2021-2022学年河北省石家庄四十一中高二（下）期中英语试卷（附答案详解）.docx

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1、2021-2022学年河北省石家庄四f中高二（下）期中英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）AThe two-week Harvard Pre-College Program is an intense and exciting experience of the college life. The admission committee is now looking for mature, academically motivated students who will graduate from high school and enter college in 2022.T

2、he Course ExperienceWith over 30 courses to choose from, youre sure to find a topic that interests you. Although courses are non-credit and do not have letter grades, you need to attend the class in its entirety. When class is not in session, you can participate in creative and social activities. At

3、 the end of the program, youll receive a written evaluation from your instructor, as well as a transcript（成绩单）.TimeJuly 24-August 5How to ApplyComplete an online application and provide supplemental（补充的）materials, including:The $ 75 non-refundable application fee.Transcripts from 9th grade to fall 2

4、021 grades: This can include progress reports, report cards, and educational summaries from your high school.If English is not your native language, submit scores from the TOEFL IBT or IELTS language proficiency exam along with your application.Cost & AidThe total fee for a Harvard Pre-College Progr

5、am 2022 session is $ 4, 950.The program fee includes tuition, room and board, and activity costs for the full two weeks. There is also a non-refundable $ 75 application fee and $ 100 health insurance.A limited number of scholarships are available to assist students who demonstrate financial need. Aw

6、ards vary based on need, and a typical award covers part of the tuition.How to contact usInterested in learning more about the program? Complete our request form, and a member of our team注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯.38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。The river was dry.Clara could not remember

7、the last time water had flowed along it.lt had not rained for a long time and the tanks were almost dry.She would have to order water in again and that would cost money.something she did not have a lot of.Ever since her brother.Scott, decided he wanted nothing more to do with the farm and left, she

8、had been struggling.Her parents were too old for farm work and it was difficult to hire help.People were leaving the countryside as jobs in the city paid more.Clara had no solution.The following week, Clara drove to a town.On the way back, she saw a sign advertising a bed and breakfast.She knew that

9、 was the answer.She had read many stories about people living in the city wanting a countryside experience.Her family could offer accommodation （住宿）and meals at their farm at a reasonable price. nMaybe I can also charge an additional fee if guests are keen to experience farming activities, she wonde

10、red.Now all she had to do was convince her parents.No, Dad said. nThis is a working farm, not a farm stay for people who cant tell a horse from a cow.*HI really dont think we have a choice, Dad.Half the sheep are dead and the ones left arent that far behind.If we get paying guests, we can buy more f

11、eed and get more water brought in, “ Clara said. nIf we dont do this, John, we may not be able to keep this place running for much longer, “ Anna, Clara*s mum said.John nodded finally. nJust one conditionif the guests mess up my farm, this will have to stop immediately. They prepared the house for g

12、uests.Clara placed the first advertisement.The day the advertisement appeared, they received three reservations.Then, Clara began worrying about their decision.What if the guests were unreasonable and demanding and the food was not good enough ? Clara had prepared as much as she could.She just hoped

13、 the first guests would be nice. 注意：1 .续写词数应150左右；2 .请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Soon, the first group of guests from the city arrived.By the end of the third month, the bank balance （余额）was staring to look much better.(1)答案和解析13.【答案】C、B、D【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。这是哈佛大学预科课程的介绍和招生广告。1 .根据第二段中的 Although courses are n

14、on-credit and do not have letter grades, you need to attend the class in its entirety.（虽然课程没有学分，也没有字母评分，但你需要参加整个课程。）可知，参 加这门课程的学生需要全体出席，故选C。2 .根据 How to Apply 部分中的 Transcripts from 9th grade to fall 2021 grades: This can include progress reports, report cards, and educational summaries from your hig

15、h school.（从 9 年级至U 2021 年秋季年级 的成绩单：包括你所在高中的进度报告、成绩单卡和教育总结。）可知，补充材料应该包括学术 条件。故选B。3 .根据 Cost & Aid 部分中的 The total fee for a Harvard Pre-College Program 2022 session is $ 4, 95O.The program fee includes tuition, room and board, and activity costs for the full two weeks. There is also a non-refundable $

