2023年计算机并行编程可能不会让人望而生畏.docx
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1、2023年计算机并行编程可能不会让人望而生畏 Computer chips have stopped getting faster: The regular performance improvements weve come to expect are now the result of chipmakers adding more cores, or proceing units, to their chips, rather than increasing their clock speed.In theory, doubling the number of cores doubles
2、the chips efficiency, but splitting up computations so that they run efficiently in parallel isnt easy.On the other hand, say a trio of computer scientists from MIT, Israels Technion, and Microsoft Research, neither is it as hard as had been feared. Commercial software developers writing programs fo
3、r multicore chips frequently use so-called lock-free parallel algorithms, which are relatively easy to generate from standard sequential code.In fact, in many cases the conversion can be done automatically. Yet lock-free algorithms dont come with very satisfying theoretical guarantees: All they prom
4、ise is that at least one core will make progre on its computational task in a fixed span of time.But if they dont exceed that standard, they squander(浪费) all the additional computational power that multiple cores provide. In recent years, theoretical computer scientists have demonstrated ingenious a
5、lternatives called wait-free algorithms, which guarantee that all cores will make progre in a fixed span of time.But deriving them from sequential code is extremely complicated, and commercial developers have largely neglected them. In a paper to be presented at the Aociation for Computing Machinery
6、s Annual Symposium on the Theory of Computing in May, Nir Shavit, a profeor in MITs Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; his former student Dan Alistarh, whos now at Microsoft Research; and Keren Censor-Hillel of the Technion demonstrate a new analytic technique suggesting that
7、, in a wide range of real-world cases, lock-free algorithms actually give wait-free performance. In practice, programmers program as if everything is wait-free, Shavit says.This is a kind of mystery.What we are exposing in the paper is this little-talked-about intuition that programmers have about h
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