广东省2022年中考英语复习学案：专题六 介词与介词短语.docx

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1、专题六介词与介词短语考点乐省卷近5年中考统计情况201720182019202020211.表时间的介词q2.表地点和位置的 介词qN3.表示方式、手段、方向等的介词q4.其他常见介词5.介词短语6.固定搭配0 核心突破理考点 / 介词概述介词是一种用来表示词与词或者词与句之间的关系的词，在句定义定义用法中不能单独作句子成分。介词一定要有宾语，充当宾语的一般 有名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词、短语或句子。This machine is in good condition. 这台机 介词和它的宾语构成器状况良好。（表语）介词词组，在句中作、Where is the key to my bike?

2、 我自行车 定语、状语、表语、的钥匙在哪里？（定语）补足语等We couldnt live without air or water.言）You can do this in a different way.你可以用一种不同的方式做这件事。用（具体的工 He plays table tennis with his left hand.他用左具或身体部手打乒乓球。位）We write with pens.我们用钢笔写字。I can watch the football match on TV. 我可以通 通过（电波）.过电视看这场足球比赛。用（交通工具）、_、I go to school on

3、my bike.我骑自行车上学。Weather conditions are forecast every day overover通过（电波）radio and TV.天气状况每天在广播及电视上预报。以（方法、手 I got to know him through a friend.我通过一个throughthrough段）朋友认识了他。按照）1. This story isWhen in Rome, do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。9考点练simple English. My little sister can readit.A. forB. inC. withD. by

4、）2. How do you learn English words?making flashcards.C. ForD. WithA. ToB.By( B )3.1 like going to school my bike.A. in B. on C. by D. at( A )4. It is really cool to realize your dream great effort.A. through B. of C. till D. about国点回其他常用介词介词具体用法示例as作为；当作He is famous as a writer.他是一位有名的 作家。like与一样He

5、looks like his mother.他长得像他妈妈。without没有He left without a word.他一声不响地走了。about/on关于a book on/about pandas 本猫的书of的a map of China 一张中国地图with和一起Come with me.是艮我来。随着My mother came in with flowers in her hands.妈妈手捧鲜花走进来。有；带有some tea with milk 加奶的茶因为；由于With the help of a dog, the police searched for two hou

6、rs.在一条狗的帮助下，警察搜查了两个小 时。9考点练except/ besidesexcept 除外（不包括）Everyone passed the exam except Tom.除了汤姆，每个人都通过了考试。（汤姆一个人没有过）besides 除外（还包括）Besides Mr Li, five teachers went to the meeting.除了李老师，还有五个老师去开会了。（一 共六个老师）for由于；因为I am sorry for coming late.对不起，我迟 到了。供用的Knives are used for cutting things.刀子用 于切东西。为

7、；为了Do more exercise for the good of your health.为了健康你要多运动。对来说If s so important for you to do it.对你来说， 做这件事很重要。向；往When are you leaving for Shanghai? 你们什么时候动身去上海？( C )1.1 want to learn a second foreign language English.A. except B. beside C. besides D. except for( D )2. My English teacher always comes

8、 into the classroom a smile.A. byB. forC. onD. with( A )3. Would you like something to drink, Mum?一Yes, rd like a cup of coffee nothing in it.A. withB. without C. forD. to ( D )4. Its very convenient us to buy train tickets nowbecause we can buy them either from the station or on the Internet.A. toB

9、.ofC. byD. for考点动词与介词的常见搭配listen to 听think of 想起depend on 依罪get to到达worry about 担心talk about 谈论laugh at 嘲笑hear from收到的来信do with对付，处置wait for 等待spend. . . on 花费turn on/turn off 打开/关掉get on/off上车/卜军look after照顾，照料turn up/down 调大/调小look for 寻找agree with 同意regard. . . as 寸巴当作knock at 敲ask for请求，向要pay fo

10、r付款belong to 属于catch up with 赶上cheer up使图米come up with 提出fall off掉卜来hear of听说五常见介词搭配get along/ on with与相处learn from 向学习help with 帮助arrive at/in 至达形容词与介词的常见搭配be ready for 为做好准备be fond of 喜欢be kind to 对好/仁慈be busy with 忙于be late for 迟到be kind of太好了be afraid of 害怕be good at 擅长be full of 装满be angry with