16、 75 application fee and $ 100 health insurance.（哈佛大学 2022 年预科课程的 总费用是4950美元。项目费用包括整个两周的学费、食宿费和活动费用。此外，还有75美元的 申请费和100美元的医疗保险，费用不可退还。）可知，一个学生的全部费用包括$4,950+$75+ $ 100= $5, 125o 故选 D。47 .【答案】A、D、D、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段句子 Toledo, who has made jewelry for the musical Evita* on Broadway and unique pieces fo

17、r many famous people, was among the first in Argentina to be infected with CO VID-19, which left him hospitalized for eight days.The experience had a great effect on his life and led to a series of artworks, including a 14-meter mask with the Argentine flag that he placed on the famous obelisk （方尖纪念

18、碑）in Buenos Aires to raise awareness about organ （器官） donation during the pandemic.（托莱多曾为百老汇音乐剧埃维塔制作首饰，并为许多名人制作独特的作品。他是 阿根廷最早感染新冠病毒的人之一，住院8天。这一经历对他的生活产生了巨大的影响，并导致 了一系列艺术作品，包括一个14米高的印有阿根廷国旗的面具，他把它放在布宜诺斯艾利斯著名 的方尖碑上，以提高人们在疫情期间对器官捐赠的意识。）可知，是他因感染新冠而住院的经历， 使他做了这个 14 米的 口罩。A. His hospital stay.他住院了； B. His

19、 Broadway experiences 他的百 老汇经历；C. His fear of the pandemic 他对大流行的恐惧；D. His research on organ donation 他的 器官捐献研究。故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据第三段句子 For his new exhibition, the Museum of the After*, Toledo is collecting recycled waste from the CO VID-19 sent by hospitals, laboratories and strangers, including old m

20、edical parts and newspapers about the pandemic.（为了他的新展览”之后博物馆”，托莱多正在收集 医院、实验室和陌生人送来的COVID-19回收垃圾，包括旧医疗部件和关于大流行的报纸。）可 知，Museumof the After的艺术品都是由与冠状病毒大流行有关的废品制成的。故选D。（3）推理判断题。根据第五段”句子 The exhibition will tell the story of this ship that went sailing and was stranded （搁浅） by a storm, which is a great

21、metaphor for what is happening to us.This pandemic is a great global storm,（展览将讲述这艘航行途中被风暴搁浅的船的故事，这正是对发生在我们 身上的事情的一个很好的比喻。这场流行病是一场巨大的全球风暴。）可以推断出，Toledo用在 风暴中搁浅的船的故事来表达2019冠状病毒病大流行给我们带来了巨大的痛苦。故选Do（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段句子 As with the huge mask, which was replicated （复制）in countries such as the United States

22、and Japan, the artist dreams of replicating the new exhibition in other cities around the world.（随着这个巨大的口罩在美国和日本等国家被复制，这位艺术家梦想在世界各地 的其他城市复制新的展览。）可知，托莱多希望在其他地方复制他的展览。故选C。本文是一篇说明文。主要报道了一位艺术家，因为新冠肺炎产生了一些废品，他把这些废品变成 艺术品的故事。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的

23、现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。811 .【答案】B、A、B、A【解析】（1） B.推理判断题。根据第一段中的The planets climate has been changing over thousands of years.The average global temperature today is about 15.Scientists are worried that the planet is warming faster than ever before.The 20 warmest year s on record have

24、been in the past 22 years, according to the World Meteorological Organization（WMO） .If this situation continues, temperatures may rise by 3-5 by 2100.（几千年来,地球的 气候一直在变化。今天全球平均气温约为摄氏15度。科学家担心地球变暖的速度比以往任何时候 都快。根据世界气象组织的数据，有记录以来最热的20年是在过去的22年里。如果这种情况继 续下去，到2100年，气温可能上升3-5摄氏度。）可知，第一段主要讲了全球气温上升，其中提 到地球气候最

