英语语法入门-句子结构.ppt

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1、-英语的五种基本句型1.帮助我们学好其他英语语法知识。2.帮助我们写出正确的英语句子，形成并提高英 语书面表达的能力。3.帮助我们正确使用英语单词，提高单词拼写及选词填空等用词能力。4.有助于我们提高阅读能力和其他英语应用能力。1、主语系动词表语2、主语谓语3、主语谓语宾语4、主语谓语宾语宾语5、主语谓语宾语补语 定语和状语是句子中的修饰成份，不列 入基本句型中 eg Mr.Brown is an English teacher.主语 系动词 表语 1).be 动词 解释说明主语的性 2).感官动词：质或特征等 look,sound,feel,taste,smell等 3).表”变化”的词：b

2、ecome,get,turn等，还有seem,keep,stay等。1).His parents are in the kitchen now.2).You looked happy yesterday.3).This song doesnt sound beautiful.4).Did your father get angry?主语系动词表语主语系动词表语表语主语系动词主语系动词表语找出下列句子中的表语：Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.ABCDWhyisheworried?ABTheleaveshaveturnedyellow.ABCDTheyallbecamei

3、nterestedinthesubject.ABCDShewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.ABCD2 2、主语、主语 谓语谓语eg Your father is standing there.主语 谓语1）His teacher came in with a bookinhishand.2)The bus started and arrived there at eight oclock.3)Flowerscomeoutinspring.4)Theplanehasalreadyleft.5)Isthebabydogsleeping?3、主语、主语谓语谓语宾语宾语egIkno

4、wthesepeople.主语谓语宾语 Mybrotherdidntdohishomework.主语谓语宾语PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.主语谓语宾语Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?宾语主语谓语.TheydontknowwhoFatherChristmasis.Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming.Theoldmansaidhewasill.Youwillfinditwhenyougethome.4、主语、主语谓语谓语宾语宾语宾语宾语eg Shegavemehert

5、elephonenumber.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语 或：或：Shegavehertelephonenumbertome.主语谓语直接宾语间接宾语间接宾语放后面时要在其前加”to”或“for”。可以跟“to+间接宾语”的动词有：give,show,pass,lend,take,tell等。1）Ishowedhimthephotoyesterday.主语主语 谓语谓语 间接宾语间接宾语 直接宾语直接宾语Ishowedthephototohimyesterday.主语主语 谓语谓语 直接宾语直接宾语 间接宾语间接宾语2)Hepassedusthepapers.=Hepassedthepapers

6、tous.可以跟“for+间接宾语”的动词有：buy,make,cook,get,sing,read等。1)My parents bought me a new bag.主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语 =My parents bought a new bag forfor me.主语 谓语 直接宾语 间接宾语2）She cooked us a big meal.主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语 =Shecookedabigmealforus.1)ShehastaughtusEnglishfor3years.主语主语 谓语谓语 间接宾语间接宾语 直接宾语直接宾语2)Hisuncleleftsome

7、moneytohim.主语谓语直接宾语间接宾语3)Thefatherisshowingtheboyhowtoplanttrees.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语4)Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语5)Illmakesomecardsforthem.5、主、主语谓语宾语宾语补足足语eg TheycalledtheirdaughterAlice.主主语 谓语 宾语 宾补 Hefoundhisnewjobboring主语谓语宾语宾补 IsawherchattingwithNancy.主语谓语宾语宾补Iwantyoutohelpmewiththehou

8、sework.在此句型中有时可以有在此句型中有时可以有“it”作形式作形式宾语，把真正的宾语放到最后。此时作宾语，把真正的宾语放到最后。此时作宾语的常是动词不定式宾语的常是动词不定式“to do”,动词的动词的“ing”形式或宾语从句，如：形式或宾语从句，如：1)Istillfindithardtomakegoodfriendswithher.形式宾语真正宾语2)Wethoughtitnousedoingthat.3)DidntImakeitcleartoyouthatIwasnotcoming?Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapers主语谓语宾语宾补andboo

9、ksinthereading-room.Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.主语谓语宾语宾补Shefounditdifficulttodothework.主语谓语宾语宾补宾语TheycallmeLilysometimes.IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.1.ThisisanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.2.Thedinnersmellsgood.3.Hefellinlove.4.Whoknowstheanswer?5.Shesmiledherthanks.6.Hehasagreedtohelpthem.7.Shecookedherhusbandadeliciousmeal.8.Hebroughtadictionaryforyou.9.Theyappointedhimmanager.10.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.11.Theboyintheclassroomsattherequietly.12.Learningnewwordsisveryuseful.