上海市交通大学附属中学2022-2023高二上学期期中考试英语试题（原卷版）.docx

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1、上海交通大学附属中学2022-2023学年度第一学期高二英语期中试卷(满分150分，120分钟完成。答案请写在答题纸上。)第I卷I Listening Comprehension (25%)Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the quest

2、ions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Drive the man home. B. Share a taxi with the man.C. Get the man his car. D. Tell the man

3、the way home.2. A. At a railway station. B. At a ticket office.C. In a park. D. In an apartment.3. A. The woman will have no difficulty in her next class.B. He used to have trouble doing the assignment.C. The woman needs help with her assignment.D. He could find a tutor for the woman.4. A. Find some

4、 cheaper ice cream. B. Get ice cream at a different store.C Buy the ice cream he usually buys. D. Choose the ice cream that tastes good.5. A. He didnt enjoy the game because the team lost.B. He was impressed by the efforts the team made.C. The woman is wrong about who won the game.D. The players cou

5、ld have won if theyd tried harder.6. A. The increase in fees has not been announced.B. The man has decided to move out of the dorm.C. The dorms will be cheaper than off-campus housing.D. The woman is pleased she wont have to pay the higher fees.7. A. He didnt know that David was having a problem.8.

6、The woman doesnt know much about accounting.9. David hasnt started working on his project yet.10. David is going to ask the woman for help.8. A. Borrow money from his family.B. Get advice on how to organize the trip.C. Invite his family to go to Alaska with him.D. Make a flight reservation as soon a

7、s possible.9. A. HeM like to go fbr a walk another time.B. He doesnt want to walk in the rain.C. He only has time for a short walk.D. Hes going to check out a book.10. A. She hadnt heard about the New Year celebration.B. She didnt attend the French Club meeting.C. Alibaba has imposed a big threat on

8、 western enterprises.D. Tmall will provide a brand new experience for western shoppers.59. Which of the following might be the best title of this passage?A. Alibaba set to expand double 11”.B. Jack Mars dream of transforming Alibaba.C. Taobao and Tmall, Alibabas effective weapon.D. The battle of dou

9、ble 11 is just around the comer.(B)EARTH WEEKA diary of the planetStormsSeveral more rounds of fierce storms, tornadoes and floods struck many parts of the American Midwest and Northeast as bad weather continued across the US for a second month.Monsoon StormsA south-west monsoon has caused great dam

10、age in parts of SriLanka. Government meteorologists said that unexpected monsoonal winds blew directly across the country from the southern part of the earth at about lOOkm/h, producing several rounds of stormy weather. Nearly 250 houses in the capital Colombo were damaged.Mt Etna EruptsSicily Mount

11、 Etna volcano erupted shortly after midnight on July 1, shooting bombs” of lave (岩浆)on the eastern side of the mountain. The 30-minute eruption could be seen for several miles but did not threaten any nearby villages.HurricaneHurricane Blas lost strength as it moved over cooler waters in the Pacific

12、 Ocean to the west of Mexico. Blas formed off southwest Mexico during the last week, but the outer part of the storm swept western Michoacan State, killing four people when their wood and cardboard home fell down.Monkey RepellentAfter years of unsuccessful attempts to keep crop-eating monkeys out of

13、 Japanese fields, a Tokyo research teambelieves that it may have finally found a way to prevent the damage caused by the monkeys. Animal ruin of crops were successfully prevented by shooting chili powder into the air, irritating the eyes and noses of monkeys that passed in front of carefully placed

14、warning. Weve tried all kinds of preventive measures, but the monkeys are bright enough to outsmart the tricks J said Toshiaki Wada, Director of the Tokyo Forestry Experiment Station in western Tokyo.60. The monsoon in Sri Lanka.A. was of average strengthB. destroyed more property than previous mons

15、oonsC. was rare for that time of the yearD. affected only the outer areas of the nation61. Toshiaki Wada, director of the Tokyo Forestry Experiment Station, would describe the monkeys as.A. happyB. cleverC. harmlessD. lovableThe information in the “EARTH WEEK” diary.A. tells people future weather pa

16、tternsB. gives advice on dealing with monsoonsC. shows that weather can change unexpectedlyD. shows the effects that storms have on animals(C)Months ago, researchers at UCLA published a study that showed using a specific type of yoga to engage in a brief, simple daily meditation reduced the stress l