25、热的记录是为了举例子证明全球气候变暖，故选Bo（2） A.细节理解题。根据第二段中的 Even a 2 rise will be bad for us all.Now, half a degree doesnt sound like much,but it could make a big difference to the planet.A 2 C rise will mean that all the coral reefs （珊瑚 礁）will disappear, but a 1.5 rise means that there will still be some.（即使气温上升 2

26、摄氏度,对 我们所有人都是不利的。现在，半度听起来并不多，但它可能会对地球产生很大的影响。2摄氏 度的上升意味着所有的珊瑚礁都将消失，但L5摄氏度的上升意味着仍会有一些珊瑚礁。）可知， 如果地球平均温度上升2。所有的珊瑚礁都无法存活，都会消失，故选A。（3） B.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 People should buy less meat.Of all the foods we eat, beef has the biggest effect on climate change because it produces a high amount of greenhouse gases

27、to r aise cows.（人们应该少买点肉。在我们所吃的所有食物中，牛肉对气候变化的影响最大，因为它 产生大量的温室气体来饲养奶牛。）可知，科学家建议人们少吃牛肉，因为牛肉饲养奶牛会产生 大量的温室气体，所以B选项”Eating more be.（吃更多牛肉）与科学家的建议不符，故选B。（4） A.标题确定题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了近年来，全球气侯变暖，如果这种情况继续 下去，到2100年，气温可能上升3-5摄氏度。我们应该阻止这种情况发生，不要让全球平均气温 上升超过1.5摄氏度。因为气温上升2摄氏度会产生很严重的后果。与此同时，科学家就减缓全 球变暖给我们提出一些建议。所以可以

28、推断出A选项Even Haifa Degree Matters （哪怕是半度也 很重要）符合做文章标题，突出了我们要阻止全球变暖的急迫性，故选A。这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了近年来，全球气侯变暖，如果这种情况继续下去，到2100年, 气温可能上升3-5摄氏度。我们应该阻止这种情况发生，不要让全球平均气温上升超过L5摄氏度。 因为气温上升2摄氏度会产生很严重的后果。与此同时，科学家就减缓全球变暖给我们提出一些 建议。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语 句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。1215,【答案】A、D、B、C【解析】（1） A.细节

29、理解题。根据第二段 Inside is the spinal cord, which carries important information between the head and the lower part of the body.（里面是脊髓，它在头部和身体下部之间传递重要信 息。）可知，脊髓的主要功能是传递重要信息，是一个信息载体。故选A。（2） D.推理判断题。根据第二段 Inside is the spinal cord, which carries important information between the head and the lower part of th

30、e body.This information moves around as bursts of electricity traveling between the brain and the other parts of the body.When the spinal cord is hurt, this pathway gets damaged and they cant move their legs.（里面是脊髓，它在头部和身体下部之间传递重要信息。这些信息作 为电流在大脑和身体其他部位之间传播。当脊髓受伤时，这条通路就会受损，他们的腿就不能动 了 o ）以及第三段中的 The r

31、esearchers made sure the electrodes were lined up with nerves that control the leg muscles.The scientists controlled the implants from a tablet computer.（研究人员确保电极与控制腿 部肌肉的神经对齐。科学家们通过平板电脑控制植入物。）可知，脊髓受伤时，神经流受损导致 他们的腿不能动，所以科学家植入特殊装置的预期用途是弥补受伤造成的神经间隙。故选D。（3） B.段落大意题。根据第四段 Instead, the tablet tells the i

32、mplant to send the walking messages. The researchers used computers to generate patterns of movement, like taking a step.The patient then uses the tablet to choose the pattern and the muscles move in the chosen way.（相反，平板电脑让植入物发送行 走信息。研究人员使用计算机生成运动模式，比如迈出一步。然后，患者使用平板电脑选择模式， 肌肉以选定的方式运动。）可知，本段主要介绍了该设备

33、如何在患者身上工作。故选B。（4）C.标题归纳题。根据第一段 Now, scientists have given three paralyzed men the ability to walk again, thanks to an implanted device.（现在，由于植入了一种设备，科学家们已经让三名瘫痪男子恢复了 行走的能力。）以及最后一段中的 But the scientists are hopeful that in the future, this sort of technology will allow many paralyzed people to begin t

