英语介词用法图解.pptx

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1、介词用法图解将来时态in.以后，小处at大处in。有形with无形by，语言、单位、材料in。特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用in。若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关。beyond超出、无、不能，against靠着，对与反。besides，except分内外，among之内along沿。同类比较except，加for异类记心间。原状because of,、owing to、due to表语形容词。under后接修、建中，of、from物、化分under construction 在。之中under repair 修建中be made of/from 看得见原材料/看不见原材料desk is made

2、 of wood bridge is made from steelbefore、after表一点,ago、later表一段。表时间点，the day before yesterdaybefore能接完成时，ago过去极有限。since以来during间，since时态多变换。与之相比beside，除了last but one。i felt so weak in spoken english beside themi havenot told anyone but one如大体掌握如上介调用法口诀，就不易出错。当然，至于介词的详尽用法，同形词又是连词及副词等内容此章不讲。下面对该口诀分别举例帮

3、助你理解消化。早、午、晚要用in例：in the morning在早上in the afternoon在下午(泛指下午)；on the afternoon 特指某一下午in the evening在晚上in the day在白天at黎明、午、夜、点与分例:at dawn,at daybreak在黎明时候at noon在中午at night在夜间at midnight在午夜以上短语都不用冠词 at six oclock 在6点钟at 7：30(seven thirty)在7点半at half past eleven 在11点半at nine fifteen 在9点15分at ten thirty

4、 a.m.在上午10点30分也可以写成seven to five 5点差7分(半小时以上)five minutes after two 2点过5分at a quarter to two 1点45分at the weekend 在周末 阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in，即在阳光下，在灯下，在树阴下，穿衣、着装、冒雨等都要用in。例：Dont read in dim light.切勿在暗淡的灯光下看书。They are reviewing their lessons in the bright light.他们在明亮的灯光下复习功课。the woman in white(black,red,yellow)

5、穿着白(黑、红、黄)色衣服的妇女in uniform穿着制服 将来时态in.以后例:They will come back in 10 days.他们将10天以后回来。Ill come round in a day or two.我一两天就回来。Well be back in no time.我们一会儿就回来。Come and see me in two days time.两天后来看我。(从现在开始)after.(从过去开始)小处at大处in例：Li and I arrived at Heishan county safe and sound,all is well.Dont worry.李

6、和我平安地到达黑山县，一切很好，勿念。有形with无形by，语言、单位、材料in例：The workers are paving a road with stone.工人们正用石子铺路。(有形)The teacher is correcting the paper with a new pen.这位教师正用一支新笔批改论文。(有形)Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy is a good opera.是出好戏。(无形)The product is separated by distilation into gasoline and gas oil.这种产品是用蒸馏

7、分离出气油和粗柴油。(表示方式、手段、方法无形)I really cant express my idea in English freely in-deed我确实不能用英语流利地表达我的思想。(表示某种语言用in)The kilometer is the biggest unit of length in the metric system公里是米制中最长的长度单位。(表示度、量、衡单位的用in)The length is measured in meter,kilometre,and centimetre.长度是以米、公里、厘米为单位来计算的。(同上)特征、方面与方式、心情、成语惯用in特

8、征或状态：例:The Democratic Party was then in power.那时民主党执政。They found the patient in a coma.他们发现病人处于昏迷状态。如下成语惯用in例如：in all总计in advance事前in the meantime与此同时in place适当地in hopes of(或in the hope of)怀着.希望in connection with和有关in contact with和联系in addition to除.以外in case of倘若，万一in conflict with和.冲突in force有效的，大批

9、in depth彻底地in regard to关于in the neighborhood of大约、邻近in retrospect回顾，一想起in behalf of代表.利益in the least一点，丝毫in alarm惊慌、担心in the opinion of据见解in the long run从长远说来in ones opinion在看来in word口头上in a word总之in vain无益地,白白地in case如果，万一，以防in detail详细地in haste急急忙忙地in conclusion总之in spite of尽管in other words.换句话说in

10、 return作为回报in the name of以.名义be confident in对.有信心be interested in对.感兴趣in doubt怀疑in love恋爱中in debt负债in fun(jest、joke)玩笑地in hesitation犹豫不决in wonder在惊奇中in public(secret)公开他(秘密地)in a good humour心情(情绪)好日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早午晚;以下皆用on。例:on Octorber the first 1949 1949年10月1日on February the thirteenth l893 1893年2月

