语法课件过去分词作表语、定语、补语.ppt

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1、Book 5 Unit 1 Book 5 Unit 1 GrammarGrammar过分做表语、定语、补语过分做表语、定语、补语1.过去做定语1.惊恐的人们惊恐的人们2.被被污染的水污染的水3.拥挤的教室拥挤的教室4.打碎的花瓶打碎的花瓶5.关了的门关了的门1.terrified/astonishedpeople2.pollutedwater3.acrowdedroom4.abrokenvase5.acloseddoor一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语1 1、单单个个的的过过去去分分词词作作定定语语时时一一般般兼兼有有被被动动和和完成完成的意义的意义。eg：a lostlost anima

2、l a usedused stampan injuredinjured finger a brokenbroken coin a lightedlighted candle一只迷路的动物一只迷路的动物一枚用过的邮票一枚用过的邮票一个受伤的手指一个受伤的手指一枚破损的硬币一枚破损的硬币一支点燃的蜡烛一支点燃的蜡烛注注意意：过过去去分分词词作作定定语语时时，有有时时只只有有被被动动意意义。义。e.g.：spokenspoken English 英语口语英语口语 writtenwritten exercises 书面练习书面练习少少数数表表示示位位移移或或状状态态改改变变的的不不及及物物动动词词的的

3、过过去分词只有完成的意义去分词只有完成的意义fallenfallenleaves落叶落叶 therisenrisensun升起来的太阳升起来的太阳aretiredretiredteacher一名退休教师一名退休教师anescapedescapedprisoner一名逃跑的囚犯一名逃跑的囚犯单个单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面前面;过去分词过去分词短语短语作定语，常放在被修饰作定语，常放在被修饰词的词的后面后面。English is a widely used language.This is one of the schools builtin1980s

4、.3.过去分词过去分词作定语作定语位置位置2 2、过过去去分分词词短短语语作作后后置置定定语语，表表示示被被动动和和或或完成完成意义意义。e.g.：How I regretted the hours wastedwasted in the woods!我多懊悔在树林浪费的时光啊我多懊悔在树林浪费的时光啊I like wearing clothes mademade of this kind of cloth我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服。我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服。The books writtenwritten by Lu Xun are popular鲁迅写的书很受欢迎鲁迅写的书很受欢迎Well

5、go to visit the bridge builtbuilt hundreds of years ago我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。现在分词和过去分词做定语，有何区别呢？A.first played B.to be first played C.first playing D.to be first playingA解析 过去分词做定语：过去分词做定语：表被动，表完成表被动，表完成。现在分词作定语：现在分词作定语：表主动，表进行表主动，表进行。The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C.did not include women pla

6、yers until 1912.1.Thewoman_alessonisourteacher.A.givingB.givenC.togiveD.give区别区别CA2.I borrowed a book _ by Mark Twain from the library last week.I like it very much.A.written B.writing C.was written D.to write1.Did you attend the meeting _yesterday?A.to be held B.having been held C.held D.being held

7、小试小试二、过去分词作表语二、过去分词作表语1 1、过过去去分分词词作作表表语语，表表示示主主语语的的特特点点或或所所处处的的状状态态，其其前前的的系系动动词词有有包包括括bebe在在内内的的多多种种形式形式。e.g.：Everyone present is very inspired at his speech 听了他的发言，在场的所有人都很振奋。听了他的发言，在场的所有人都很振奋。You seem frightened.你似乎受了惊吓。你似乎受了惊吓。2 2、过过去去分分词词作作表表语语，构构成成的的系系表表结结构构与与被动语态的区别：被动语态的区别：过过去去分分词词作作表表语语，强强调调

8、特特点点或或状状态态；而被动语态中，强调动作而被动语态中，强调动作。e.g.：This shop is now closedclosed 这这 家家 商商 店店 现现 在在 已已 经经 关关 门门 了了。This shop is closedclosed at 6 pm everyday 这家商店每天这家商店每天6 6点关门。点关门。(状态状态)(动作动作）现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别V-ing形式表示“令人的”V-ed形式表示“某人感到的”Thestoryisinteresting.Iaminterestedinthestory.Dotheexercise4o

9、npage5CWhathehasdoneisreally_.Nowhisparentsare_him.A.disappointed;disappointedatB.disappointing;disappointedaboutC.disappointing;disappointedwithD.disappointed;disappointingby 1.Asisknowntousall,travelingis_,butweoftenfeel_whenwearebackfromtravels.A.interesting;tiredB.interested;tiring.C.interesting

