间名词表时间名词+when+定语从句。定语从句。when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。I will never forget the day I first met you at school.I will never forget the days we spent together whenthat/which表原因的名词表原因的名词reason+wh

15、y+定语从句定语从句(why只用于只用于reason之后的限制性定语从之后的限制性定语从句中句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。在定语从句中作原因状语。)This is the reason he gave his boss in the office The reason he did not go to school is that he was ill.which/that whywhen where和和why都可以替换成都可以替换成“介词介词+which”Do you still remember the day on which we first met in Nantong?This i

16、s the room in which we lived last year.Do you know the reason for which he refused to go to Marys birthday party.(on which=when)(in which=where)(for which=why)关系副词 when=on(in during.)which where=in(in front of.)which why=for which 关系副词 1This is the place_ John was born?Awhich Bwhere C.when Dthat2.He

17、 is the only person _ I want to talk to.A.that B.which C.who D.whose 3Is this problem _the teacher explained last week?A the one Bthat Cwhich Done4The high building _ stand four policemen is the police stationAwhich Bthat Cin front of it D.in front of which5My mother will give Mary a model plane_ sh

18、e will like to playAwhich Bthat Cfor which Dwith which6The film brought the hours back to me_ I was taken good care of in that far away village.Auntil Bthat C whenDwhere7There are times_ I wonder why I do this jobAas Bwhile Cwhich Dwhen8After living in London for thirty years，Mr Smith returned to the small town_ he grew up as a childAwhich Bwhere C that Dwhen