17、evels of people who care for those stricken by Alzheimers and other forms of dementia. Now they know why.As previously reported, practicing a certain form of chanting yogic meditation for just 12 minutes daily for eight weeks led to a reduction in the biological mechanisms responsible fbr an increas

18、e in the immune systems inflammation response. Inflammation, if constantly activated, can contribute to a multitude of chronic health problems.Reporting in the current online edition of the journal Psychoneuroendocrinology, Dr. Helen Lavretsky, senior author and a professor of psychiatry at the UCLA

19、 Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and colleagues found in their work with 45 family dementia caregivers that 68 of their genes responded differently after Kirtan Kriya Meditation (KKM), resulting in reduced inflammation.Caregivers are the unsung heroes for their yeomans work in t

20、aking care of loved ones that have been stricken with Alzheimers and other forms of dementia, said Lavretsky, who also directs UCLAs Late-Life Depression, Stress and Wellness Research Program. But caring for a frail or demented family member can be a significant life stressor. Older adult caregivers

21、 report higher levels of stress and depression and lower levels of satisfaction, vigor and life in general. Moreover, caregivers show higher levels of the biological markers of inflammation. Family members in particular are often considered to be at risk of stress-related disease and general health

22、decline.“We know that chronic stress places caregivers at a higher risk for developing depression/7 she said On average, the incidence and prevalence of clinical depression in family dementia care givers approaches 50 percent. Caregivers are also twice as likely to report high levels of emotional di

23、stress., What s more, many caregivers tend to be older themselves, leading to what Lavretsky calls an impaired resilience to stress and an increased rate of cardiovascular disease and mortality.Research has suggested for some time that psychosocial interventions like meditation reduce the adverse ef

24、fects of caregiver stress on physical and mental health. However, the pathways by which such psychosocial interventions impact biological processes are poorly understood.“The goal of the study was to determine if meditation might alter the activity of inflammatoiy and antiviral proteins that shape i

25、mmune cell gene expression,“ said Lavretsky. Our analysis showed a reduced activity of those proteins linked directly to increased inflammation.“This is encouraging news. Caregivers often dont have the time, energy, or contacts that could bring them a little relief from the stress of taking care of

26、a loved one with dementia, so practicing a brief form of yogic meditation, which is easy to learn, is a useful tool.According to researchers at UCLA, whose pressure can be decreased by doing a particular kind of yoga meditation?A. People suffered from Alzheimer and dementia.B. People who care for th

27、ose suffered from Alzheimers and dementia.C All family members of those who suffered from Alzheimers and dementia.D. Alzheimer and dementias research experts.62. Lavretsky said that caregivers.A. are heroes who have the highest honorB. are at risk of being infected by their patientsC. are heroes unk

28、nown to the publicD. should be rewarded with a lot of money63. Research has shown that psychosocial interferences such as meditation can.A. lower the caregivers9 risk of stress-related diseasesreduce the older peoples rate of cardiovascular disease and mortalityB. eliminate caregivers9 physical and

29、mental stressweaken the unfavorable influences of caregiver pressure on physical and mental health64. According to Lavretsky, the aim of the study is to test.A. whether meditation can change the action of inflammatory and antiviral proteinsB. whether meditation can activate the inflammatory and anti

30、viral proteinswhether the activity of those proteins relates to the inflammationC. whether the antiviral proteins can form immune cell gene expressionSection C (8%)Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.

31、 Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Brain Doctor: wDitch the Diet if You Want to Lose Weight”From the grapefruit diet to The Master Cleanse,“ fad diets have become quite popular in our Holy wood-influenced society. However, crash dieting is synonymous with food deprivation. Depriva

32、tion means never feeling satisfied after a meal, and no one can do that long-term.As Americans, we eat larger portions than most other cultures, and much larger portions than our bodies actually need to feel satisfied. 67.Enter Dr. Alan Hirsch, a renowned neurologist, whose lifelong specialty has be

33、en understanding how our senses, and in particular, smell and taste affect the brains functioning. Dr. Hirsch noticed that many patients who had lost their sense of smell and taste due to illness or accident experienced rapid weight gain. 68 Enhancing the smell of food could lead to weight loss.Dr.

