讲解最清晰最全的---虚拟语气教学文案.ppt

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1、讲解最清晰最全的-虚拟语气v虚拟语气是一种表示非真实情况或主观设想的动词形式，用来表示说话人的愿望、假设、怀疑、猜测、建议等含义。按照不同的时间，主句、从句中的动词的形式发生变化。一、虚拟语气在带有条件从句的复合句在带有条件从句的复合句中的构成和用法时间时间从句从句主句主句与现在事实相反动词的过去时Would/should/could/might+动词原形与过去事实相反动词的过去完成时（had done）Would/should/could/might+have+动词的过去分词将来实现可能性小1.动词的过去时（be为were）2.were+不定式3.should+动词原形Would/shoul

2、d/could/might+动词原形千锤百炼v1.If I _(be)you,I would go with him.v(现在)如果我是你，我就和他一块儿去。v2.If we _(invite)him,he wold have come.v(过去)要是我们邀请了他，他是会来的。（事实是）v3.If I _(have)time,I could come to help you.v(将来)如果我有时间，我会来帮助你的。（但有时间的可能很小）如果条件从句中包含有were，had,should等词时，可以把if省略，但要把were,had,should等放在主语前面。vHad they realize

3、d how important the task was,they wouldnt have refused to accept it.v如果他们认识到这个任务是多么重要的话，他们就不会拒绝接受它了。v=If they had realized how important vIf it were not for their assistance,we should be in serious difficulty.v要不是他们协助，我们会陷入困境。v=Were it not for their assistance,注1.Were it not for the snowy weather,we

4、 _ all right.vA.would be B.would have been vC.were D.may be2._ more careful,his ship would not have sunk.vA.If the captain were B.Had the captain been C.Should the captain be D.If the captain would have been3.The millions of calculations involved,had they been done by hand,_ all practical value by t

5、he time they were finished.vA.could lose B.would have lost C.might lose D.ought to have lost 有时，条件从句表示的动词和主句表示的动作发生的时间不一致，这时，动词的形式要根据表示的时间来调整。这种句子被称为错综时间条件句。vIf you had followed my advice,you would not be in trouble now.(从句表示过去，主句表示现在)v如果你早听了我的建议，你现在就不会有麻烦了。注vI would have gone to visit him in the ho

6、spital had it been at all possible,but I _ fully occupied the whole of last week.vA.were B.had been C.have been D.was二、虚拟语气在某些从句中的应用v1.由wish引导的宾语从句时间时间宾语从句的谓语动词宾语从句的谓语动词wish表示对现在的愿望过去时（be是were）wish表示对将来的愿望would,could,might+动词原形wish用于表示对过去的事实一种不可能实现的愿望had+动词过去分词或could,would+have+动词过去分词vI wish that he

7、 _(be)not so lazy.v我多么希望他不会这么懒。（对现在的愿望）vI wish he _(try)again.v我希望他还能再试一次。（对将来的愿望）vThe picture exhibition bored me to death;I wish I _(not go)to it.v图片展览会使我非常烦恼，我希望我根本没有去过。（对过去的愿望）1.I wished that John _ a year in Africa,but he stayed there only for three months.A.spends B.spent C.would have spent D.

8、will spend E.could have spent F.had spent2.I wish that I _ with you last night.A.went B.have gone C.could go D.could have gone2.Would(had)rather,would as soon和would sooner后面的从句中要求用过去时过去时表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时过去完成时表示过去的情况，或表示希望或婉转的责备。vId rather you _(post)the letter right away.v我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。vI would jus

9、t as soon you _(return)the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。1.Most insurance agents would rather you _ anything about collecting claims until they investigate the situation.vA.do B.dont C.didnt D.didnt do2.Id just as soon _ rudely to her.vA.that you wont speak B.you not speaking C.you not speak D.you di

10、dnt speak 3.Its(high,about)time that从句中要求用虚拟语气形式，即动词要用过去时vIt is high time that the government _ measures to protect the rare birds and animals.vA.takes B.took C.has taken D.taking4.由连接词in case,lest,for fear that 引导的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should 可以省略。vShe put a blanket over the baby for fear t

11、hat he _(catch)cold.她给那个婴儿盖上了毯子，以免他着凉。vThe bad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he should injure himself.v这个坏人被关在设有软垫的牢房里，以免他伤害自己。vHes working hard for fear that he _.vA.should fall behind B.fell behind vC.may fall behind D.would fall behind5.虚拟语气用于as if(though)引起的方式状语从句和表语从句中，其动词形式与wish宾语从句