10、;tiringD.interested;tired2.Hearingthe_news,weallfelt_A.encouraging;encouragingB.encouraged;encouragedC.encouraged;encouragingD.encouraging;encouraged1.LindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany,_as3M.A.knowingB.knownC.beingknownD.tobeknown高考链接B解析：答案解析：答案B B。此处考查过去分词作后置。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，定语，

11、3M3M与与knowknow之间是被动关系，故用过之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动。去分词表示被动。2.The disc,digitally _ in the studio,sounded fantastic at the party that night.A.recorded B.recording C.to be recorded D.having recorded高考链接A解析：答案解析：答案A A。此处考查过去分词作后置。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，定语，discdisc与与recordrecord之间是被动关系，故之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示。用过去分词表示。3.Dontus

12、ewords,expressions,orphrases_onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known高考链接D解析：答案解析：答案D D。knowknow与与wordswords，expressionsexpressions，phrasesphrases构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。示被动。4.TsinghuaUniversity,_in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.(2011福建

13、)A.foundB.foundingC.foundedD.tobefounded高考链接C5.Theplayers_fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonourinthissummergame.(2011湖南)A.selectingB.toselectC.selectedD.havingselected高考链接C6.Withthegovernmentsaid,those_bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.(2009上海)A.affectB.affectedC.affectingD.wereaff

14、ected高考链接B7.Goods_onlineareoftencheaperthanthoseinthesupermarket.A.tobuyB.buyingC.boughtD.havebeenbought8.Alltheroadslookedthesameandhefeltthoroughly_.A.confusedB.confusingC.confuseD.confusion9.Thenewssounds_.A.encouragingB.tobeencouragedC.encouragedD.beingencouraged10.Alice,hurryup.Imafraidyouwonth

15、avetimeto_beforetheparty.A.getchangeB.getchangingC.getchangedD.gettochangeTask:TrytoanalyzethefollowingsentencesWethinkhimclever.Wesawherenteringtheroom.Youmustgettheworkfinishedby10oclock.EveryonecallshimTom.Youmustntforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.宾语宾语 宾补宾补I saw them _(catch)in the rain.caughtIhadmyha

16、ir_(cut)yesterday.cutThehouseisbroken.Pleasegetthehouse_(mend)now.mendedXiaoXinfoundallhismoney_(steal)onthestreet.stolenMymotherneverallowmetoplaycomputergameswithmyhomework_(unfinish).unfinished作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系1.Iwanttheletterposted.我想把这封信寄出去。我想把这封信寄出去。Canyousmellthefoodburnt

17、？你能闻到食物糊了吗？你能闻到食物糊了吗？2.Shefoundherringgoneonherwayhome.在回家的路上在回家的路上,她发现项链不见了。她发现项链不见了。Theyfoundtheworldchanged.他们发现世界改变了。他们发现世界改变了。Isawtheleavesfallenthismorning.今天早上，我发现树叶落了。今天早上，我发现树叶落了。3.WhenIcamein,Ifoundastrangegirlseatedinthecorner.我进来时我进来时,发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。Hecannotgethimselfdress

18、ed.他不会自己他不会自己穿衣服。穿衣服。Ifoundthecathiddenunderthebed,whohadcaughtamouse？我发现猫藏在床下，谁把老鼠捉到的？我发现猫藏在床下，谁把老鼠捉到的？过去分词作宾补常用于以下五个方面过去分词作宾补常用于以下五个方面:1.在感官动词（在感官动词（feel,find,hear,notice,see,watch等）之后，表示感受到某人或某事等）之后，表示感受到某人或某事被做。被做。IwassleepingwhenIheardmynamecalled.Whenwegottoschool,wefoundthedoorlocked.2.在在表示表示

19、“意欲；命令意欲；命令”的动词的动词（like,order,want,wish）之后）之后Iwishtheseletterstypedassoonaspossible.Hedidntwantsuchquestiondiscussedatthemeeting.3.在使役动词（在使役动词（get,have,make,keep,leave）之后）之后,用过去分词作宾语补足语用过去分词作宾语补足语,表表示示“使使/让让被做被做”。Iwanttomakemyhaircut.Janegotherbadtoothpulledoutatthedentists.Thebossmadetheworkerswork

20、dayandnight.Theymadepaperflowerstodecoratethehouse.=Theworkersweremadetoworkdayandnight=Paperflowersweremadetodecoratethehouse.2.看看watch,notice,see,lookat,observe,catch听听hear,listento感感feel闻闻smell发现发现find3.情感情感want,wish,like1.使役使役keep,leave,get,have,makesth./sb.done4.“have+宾语过去分词宾语过去分词”的几种含义的几种含义在在“

