2022年高一上学期期末模拟预测卷（上海卷）02-英语（全解全析）.docx

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1、2022年高一上学期期末模拟预测卷02【上海卷】英语试题注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡 皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。L Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section Af you will hear ten short conversations between txvo speakers. At t

2、he end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you

3、have heard.1. A. 5:55. B. 6:15.C. 6:45.D. 6:30【答案】D【原文】M: Were you late for the musical?W: Yes. I got to the theatre at 6:45. It had been on for 15 minutes.Q: When did the musical start?2. A. At a convenience store. B. At a cinema. C. At a railway station. D. At a hospital.【答案】B【原文】M: Excuse me, did

4、 anybody find a black umbrella after the last show? I left it under my chair.W: As a matter of fact, we did. Please check it at the ticket office.Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?3. A. From the newspaper.B. From the Internet.C. From wildlife protection groups. D. From the gove

5、rnment officials.【答案】A【原文】W: Have you read todays newspaper? It says the government has decided to take measures to protect the wildlife? M: I learned it from the Internet.Q: How did the woman learn the news?4. A. He left his cellphone at home.B. He was late for the meeting.C. He was in a hurry to g

6、o back home.D. He didnt read the message while running.【答案】A【原文】such as energy bars and yogurt.What should you eat?Avoiding processed foods can be hard, 54 for people with limited time and money. Processed foods can also take many forms. In addition, companies continually 55 products to make them se

7、em healthier. The newest studies may provide more reasons to avoid processed foods. But, they also call attention to thedifficulty of coming up with ways to do that.41. A. organicB deliciousC packagedD. cheap42. A. inquiriesB insightsC. explorationsD. reports43. A. distinguishesB definesC. classifie

8、sD. keeps44. A. speciallyB - mostlyC. naturallyD. technically45. A. remainB. feelC. becomeD. appear46. A. consumedB . forcedC. deprivedD. fed47. A. sameB normalC. differentD. alternative48. A. explainedB trackedC curedD. overlooked49. A. MeanwhileB . HoweverC. HenceD. Otherwise50. A. collectedB prod

9、ucedC absorbedD. relieved51. A. hungerB procedureC reactionD. feedback52. A. strike a balance B. run a riskC pose a threatD. make a difference53. A. fullB contentC starvingD. excited54. A. especiallyB generallyC. speciallyD. reasonably55. A. restructureB rearrangeC redecorateD. reengineer【参考答案】41. C

10、 42. B 43.C 44. B 45.D 46. D 47. A 48. B49. A 50. B51. C 52. D 53. A 54. A 55. D【语篇解读】本文是说明文。科学家已经确定，廉价的包装食品与全球不断上升的肥胖率有关。文章介绍了什么是 加工食品，加工食品有什么问题，加工食品与什么有关以及人们应该吃什么。【详情解析】.【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：科学家已经确定，廉价的包装食品与全球不断上升的肥胖率有关。 A. organic有机的；B. delicious美味的；C.packaged包装好的；D. cheap便宜的。根据下文的rising obesity rates

11、”可知，这种食物与肥胖有关，不可能是“有机的”和“美味的”，空格前low-cost与cheap意思相近， C项“包装好的”符合题意，说明不是新鲜食物。故选C。41 .【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近的三项研究为我们日益工业化的食品供应如何影响我们的健康提 供了更多的见解。A. inquiries询问；B.insights见解,洞察力；C.explorations探索；D. reports报告。根 据后文“into how our increasingly industrialized food supply may be affecting our health”指三项研究为我们 日益工业化

12、的食品供应如何影响我们的健康提供了更多的见解。故选Bo.【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员创建了一个系统，将食物分为四组。A. distinguishes区别； B. defines定义；C. classifies分类；D. keeps保持。根据后文“foods into four groups”指将食物分为四组。 故选C。42 .【B】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这一系统指出，高度加工食品主要由工业材料和添加剂组成。A. specially 特别地；B. mostly大部分地；C. naturally自然地；D. technically技术上。根据空格前后文并结合常识可 知，高度加工食品主要