11、13日on May the first 5月1日on the first 1号on the sixteenth 16号on the second of January或on January the second 1月2日on a summer evening在夏天的一个夜晚on Boxing Day在节礼日(圣诞节次日)on New Years Day在元旦on my birthday在我的生日但in the Christmas holidays在圣诞节假期;in the eighteenth century在十八世纪;in ancient times在古代;in earlier times在

12、早期;in modern times在现代，则用in，the present time现在，at the present day当今则用at。on winter day在冬天on Decenber 12th 1950 l950年12月12日on Sunday在星期天on Monday在星期一on Tuesday morning星期二早晨on Saturday afternoon星期六下午on Friday evening星期五晚上但last night昨夜；in the evening在晚上;on time准时，in time及时，等则不同。年月日，加早午晚，of之前on代in例：on the

13、 morning of 18th 18日早晨on the evening of 4th 4日晚上On the eve of their departure they gave a farewell banquet and their head gave a garewell speech.他们在临行前夕举行了一次告别宴会，他们的团长发表了告别讲话。收音、农场，值日on例：Did your supervisor like the story over(or on)the radio last night?您的导师喜欢昨天从收音机里听到的故事吗?on后接the加上一个作名词的动词其意义与现在分词所

14、表达的相近。类似例子很多如：on the march在行军中，on the mend在好转中，on the prowl徘徊，on the move活动中，on the scrounge巧取豪夺(埋语)，on the go活跃，忙碌，on the lookout注意,警戒，on the watch监视着。on the hop趁不备抓住某人等等。着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付，相反、准注：口诀中的“着”是指着火，罢指罢工，偷指偷偷地，公指出差、办公事；假指休假，准指准时。例：The house next to mine was on fire.我邻居的房子着火了。The workers of

15、 the railway station were on strike.铁路工人罢工了。Grapes and big water melons from Sinkiang are on sale on a large sale.新疆葡萄和西瓜大量上市了。do something on the sly(quiet).秘密地(暗地里，偷偷地)做某事。Ive come here on business.我是有公事来的。They went to Bern on a mission.他们到伯尔尼去执行一项使命。They has been away on a long trip.他们出去做一次长途旅行。I

16、ll go home on leave next month.下月我将休假回家。I went on business to Shanghai.I did not take leave.我是公出去上海的，不是不告面别。She came to see you on purpose.她是专程来看你的。He came here on purpose to discuss it with you.他到这来是要与你讨论这件事的。This lunch is on me.“这顿午饭我付钱。”No.lets go Dutch.“不，还是各付各的。”Please come on time.(on schedule

17、).请准时来。注：in time是“及时”的意思。The train arrived on schedule.火车准时到达。特定时间和“一就”，左右on后动名词例：Gases expand on heating and contract on cooling.气体加热时膨胀，冷却时收缩。(特定时间)On entering the room,he found his friends dancing in high spirits.一进屋，他就发现他的朋友们在愉快地跳舞。以及on the left,right向左向右，on the stair在台阶上等。步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab，carria

18、ge用in例：On foot步行;on horse骑马;on donkey骑驴。He rode on,blood flowing from his side.他骑着马，鲜血从腰部流下来。The soldier of the Eighth Route Army rode 100 li on a horse a day in order to catch up with his unit.为赶上部队，那位八路军战士骑马日行百里。Go on horse back!骑马去！You are having me on!你和我开玩笑呢!in cab和in carriage不能用on或by cab或carri

19、ge。at山脚、门口在当前，速、温、日落价核心即在山脚下、在门口、在目前，速度、以速率、温度、在日落时、在核心要用at。例：At the foot of the mountain,there are thirty of our comrades.在山脚下，有我们30个同志。There is a beautiful lake at the foot of the hill.山脚下有一个美丽的湖。At the gate of the house there are many children playing glassball.门口有一大群孩子在玩玻璃球。Whos standing there a

20、t the door?谁站在门口?I dont need the dictionary at present.我现在还不需要这本词典。He is at present in Washington.他目前正在华盛顿。The train runs at fifty kilometres an hour.火车每小时行驶50公里。at home在国内，在家里at ten degrees centigrade在摄氏10度at minus ten degrees centigrade摄氏零下10度Water freezes at 0centigrade.水在镊氏零度结冰。Water usually boils at 100.水通常在摄氏loo度沸赐。at zero在零度at the rate of 45 miles an hour 45公路一小时at full speed全速at a good price高价at a low cost低成本at a great cost花了很大代价 at that time在当时at 1000RPM(revolution per minute)每分钟1000转