11、生的气be interested in 对感兴趣be strict with 对严格be different from与不同辨析：be kind to与be kind ofbe kind to对好/仁慈”，其土语是人或其他 的动物等You are kind to the old man.你对这个老人很仁 慈。be kind of的意思是 “太好了”，其主语 是it, that等词It is kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好To介词与名词的常见搭配by bike/bus/train 骑 自行车/乘公共汽车 /乘火车on ones way to 在某人去的路上on t

12、ime准时on foot步行to one5 s surprise 使某人惊奇的是at the foot of 在的脚下；在尽头，末尾by the way顺便说一下in surprise惊奇地in silence默默地in public在公共场合in trouble处于困境中in time及时续表介词与名词的常见搭配at once 立亥！to one飞 pleasure/joy 使某人高兴/快乐的是to ones excitement使某人兴奋的是with ones help 在某人的帮助下without ones help 没有某人的帮助特 殊 句 式IVs+adj. +of sb. to d

13、o sth.句型结构中， it是形式主语,的.修饰的是sb.,该句 型中的形容词一般用于表示人物的性 格、品德、主观情感或态度，如：kind,Its very kind of you to help me with my math. 你帮助我学习数学真 是太好了。Its necessary for us to write a good composition every week.每周写一篇好作文对 我们来说很有必要。Its necessary for us to write a good composition every week.每周写一篇好作文对 我们来说很有必要。nice, good

14、, helpful, stupid, foolish, clever, smart 等中，it是形式主语,to do是真正的主语,中，it是形式主语,to do是真正的主语,该句型中的形容词修饰的是事物，如:IVs+adj. + for sb. to do sth.句型结构 difficult, easy, hard, important, dangerous, (im)possible 等9考点练( C )1. 一I want to watch TV the whole day after the long journey.You shouldnt watch TV too much. It

15、s bad your eyes.A. on B. inC. for D. with ( B )2. In the world, more than 30% of schools do not provide safe drinking water about 570 million children.A. with B. for C. towards D. in( B )3. Mike! Our country is building the third aircraft carri er(舟亢 空母舰).Xinhua News Agency reported last month.一What

16、 unusual thing! Im proud it.A. a; of B. an; of C. the; in D. /; in( A )4. I enjoy talking with my classmates our way to school.A. onB. atC.inD. under( B )5. 一 Jim, would you please tidy up your room by yourself? , you are no longer a child.一 All right, Im coming.A. First of allB. After allC. As a re

17、sult D. Forexamplep真题集训-试锋芒 / ( A )1. (2020.天水中考)the kind-hearted lady, the homeless boy has a new family.A. Thanks to B. Thank to C. Thanks for D. Thank for(D )2. (2020天水中考)Man cant live water.A. ofB. forC. fromD.without(A )3. (2020百色中考)Hong Kong is the south of China;its one of the busiest cities

18、in the world.A. inB. onC. atD. to( A )4. (2020-天津中考)It is going to rain. Take an umbrella you.A. withB. atC. inD. from(B )5. (2020南京中考)Nanjing Zijinshan Insect Museum, which will be open to the public soon, was formed at the foot of Zhongshan April 2nd.A. inB. onC. atD. from（C ）6. （2020淮安中考）When you

19、 have joys, you can share them your friends.A. forB. inC. withD. on（B ）7. （2020扬州中考）Han clothing is becoming more popular young people.A. overB. among C. betweenD. about（C ）8. （2020盐城中考）Yancheng is the only city China tobe named after salt.A. atB. onC. inD. with（C ）9. （2020连云港中考）To complete her onli

20、ne learning, Suzy needs a computer or a mobile phone to receive messages her teachers.A. withB. during C. from D. through（C ）10. （2020重庆中考 B 卷）The bank is the left of the supermarket. If s not far.A. inB. forC. on D. at（C ）11. （2020达州中考改编）一In order to win the COVID-19 Resistance War（抗击新冠肺炎战），many he

21、roes lost their lives. How great they are!Yeah. China is quite an unusual country. I take pride my motherland.A. ofB. forC. inD. with（C ）12. （2021 山西中考）In the future, robots will play a more important role in peoples life the development of technology.A. ahead of B. instead of C. because of D. kind

22、of（C ）13. （2021 大连中考）1 often do volunteer work in the library Sundays.A. atB. inC. onD. for（ C ）14. （2021天津中考）Anna is taller than me. She sits me in the classroom.A. between B. fromC. behind D. among（B ）15. （2021 温州中考）Kate felt excited to see a group of sheep walking her into a village in Qinghai.A.