13、由工业材料和添加剂组成。故选B。43 . D考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是也包括诸如早餐麦片、能量棒以及某些类型的酸奶等看起来健康 的产品。A. remain 仍旧;B. feel 感觉；C. become 成为；D. appear 出现，呈现。根据“such as morning cereals, energy bars and some kinds of yogurt.”可知，此处说的是高度加工的不健康的食品，因此推断是呈现健康 的食品。故选D。44 .【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们发现，饮食以加工食品为主的参与者每天会多摄入约500卡路里。 A. consumed 消耗；B. forc

14、ed 迫使；C. deprived 剥夺；D. fed 喂养、以为食。根据上文的“people eat about500 more calories a day”和下文“processed foods”可推断，此处指的是吃加工食品的人每天多摄入500卡热 量。故选D。45 .【A】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是对同一个参与者食用较少加工食品的情况进行比较后得出的结 论。A. same同样的；B. normal正常的；C. different不同的；D. alternative替代的。研究理应是对同一个 人的饮食结构进行对比。故选A。46 .【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意：参与者被带到医疗中心，对

15、他们的健康和行为进行跟踪。A. explained 解释；B. tracked 跟踪；C. cured 治愈；D. overlooked 忽视。根据上文“They were taken to a medical center” 可知，被带去医疗中心，是对他们的健康和行为进行跟踪观察。故选B。47 A1.考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，西班牙的一项类似研究表明，食用加工食品越多，死亡风 险就越高。A. Meanwhile 同时；B. However 然而；C. Hence 因此；D. Otherwise 否则。上文“In another study, researchers in France

16、 found people who ate more processed foods were more likely to have heart disease.提至U 在另一项研究中，法国的研究人员发现，吃更多加工食品的人更容易患心脏病，而与此同时，西班牙的 一项类似研究表明，食用加工食品越多，死亡风险就越高。故选A。48 . B考查动词词义辨析。句意：食用少量加工食品时，研究参与者会分泌更多控制饥饿的激素，而引 发饥饿的激素则会减少。A. collected收集；B. produced生产；产生；C. absorbed吸收；D. relieved缓解。 根据下文提到的“more of a

17、 hormone”可知，研究参与者分泌更多控制饥饿的激素，produce “产生”符合语 境。故选B。49 .【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一反应的原因还不得而知。A. hunger饥饿;B. procedure程序;C. reaction 反应；D. feedback反馈。上文提到“食用少量加工食品时，研究参与者会分泌更多控制饥饿的激素，而 引发饥饿的激素则会减少是参与者的反应。故选C。50 .【D】考查动词短语辨析。句意：霍尔指出，营养来源可能有所不同。A. strike a balance公平处理；B. run a risk 冒险；C. pose a threat 构成威胁；D. ma

18、ke a difference 有影响；产生不同。根据下文“For example, fiber from whole fruits and vegetables may be better for making people feel full than fiber added to packaged foods such as energy bars and yogurt.（比如，与能量棒和酸奶等包装食品中添加的纤维相比，来自完整水果和蔬菜的纤维可能更容易使人们有饱腹感户可推断，此处说的是营养来源不同，故选D。51 . A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，从整个水果和蔬菜中提取的纤维可能比包

19、装食品（如能量棒 和酸奶）中添加的纤维更能让人有饱腹感。A. full饱的；B. content满意的；C. starving挨饿的；D. excited 激动的。根据上文“fiber from whole fruits and vegetables may be better fbr making people fbel”可知，从整个 水果和蔬菜中提取的纤维更能让人有饱腹感。故选A。52 . A考查副词词义辨析。句意：不食用加工食品可能很难做到，对时间和金钱有限的人来说 尤其如此。A. especially 特别；B. generally 普遍地；C. specially 专门地；D. re

20、asonably 合理地。下文“for people with limited time and money. Processed foods can also take many forms.”可知，时间和金钱有限的人 更难避免食用加工食品。故选A。53 . D考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，公司不断对产品进行改造，使其看起来更健康。A. restructure 调整结构；B. rearrange重新整理；C. redecorate重新装饰；D. reengineer重新调整。根据后文“products to make them seem healthier”指对产品进行改造，使其看起来更健康

21、。故选D。Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThe w

22、oods are turning orange. Drifts of dry leaves are growing on forest floors and flying into street corners. From a distance, it is beautiful. But the air is still warm and summery. This turning and leaf fall is not the usual gradual preparation for winter in temperate zones（温带）but a stress response b