34、o walk again in just hours.（但科学家们希望, 在未来，这 种技术将允许许多瘫痪的人在短短儿个小时内重新开始行走。）可知，文章主要介绍了科学家通 过植入特殊装置让瘫痪者恢复行走能力，所以C.Implant helps the paralyzed walk again.n 植入物帮助瘫患者再次行走”可以作为文章标题。故选C。本文是一篇社会文化类阅读，主要介绍了科学家通过植入特殊装置让瘫痪者恢复行走能力。1 .直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致 的题目。2.间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有

35、差异， 做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3.综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原 文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的 信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。1620.【答案】C、E、D、A、G解析(1) C.推理判断题。根据空前 Some bad habits seem to stick around without us even realizing it. ”有些坏习惯似乎一直存在，我们甚至没有意识到这一点；以及空后”You can overcome them, find better alternatives, and get

36、through your struggle to become a better you!你能克服他们,找到更好的选 择，并通过你的奋斗成为一个更好的你！可知C. Make the choice today that you won*t be ruled by them. 今天就做决定你不会被他们统治。符合语境，故选C.(2) E.语境判断题。根据空前” Its easy to get stuck in a fixed way of life. ”这很容易陷入固定的生活 方式； 以及空后”In choosing to grow, you build character, develop you

37、r strengths, become aware of what needs improvement, and turn into the well-rounded person you need to be to succeed.”在选择成长的过 程中，你培养个性，发展你的力量，意识到什么需要改进，并成为一个全面发展的人你需要成为 成功。可知 E. However, with re-evaluation and growth comes a beautiful freedom.然而，随着重新 评价和成长，带来了美好的自由二符合语境，故选E,(3) D.推理判断题。根据空前 Where do

38、 you need balance? Are you all work, no play? Or the opposite? ”你在哪里需要平衡？你们都在工作，不玩吗？或者相反？以及空后IfyouTe spending too much time working or locked away alone, find the time for social interaction and having fun.“如果你 花太多的时间工作或单独关起来，找时间进行社交活动，找点乐子。可知D. Neither extreme will lead you to a pleasant life for v

39、ery long.”两个极端都不会让你过上长久的幸福的生活”符合语境。选 D.(4) A.联系下文题。根据空后” This is vital to human existence. We need the loving bonds created by family members and friends. Personal relationships are key to emotional growth and social stability.”这对 人类的生存至关重要。我们需要家庭成员和朋友所建立的爱的纽带。人际关系是情感成长和社会 稳定的关键。可知A. Choose to spend

40、 time with those you love”选择花时间和你爱的人在一起。” 符合语境，故选A.(5) G.联系上文题。根据空前“It may mean clearing out your schedule or doing something youve never done.”这可能意味着清理你的日程或做一些你从未做过的事情。可知G. However, the reward from success and personal accomplishment will be worth it.然而，从成功和个人成就中获得的回报是值得 的。”符合语境，故选G.本文是一篇说明文，了如何改变你

41、的生活。文章提了几个建议，你可以改变你的坏习惯，学会成 长，有一个平衡的生活，和喜欢的人相处，有激情的活着。关于七选五的做题步骤：步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位 置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。步骤五：区分相似项。2135,【答案】D、B、B、C、A、B、D、C、A、D、A、B、C、A、B【解析】(1)考查习惯用语及语境理解。A.faced the music

42、承担后果；B. turned a deaf car充耳不 闻;C.had green fingers擅长园艺；D.got butterflies感到不安。句意：安吉拉感到不安。根据上文 For the final exam, instead of a written test,everyone will be required to give a ten-minute presentation on one of the science topics we covered this year, ”(期末考试不是笔试，而是要求每个人就我们今年涉及的一个科学主题做10分钟的演讲) 可知，期末考试改

43、变了考试形式，肯定会有紧张不安的感受，所以此处用习惯用语got butterflies表 示“感到不安”，符合语境。故选D项。(2)考查形容词及语境理解。A.rare罕见的；B.last最后的，最晚的；C.reliable可信赖的；D.practical 实用的。句意：马克思先生分发报关单时，安吉拉选择了蝌蚪的主题，但也确保她选择了最后一 个演讲时间。根据上句Angela (1).可知，由于安琪拉对这个演讲很不安，所以她想尽可能晚的 面对它，于是她选择了“最后”一个时间档来演讲。故选B项。(3)考查介词短语及语境理解。A.in honor of纪念；B.infrontof在前面；C.in pl