23、 overB. pastC. acrossD. through 模拟演练速提能完形填空One day, a man was walking on the road slowly. Suddenly, the man1 a celestial（神仙）.The celestial happened to be 2 of his. They warmly talked with each other about some past things.The celestial saw his old friend 3 worn-out clothes. He thoughtthat his friend

24、s life was hard. The man helped the celestial many years没有空气和水，我们不能生存。（状语）She always thinks herself above others.她总是自以为是。（宾语补足语）副词 here, there, home,abroad,upstairs,downstairs前不用介词I get home at 6: 00 every day.我每天六 点到家。注意时间名词被last, this, next, every, one修饰时，前面不用 介词We went sightseeing in Shanghai las

25、t summer holiday.去年暑假我们去上海观光了。 today,yesterday,tomorrow 等前不用介 词I will do some reading at home tomorrow.我明大在家里看书。介词后的人称代词要用宾格形式You must take good care of her.你彳门一 定要照顾好她。介词后的动词要用-ing形式Jack is good at climbing trees. 杰克擅长 爬树。店无口表示时间的介词ago. So the celestial pointed with his finger at a brick(砖)on the r

26、oadside. Strangely, 4 brick turned into a gold brick at once. And he gave it to the man. 5 magical finger it is! ” the man said. He was very happy and carried the brick home. For a while, the man lived a rich life with his wife and son.介词具体用法示例in用在月、季节、年、 世纪前in summer在夏季in the twenty-first century 在

27、 21 世名己But after a while, the man was not satisfied. Then he visited the celestial and told him he wanted to have a big house and 6 fields. The celestial pointed again with his finger at a large stone lion at the gate. The stone lion at once turned into a gold lion. And he gave the gold lion to him,

28、 too. 7 the man still complained it was not enough.The celestial 8 asked him, “My friend, how much will be enough 9 you? What should I do to satisfy you? ” The man said, I want 10 finger. ” What a greedy (贪婪的)man!(C )1. A. meetB. will meetC. metD.wasmeeting( A )2. A. a friendB. friendsC. relativeD.

29、relatives(D )3. A. to takeB. takeC. to wearD. wear(C )4. A. aB. anC. theD./(D )5. A. HowB. How aC. WhatD. What a(B )6. A. fewB. someC. muchD. little(C )7. A. SoB. AndC. ButD. Or(B )8. A. finalB. finallyC. certainD. certainlyA )9. A. forB )10. A. youA )9. A. forB )10. A. you8. toC. withD. fromD. your

30、selfD. fromD. yourselfB. yourC. yoursin May在五月in 2014 在 2014 年指在一段时间内用在泛指的上午、下午、晚上前指在一段时间内用在泛指的上午、下午、晚上前in two days在两天内in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上续表介词具体用法示例at表示时刻、时间的某 点at 9: 00 在九点；at noon / night 在中午/夜里at that time 在那时on用在具体的日子、星 期、节日前on a cold rainy day在寒冷的雨大on May 1st在五月一日on Sunda

31、y在星期天on MotherDay在母亲u用在具体的某一天 的早、中、晚前on Monday morning 在星期一早晨on a cold morning在寒冷的早晨on the morning of May 1st 在五月一 日早晨during在期间during the summer holiday 在暑假期 间past过（时间）ten past six 六点十分用于时间点或“一till/until直到.时till / until midnight 直到午夜by不迟于，在之前by then到那时为止at the end / beginni ng ofat the end of 在末at t