23、y trees trying to preserve water. We are now in a false autumn, caused by heat and drought. And it feels wrong.There is, therefore, something deeply disturbing about such a graphic alteration of familiar rhythms, Droughts are not unknown to the UK, of course, and too many parts of the world are cert

24、ainly familiar with far more severe versions. But increasingly they are occurring in the context of a climate emergency, and record-breaking heat. And the beauty of a false autumn, specifically, has an emotional effect, a deep weirdness, something mysteriously suggestive of evil or dangerCultures ac

25、ross the world contain ceremonies for the propitiation（宽恕）of the weather; a sense of responsibility for the natural worldand the belief that it will punish us if we fail itis as old as humanity. One of the reasons why the Romantic poet Samuel Taylor Coleridges 1798 poem The Rime of the Ancient Marin

26、er is so effective is the directness with which it links the shooting of an albatross（信天翁）the destruction of innocent wildlife-to a terrible change in the weather: no rain, just burning, death-dealing sun. We may not understand the mechanism, but at an instinctual（本能的）level it feels right.And in a s

27、imilar way it has not really been a surprise to hear that birds are struggling. In London, young swifts （雨燕）were seen falling out of the sky. Fewer-and too early-nuts and berries mean some animals will not live through this winter. Older trees, with their longer roots, will hopefully survive, but yo

28、ung trees may not一all that promises further warming. There will always be a degree of uncertainty about the causes of specific weather events, but we cannot deny that we have not taken care of the albatross. Now wr must hope we are doing enough to make sure that these feaiful golden days are pot an

29、autumn of autumns.54 . According to the passage, what is a disturbing sign of “a false autumn”?A. Tree leaves are turning orange and fall gradually in winter.B. Birds are struggling to fall out of the sky in London.C. People worldwide are careless of droughts and heat in the UK.D. Nuts and berries-r

30、ipen earlier but yield less than before.55 . Why is Coleridges 1798 poem The Rime of the Ancient Mariner so effective?A. Because people across the world sympathize with the albatross.B. Because it directly links destruction of wildlife to extreme weather.C. Because we are certain about how the weath

31、er shifts instinctually.D. Because he is an established Romantic poet curious about nature.56 . Which of the following is implied by the underlined sentence （Line 6, Paragraph 4）?A. This autumn must be seen as a warning to take instant action.B. Plants and animals are bound to survive in spite of th

32、eir fear.C. The writer appreciates and looks forward to such golden days.D. Abundant environmental protection has already been ensured.57 . What is the overall tone of the passage?A. Optimistic. B. Concerned. C. Humorous. D. Ironic.【参考答案】A 57. B 58. A 59. B【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了气候变暖导致秋天变成了“虚假秋天”，呼吁人们将这

33、种现象视为警告， 采取措施阻止全球变暖现象进一步恶化。【详情解析】56.【A】细节理解题。根据文章第一段The woods are turning orange. Drifts of dry leaves are growing on forest floors and flying into street corners. From a distance, it is beautiful. But the air is still warm and summery. This turning and leaf fall is not the usual gradual preparation

34、 for winter in temperate zones（温带）but a stress response by trees trying to preserve water.（树林正在变成橙色。一堆堆干树叶生长在森林的地面上，飞至U街 道的角落。从远处看，它是美丽的。但是空气仍然是温暖和夏天。在温带地区，这种转变和落叶并不是 通常的渐进过冬准备，而是树木试图保存水分的应激反应。厂可知，本来秋天树叶变黄落下。现在冬天 树叶变黄落下，人们误把冬天当秋天，就是虚假秋天。“虚假秋天”的令人不安的迹象是树叶在冬天逐渐 变成橙色并逐渐落下。故选A。56. B细节理解题。根据文章第三段“One of

35、the reasons why the Romantic poet Samuel Taylor Coleridges 1798 poem The Rime of the Ancient Mariner is so effective is the directness with which it links the shooting of an albatross（信天翁）一the destruction of innocent wildlifeto a terrible change in the weather: no rain, just burning, death-dealing s