12、的形式相同。vThey talked as if they _(be)friends for years.v他们交谈着，就好像他们是多年的老朋友一样。vShe looks as if she would cry.她看起来好像要哭了。vShe talks about literacture as if she _knew_(know)everything.vHe speaks Chinese as fluently as if he _ a Chinese.vA.were B.had been C.is D.has been6.虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从

13、句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式，其虚拟语气的构成往往是should+动词原形（should可以省略）vA.用于表示意愿、建议、命令、提议、请求等动词后的that宾语从句钟，这类动词有：ask要求，advise建议，arrange安排，beg请求，command命令，decide决定，demand要求，desire渴望，determine决定，insist坚持，intend打算，maintain坚持，move建议、动员，propose提议，order命令，prefer建议，require需要，request要求，resolve下决心，vrecommend推荐，suggest建议，

14、stipulate约定，规定，urge强调，促进，vote公认，提议，decree颁布（法令），pray请求等。proposalvI propose that we _(set)a deadline for handing in the plans.v我建议定一个交计划的期限。vHe insisted that we _(take)up the matter at the meeting.他坚持要我们在会上谈论这个问题。vThe teacher suggested that her students _ experiences in English.vA.write a composition

15、 about their vB.to write composition about the vC.wrote some composition of his or hervD.had written any composition for hisB.用于It is+形容词或分词+主语从句中，这类形容词或分词有：advisable明智的，decided决定的，crucial关键的，appropriate恰当的，determined决定的，commanded命令的，arranged安排的，essential紧要的，基本的，complied遵照，anxious焦急的，imperative迫切的，i

16、mportant重要的，desirable合意的，better较好的，更好，insistent坚持的，desired想要，asked请求，keen渴望的，insisted坚持，necessary必要的，suggested建议，urgent紧迫的，ordered命令，shocked震惊的，vital极其重要的，strange奇怪的，preferable好一点，proposed提议，requested要求的，required要求的，recommended推荐，resolved决定的等。vIt is essential that he(should)be prepared for this.他为此组

17、好准备是必要的。vIt is requested that Mr.Li _(give)a performance at the party.有人请求李先生在会上表演一个节目。vIt is important that the TOEFL office _ your registration.A.will confirm B.confirm C.confirms D.must confirm vIt is appropriate that some time _ thorough study of the results of the Apollo mission.A.devotes to B.

18、devoted to C.is devoted to D.be devoted to C.用于由表示建议、要求、命令、请示等含义的名词引导的表语从句和同位语从句中，这类名词常见的有：advice建议，decision决定，demand要求，desire要求，愿望，insistence坚持，motion提议，necessity必要性，order命令，preference偏爱，proposal提议，pray恳求，recommendation推荐，request要求，requirement要求，resolution决心，suggestion建议等。vThis is their resolution

19、that extra-curriculum activities _(make)part of their school life.这是他们的决议：要使得课外活动成为学校生活的一部分。vYour advice that _ till next week is reasonable.A.she waits B.she wait C.wait she D.she waited三、含蓄虚拟条件句v含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件，但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句中往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常用来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有：1.介词或介词短语，如but for,

20、but that,without,under more favorable condition等。vBut for the leadership of the party,we could not be living happily today.v如果没有党的领导，今天我们就不能过上幸福的生活。v=If there were not the leadership of the party,we could not be living happily today.vWithout music,the world would be a dull place.v如果没有音乐，世界会很沉闷。vIf t

21、here were not the music,1._ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.A.In spite of B.But for C.Because of D.As for2.Look at the terrible situation I am in!If only I _ your advice.A.follow B.would follow C.had followed D.have followed.v3.Without electronic computers,much o

22、f todays advanced technology _.A.will not have been achieved B.have not been achieved C.would not have been achieved D.had not been achieved2.通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but,otherwise,unfortunately等类似转折词。v1.He worked very hard,otherwise he _(fail).他非常努力，不然的话，早就失败了。2.He was very busy yesterday,otherwise he _ to

23、the meeting.A.would come B.came C.would have come D.had come3.分词短语vBorn ten days ealier,the boy could have seen his father.如果早出生十天，这个孩子就能看到自己的父亲了。4.情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气vI _(call)to make an airline reservation,but I didnt.v我应该打电话提前预定一张票，但是我没有做。vThe porter ought to have called the fire brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock,which went up in smoke.这位搬运工应该一看到仓库中的火，就给消防队打电话。此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