34、Hirsch studied hundreds of compounds and after years of research developed a set of virtually odorless and tasteless food sprinkles, called “Tastants,“ that enhance the experience of eating and trigger the body to feel fuller on smaller portions. Then, in one of the largest clinical studies of a non

35、-prescription weight-loss system, these Tastants were tested for effectiveness as a means of weight loss.The results were significant. 69 Participants achieved these results without adding exercise or changing their diet. Hirsh recently made these Tastants available to the public as the SENSA Weight

36、 Loss System.“The reason SENSA works, when diets dont, is because it lets you do what no diet can,“ says Dr. Hirsch. It lets you lose weight while still eating the foods you love most without ever feeling hungry or deprived., 70 Too good to be true?How to try it free?Apparently the company anticipat

37、ed a somewhat skeptical response from consumers so they have launched a “try it before you buy it” campaign.They are so confident you will lose weight with SENSA that new customers get to use the product for 30 days so that they can see results before deciding if they want to pay for it or not.A. In

38、 order to look more pretty, keep a slim body and be more attractive in appearance, many people would like to lose weight by various ways.B. Hirsh hypothesized that if loss of smell contributed to weight gain, then the opposite could be true.C. So you eat what you want, you just eat less.D. Eating at

39、 a restaurant costs, on average, $20 USD per meal-LARGE portions of food are served.E. But what if you could actually train your brain to feel satisfied on smaller portions?F. Over a 6 month period, 1,436 women and men sprinkled flavorless Tastant“ crystals on everything they ate, and lost an averag

40、e of 30.5 pounds-nearly 15% of their total body weight.第n卷IV. Grammar (10%)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the othe

41、r blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Meet the IslandsLocated 86 km north-east of Bougainville in the South Pacific, the Carteret Islands of Papua New Guinea are composed of low-lying islands 71 (distribute) in a horseshoe shape, with a total land area of 0.6 square kilometers and a maxim

42、um elevation of 1.5 meters above sea level.The Carteret Islands are believed 72 (inhabit) for more than one thousand years. Few places are as calm, peaceful and beautiful as the seaside here on a calm day. People are very 73 (welcome), gentle, and calm. Theres no phone network, shops, computers, roa

43、ds, cars, or motorbikes. Food is cooked on open fires. People here live sustainably. They dont overfish or pollute, making no contribution to the warming of our planet. However, they are feeling the consequences of the climate change.Now, as the land 74 (swallow) by the rising sea, the islanders are

44、 faced with an uncertain future. Storms and high tides wash away homes, destroy vegetable gardens and pollute fresh water supplies. The trees on the island are also being impacted by the saltwater. The beach exists 75 fertile soil once did. 76 the coral and seagrasses die, so do the breeding areas f

45、or fish. Many seawalls have been built 77 with little success. The islands have gradually become uninhabitable.The Carteret islanders are labelled as the worlds first official climate-change refugees, as they are forced to abandon their homelands 78 food shortages, rising sea levels, sinking shoreli

46、nes, and the dangers of storms and tides. In front of 79 is the choice whether to stay and watch the islands shrink and slowly disappear or try to rebuild their community somewhere else. Yet, the relocation is not a move embraced by most, and some are unhappy living away from their home, and have re

47、turned after struggling to adapt. On the other hand, relocation will be a great challenge to the preservation of the identity and culture of the Carteret islanders.The Carteret Islanders? story illustrates how small island states and coastal communities fall victim 80 rising sea levels caused by cli

48、mate change. The Carteret Islanders, with a carbon footprint among the lowest in the world, will be among the first to have to leave their homes because of rising seas caused by emissions from other nations.V. Translation: (57 *3=15%)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using

49、the words given in the brackets. 81.演讲者几乎刚开始发言不久，评委就打断了他，因为他太绕弯子，减弱了观众对这个话题的热情。(Barely, enthusiasm)(汉译英)82 .这家公司曾经是人才的聚集地，这样的日子已经一去不复返了，一年前，他们遭到了蓄意的差评，结果 对他们的名声造成了沉重的打击。(home, subject)(汉译英).如果你能请高年级的学生来给我们指导一下如何保持取得进步的信心，以及如何在意外事件中做出恰当 的反应，我将不胜感激。(appreciate, react)(汉译英)C. She doesnt speak French very well.D. She may b