44、ace of代替；D.in favor of支持、赞同。句意：他希望从现在到她必须在全班同学面前讲话这段时间，尽量保持 距离。根据上文“have to speak (必须讲话)”可知，此处用短语in front of指她需要在全班同学”面 前”演讲，符合语境。故选B项。(4)考查名词及语境理解。A.experience经历，经验；B.success成功；C.difficulty困难；D.interest 兴趣。句意：安吉拉晚上开始难以入睡。根据上句Angela (1).(感到不安)可知，安琪拉对演 讲感到不安，会导致入睡有困难，所以此处用短语have difficulty in doing s

45、th来表示“在某方面有 困难”符合语境。故选C项。(5)考查动词(短语)及语境理解。A.failing失败;B.taking拿走；C.preparing for为做准备；D.cheatingin欺骗。句意：她梦见期末考试不及格，因为她僵住了，忘了该说什么。根据下文 because she froze (因为他僵住了)”可知，此处指考试”失败、不及格”，符合语境。故选A项。(6)考查动词及语境理解。A.missed错过；B.forgot忘记;C.changed改变;D.delivered递送，发 表。句意：她梦见期末考试不及格，因为她僵住了，忘了该说什么。根据上文“because she fro

46、ze(因为他僵住了)”可知，此处指她“忘记了”演讲内容，符合语境。故选B项。(7)考查名词及语境理解。A.expression 表达；B.introduction 介绍；C.invitation 邀请；D.presentation 呈现，报告。句意：每个同学的演讲都意味着她离自我展示又近了一步。根据下文nshe was one step closer to having to present herself (她离展示自己又近了 一步)”可知，止匕处是 用presentation指学生们的”呈现、演讲”符合语境。故选D项。(8)考查动词及语境理解。A.remember记得;B.speak说；C

47、.concentrate集中注意力；D.imagine 想象。句意：她根本无法集中注意力。根据上文When the day arrived, Angela couldnt eat breakfast, and she had to get through math before science.(当这一天到来的时候，安吉拉不能吃早餐，她必须 在科学之前完成数学。)”可知，她在演讲这一天到来时，她是一种紧张和忙碌的状态，所以此处 指无法”集中注意力”符合语境。故选C项。(9)考查动词及语境理解。A.called叫，呼喊；B.noticed注意到；C.found发现；D.declared宣告。 句

48、意：马克思先生叫她的名字时，她的心怦怦直跳。根据空格后的hername (她的名字)可知， 此处用动词call表示老师“叫“她的名字时，心怦怦直跳，符合语境。故选A项。(10)考查副词及语境理解。A.briefly简要地；B.directly直接地；C.angrily愤怒地;D.slowly慢 慢地。句意：她用颐抖的手收集起便条，慢慢地走到教室前面。根据上文She gathered her notecards with shaking hands (她用颤抖的手收集她的明信片)可知。此时的状态 是紧张的，所以用slowly表示“慢慢地”走到教室前，符合语境。故选D项。(11)考查动词及语境理解

49、。A.expect预料，期待。B.promise承诺；C.realize意识到；D.understand 理解。句意：然后，发生了一件她完全没有预料到的事。根据下文的She relaxed(她放松)和smoothly(顺利地)可知，她的演讲顺利，所以这应该是她没有“预料到”的事。故选A项。(12)考查动词及语境理解。A.spelt拼写；B.flowed流动、流消；C.struck击打，撞；D.rang响铃。 句意：她一开口，话就说得很流畅。根据空格后的smoothly可知，此处指她的演讲的话语像流水 一样从她嘴中顺畅地“流出来”。故选B项。(13)考查副词及语境理解。A.violently猛烈地;B.respectfully恭敬地；C.encouragingly鼓励地; D.thoughtfully沉思地，体贴地。句意：她看到马克思先生