21、have宾语过去分词宾语过去分词”结构中，过结构中，过去分词作宾语补足语，去分词作宾语补足语，have也可用也可用get。这一。这一结构有以下几种含义：结构有以下几种含义：1.Hewantstohavehiseyesexaminedtomorrow.2.Becareful,oryoullhaveyourhandshurt.意为意为“主语遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情主语遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情”。3.Hehadthewallspaintedthismorning.意为意为“使完成某事使完成某事”，事情既可以是别人做，事情既可以是别人做完，也可以由主语参与完成。完，也可以由主语参与完成。Isawh

22、ercomeintotheclassroom.Isawhercomingintotheclassroom.Isawhertakenoutoftheclassroom.过去分词与现在分词过去分词与现在分词不定式作宾语补足不定式作宾语补足语的区别语的区别过去分词强调他们之间的被动关系，现在过去分词强调他们之间的被动关系，现在分词强调它们之间的主动关系，不定式强分词强调它们之间的主动关系，不定式强调动发生的全过程。调动发生的全过程。Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindhisback.(表方式表方式)Withwaterheated,wecanse

23、ethesteam.(表条件表条件)Withthemattersettled,weallwenthome.(表原因表原因)5.用在用在“with”的复合结构中的复合结构中（withsb./sth.done.）注意：注意：Shestoodinfrontofhim,withhereyesfixedonhisface.她站在他面前她站在他面前,眼睛注视着他。眼睛注视着他。(fixoneseyeson为固定短语为固定短语)Hestoodforaninstantwithhishandstillraised.他仍然举着手站了一会儿。他仍然举着手站了一会儿。但是：但是：Shefeltherheartbeat

24、ingfast.她觉得心跳很快。她觉得心跳很快。用所给动词的适当形式填空。用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.MissLinfoundherhouse_（breakinto）whenshecamebackfromNewYork.2.Themanagerwashappytoseealloftheproblems_(settle)soquickly.settledbrokeninto3.WhenIenteredtheoffice,Ifoundthewindow_(break)andthecomputer_(steal).4.Jameshadsomeflowers_(send)toSarahonherbi

25、rthday.brokenstolensent5.Whathehadsaidmademe_.(surprise)6.Therewasaterriblenoise_thesuddenburstoflight.(follow)7.Myglassesarebroken.Illhavetogetthem_.(repair)8.Withherfinger_tothebrokenvase,mymotheraskedme,“Whodidthat?”(point)surprisedfollowingrepairedpointing1.Themanagerdiscussedtheplanthattheywoul

26、dliketosee_thenextyear.A.carryoutB.carryingC.carriedoutD.tocarryout2.Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?Idliketohavethispackage_,madam.A.toweighB.weighedC.beweighedD.tobeweighedCB二、单项填空。二、单项填空。3.Inthepastfewyears,wehavehadthousandsoftrees_aroundourschool.A.plantB.plantedC.plantingD.beingplanted4.Isthistherecor

27、deryouwant_?A.tohaverepairedB.torepairedC.tohaveitrepairedD.itrepaired5.Shewasgladtoseeherchildwell_careof.A.takeB.tobetakenC.takenD.takingBAC6.Theresultoftheentranceexamswasnotmade_tothepublicuntillastThursday.A.knowingB.knownC.toknowD.tobeknown7.Hefoundthem_attable_.A.sat;toplaychessB.sitting;topl

28、aychessC.seated;playingchessD.seat;playthechessBC8.Icanmakeyou_whatIsay,butyoucantmakeyourself_inEnglish.A.understand;understandB.understand;understoodC.tounderstand;understandD.understand;tobeunderstoodB9.Thegirlaskedhimnottoleavethedoor_.A.tocloseB.closedC.tobeclosedD.closing10.IhaveoftenheardtheA

29、BCsong_,butIhaveneverheardAlice_it.A.tobesung;tosingB.beingsung;sangC.sung;singD.sang;singingBC11.Thetwostudentsweretoldtohavetheclassroom_afterschool.A.cleanB.cleanedC.cleaningD.toclean12.CanyousuggestagoodwaytogetmyspokenEnglish_inashortperiodoftime?A.improveB.improvingC.toimproveD.improvedBD13.Yo

30、ucanhearEnglish_inalmosteveryuniversityinChina.A.speakB.speakingC.spokenD.tospeakC1.Ioftenhearthegirl_thisEnglishsonginherroom.2.Thegirlisoftenheard_thisEnglishsonginherroom.3.IhearthisEnglishsong_inherroom.4.ThisEnglishsongwasheard_bythegirlinherroom.5.Iheardthegirl_thisEnglishsonginherroomwhenIpassedby.singtosingsungsungsinging三、用三、用sing的正确形式填空。的正确形式填空。Thank you very much!Thank you very much!Thank you very much!Thank you very much!Goodbye!Goodbye!Goodbye!Goodbye!