32、he end of this term 在本学期末at the beginning of 在的开头（开 始的时候）at the beginning of the meeting 在会议开始时since /forsince +时间点/过 去时的句子，表示 从过去某个时间到 现在I have been in China since 2001.自从2001年，我一直在中国。for+ 一段时间（现 在元成时），表ZF经过了多长时间I have been in China for 16 years.我在中国待了 16年。from从起；自Students go to school from Monday

33、toFriday.学生们从周一到周五上学。before /after / inbefore表示“在之前”Please wash your hands before dinner.餐前请先洗手。after表示“后”, 与过去时连用，常He said that he would be here after 6: 00.他说他六点钟之后会来这里。段时间”前“in+ 段时间”表We will finish the work in an hour.示“以后，用我们将在一小时后完成工作。于一般将来时9考点练( D )1. Most of the villagers took part in the Dra

34、gon Boat races 9: 00 a. m.the morning of June 7.A. at; inB. on; on C. on; inD. at; on( C )2. Tm going out. ril be back an hour.A. atB. on C. inD. from( A )3.October 1, we celebrated the 72nd birthday of our motherland.A. OnB. In C. At D. During( B )4. Xinhua Zidian. or the New Chinese Dictionary, wa

35、s first published 1953.A. onB. inC. atD. for( C )5. Beijing Expo 2019 opened to the public 29th April. Itlasted over five months.A. atB. inC. on D. of国豆目表场所、方向的介词I介词图示 意义示例The students are reading in thein在之内classroom.on上。over在（正）上方under在（正）下方There are several bridges over the river.河上有好几座桥。The boat

36、 sailed under the bridge. 在桥下行驶。aboveThe plane flew above the clouds.飞 上方机在云上飞行。belowThe sun sinks below the horizon.太 下方阳降落在地平线下。Our house is by the river.我们的房by子在河边。旁边、Come and sit beside me.过来坐在beside学生们正在教室里读书。The boat is on the river. 那条船在河我旁边。I dont need a car because I live nearnearnear在附近the

37、 city centre.我不需要汽车，因为我住在市中心 附近。next to紧挨My best friend sits next to me in class.behind在后面上课时我最好的朋友坐在我的旁 边。Oliver hid behind a tree.奥列弗藏在一棵树后面。He made a speech before a largebeforebefore在之前audience.他在许多观众面前发表了讲话。outside在外面He parked his car outside the theater.他把汽车停在剧场外面。to到去We walked to the fruit sh

38、op.我们步行到水果店。We traveled to London fromfromfrom从来Edinburgh.我们从爰丁堡旅行到伦敦。(a)rounbetweeamong围绕在之间（指二者）在之间（指三者All sat around the table.所有的人围绕着桌子坐。The letter B is between A and C. 字母B在A和C之间。The house stands among the trees.房子在树丛中。或三者以上）续表横过、越across过throug穿过h向上onto进入到into之内out ofalong从出来/口着If the road is b

39、usy, dont walkacross it.如果道路拥挤，就不要横穿它。We drove through the tunnel.我们开车穿过了隧道。The men lifted the baskets onto thetrucks.人们把篮子运上卡车。They put the apples into the baskets.他们把苹果放进篮子里。Dont look out of the window inclass.上课时不要朝窗外看。Walk along this street, then turnleft, and you can see the postoffice.沿着这条街走，然

40、后向左拐,你就可以看到邮局。up向上The monkeys climbed up the trees to pick the bananas.猴子爬到树上去摘香蕉。down向下The ball is rolling down the hill.球 正往山下滚。9考点练( A )1. On sunny days, my grandma often reads a novel thewindow.A. by B. for C. with D. from( B )2. 一 Look, there is a cute bird, Mom.It flew into our kitchen the win

41、dow just now, Alex.A. acrossB. throughC. aboveD. under( C )3. We planted some flowers the garden yesterday.A. onB. toC. inD. of蓬点县表示方式的介词介词具体用法示例用（方法、手 Mr Green usually goes to work by bus.格林先 段、途径等）；生通常乘坐公共汽车上班。by、|乘坐（交通工 He makes a living by selling newspapers.他靠 具）卖报纸谋生。用（方式、材 He wrote many letters in English.他用英语写 in料、途径、语了许多信件。