36、un.（浪漫主义诗人塞缪尔,泰勒柯勒律治（Samuel Taylor Coleridge） 1798年的诗歌 古水手之歌如此有效果，原因之一是它直接将射杀信天翁对无辜野生动物的毁灭与可怕的 天气变化联系起来:没有下雨，只有灼热的、令人死亡的太阳。户可知，柯勒律治1798年的诗歌古水 手之歌如此有效是因为它将野生动物的毁灭与极端天气直接联系起来。故选B。57. A词句猜测题。木艮据戈ll线词所在的句子“Now we must hope ware doing enough to make sure that these fearful golden days are pot an autumn o

37、f autumns.（现在,我们必须希望我们正在做的足够多，以确保这些 可怕的黄金日子成为一个真正秋天中的秋天。户可推知，划线的句子暗示我们今年秋天必须被视为一个 警告，要立即采取行动阻止气候变暖进一步恶化。故选A。58. B推理判断题。根据文章第一段“We are now in a false autumn, caused by heat and drought. And it feels wrong.（我们现在正处在一个由炎热和干旱造成的假秋天。这感觉不对。）”，文章第二段“There is9 therefore, something deeply disturbing about suc

38、h a graphic alteration of familiar rhythms.（因止匕，这种对熟悉节奏的形 象改变令人深感不安。）、文章第三段“Cultures across the world contain ceremonies for the propitiation of the weather; a sense of responsibility for the natural worldand the belief that it will punish us if we fail itis as old as humanity.（世界各地的文化都有庆祝天气平息的仪式;对自

39、然世界的责任感相信如果我们辜负 了自然世界，自然世界就会惩罚我们和人类一样古老。和文章最后一段“Now we must hope we aredoing enough to make sure that these fearful golden days are pot an autumn of autumns.（现在, 我们必须希望 我们正在做的足够多，以确保这些可怕的黄金日子成为一个真正秋天中的秋天。广可知，文章讲述了气 候变暖导致秋天变成了“假秋天、呼吁人们将这种现象视为警告，采取措施阻止全球变暖进一步恶化。 由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的整体基调是担心的。故选B。BMany factor

40、s can interfere with a good nights sleep from work stress and family responsibilities to illnesses. You might not be able to control the factors that interfere with your sleep. However, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Start with these simple tips.1. Stick to a sleep schedules aside

41、 no more than eight hours for sleep. The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people dont need more than eight hours in bed to be well rested. Go to bed and get up at the same time every day, including weekends. Being consistent reinforces your bodys sleep-wa

42、ke cycle. If you dont fall asleep within about 20 minutes of going to bed, leave your bedroom and do something relaxing. Read or listen to soothing music. Go back to bed when youre tired. Repeat as needed, but continue to maintain your sleep schedule and wake-up time.2. Pay attention to what you eat

43、 and drinkDont go to bed hungry or stuffed. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours of bedtime. Discomfort might keep you up. Caffeine and alcohol deserve caution, too. The stimulating effects of caffeine take hours to wear off and can interfere with sleep. And even though

44、 alcohol might make you feel sleepy at first, it can disrupt sleep later in the night.3. Create a restful environmentKeep your room cool, dark and quiet. Exposure to light in the evenings might make it more challenging to fall asleep. Avoid prolonged use of light-emitting screens just before bedtime

45、. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs. Doing calming activities before bedtime, such as taking a bath or using relaxation techniques, might promote better sleep.4. Limit daytime napsLong daytime naps can interfere with

46、 nighttime sleep. Limit naps to no more than one hour and avoid napping late in the day. However, if you work nights, you might need to nap late in the day before work to help make up your sleep debt.5. Include physical activity in your daily routineRegular physical activity can promote better sleep

47、. However, avoid being active too close to bedtime. Spending time outside every day might be helpful, too.6. Manage worriesTry to resolve your worries or concerns before bedtime. Jot down whafs on your mind and then set it aside for tomorrow. Stress management might help. Start with the basics, such

48、 as getting organized, setting priorities and delegating tasks.60. What can be learned from the passage?A. Its not hard to control the factors interfering with our sleep.B The longer we sleep, the better we feel.C. Its better to remain in bed when you fail to fall asleep.D. Stress can contribute to bad sleep.61. According to the article, which of the following encourages better sleep?A.Do physical exercisebefore going to bed. B.Drink alcohol to getsleepy.C.Avoid long n