备考2023年高考二轮复习英语测试专题 13阅读理解：推理判断题 -- （解析版）.docx

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1、专题13阅读理解：推理判断题备考2023年高考英语二轮复习讲练测-测（解析版）考试时间：60分钟Passage 1 （2022届东北三省四市教研联合体高考模拟）Take a good look at the American burying beetle（甲虫）Once found in 35 states, the insect is assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as critically endangered. Like the tiger, the American burying beet

2、le has orange and black stripes（条纹）；like the liger, the beetle is declining in number. The （iger is an instantly recognizable symbol of species preservation, but most people arent familiar with the beetle.25 .推理判断题。由第二段中的“The only sure thing for the staff of the Silverton Road Dominos was that they

3、would see Alexanders name show up on their online ordering site sometime between 11 p. m. and midnight several limes a week.（对于Silverton Road Domino的员工来说，唯一可以肯定的是，他们每周会在晚上11 点到午夜的某个时候看到Alexander的名字出现在他们的在线订购网站上好几次）”和第七段中的“Around 1 a. m. on Sunday, May 8. Fuller sent longtime delivery driver Tracey H

4、amblen to stop in at Alexanders home. Hamblen approached Alexanders door as he had countless times before and knocked. （5 月 8 日星期日凌晨 1 点 左右，Fuller派了长期送货司机特蕾西汉布伦到亚历山大的家中停留。汉布伦像以前无数次一样，走近亚 历山大的门，敲门广可知，Alexander经常点外卖，而Tracey Hamblen是派送员，从画线句推断出为二人十 分相熟。故选B项。26 .推理判断题。由第四段“It was a slow Saturday night o

5、n May 7th when Dominos general manager Sarah Fuller felt she could no longer ignore Alexanders recent absence. （57 是一个缓慢的周六晚上，Domino 的总经理Sarah Fuller觉得她再也不能忽视Alexander最近的缺席了）“可知，外卖店经理通过细心观察，察觉 到了顾客Kirk点餐习惯发生的变化，最后救了 Kirk的命，告诉了我们“细节决定成败的道理。故选C项。 Passage 6 （甘肃省武威市凉州区部分校联考2022.2023学年高三上学期第二次诊断）The firs

6、t time that I met a blind scientist. I worked in a program for disabled students interested in pursuing STEM （Science, Technology, Engineering, Maths） research. Until that point, it had never occurred to me how blind students were prevented from receiving science education. My daily experience in cl

7、assrooms consisted of professors drawing and writing on the board with the assumption that students in the class could see. But what about those students who cannot see or suffer from vision problems?A recent paper from Baylor University, led by Katelyn Baumer and Bryan Shaw, was inspired by exactly

8、 this problcm.Thcy designed a study to assess whether people could learn to recognize 3D models, like those often used to teach science, with their mouths instead of with （heir eyes.A 2021 paper in Nature found that primales（灵长类动物）showed the same brain circuit aclivation（激活）when grasping objects wit

9、h their hands and when moving an object with their tongues.This indicates that there may be underlying similarities of physical manipula【ions（操纵）of Ihe hand and the mouth.Baumer and Shaw found that there was comparable touch recognition with hands to mouth manipulation recognition when using these m

10、odels. 365 college students and 31 primary school students participated in the study. The participants were blindfolded and then divided into two groups, one assigned to manipulate objects by hand, and one to manipulate the objects with only their mouths. Each participant was given a single model pr

11、otein to study. They then were asked to identify whether each of a set of eight other protein models matched the original they were given.The research team saw that both age groups of students were able to successfully distinguish between models. Moreover, the accuracy of recalling the structures wa

12、s higher in people who only assessed the models through mouth manipulation.Although this study did not involve blind or low-vision students, it sets the basis for expanding into them next. It may offer a way（o have science become more accessible, which is （he ultimate goal.8. Who will most probably

13、benefit from Baumer and Shaws study?A. Professors. B. College students.C. Primary school students. D. Blind and low-vision students.9. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3?A. Explain a concept to readers. B. Provide supporting information.C. Summarize （he previous paragraphs. D. Introduc

14、e a new topic for discussion.10. What method is used in the study?A. Making comparisons. B. Doing surveys.C. Conducting intennews. D. Reviewing papers.11. What is the text mainly about?A. A recent paper about STEM education.B. A protein model used in science teaching.C. A potential way for disabled

15、students to learn science.D. An academic program for blind scientists to do research.【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要内容是：科学家发现人们用嘴学习可以达到和眼、手一样的效果， 从而为盲人或弱视人群参与科学学习提供了一种解决办法。详解1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“But what about those students who cannot see or suffer from vision problems?（但是那些看不见或有视力问题的学生怎么办呢？

16、）”和第二段中“A recent paper from Baylor University, led by Katelyn Baumer and Bryan Shaw, was inspired by exactly this problem.（由凯特琳鲍默和布莱 恩肖为主的贝勒大学最近的一篇论文正是受到了这个问题的启发）”可知，盲人和弱视学生最有可能从该项 研究中受益。故选D项。2 .推理判断题。文章第三段内容主要“A 2021 p叩er in Nature found that primates（灵长类动物）showed the same brain circuit activation（

17、激活）when grasping objects with their hands and when moving an object with their tongues.This indicates that there may be underlying similarities of physical manipulations（操纵）of the hand and the mouth.（202l年刊登在自然上的一篇论文发现灵长类动物用手抓握物体和用舌头移动物体时会显示 同样的大脑回路激活机制。这说明手和嘴的物理操纵方面存在潜在的相似性。厂由此可知，本段主要为研 究提供支持信息。故选B

18、项。3 .推理判断题。根据第四段内容“The participants were blindfolded and then divided into two groups, one assigned to manipulate objects by hand, and one to manipulate the objects with only their mouths. Each participant was given a single model protein to study. They then were asked to identify whether each of a

19、set of eight other protein models matched the original they were given.（参与者被蒙上眼睛,然后分成两组,一组被分 配用手操作物体，另一组只用嘴操作物体。每个参与者给予一个单一的模型蛋白质进行研究。然后，他们 被要求确定另外八种蛋白质模型中的每一种是否与给他们的原始蛋白质模型相匹配。户可知，本段主要介 绍了研究者把受试人员分为两组，分别用手和用嘴操纵物体，每位受试者先学习一个蛋白质模型，然后让 他们辨认一组八个模型中哪一个符合他们学习的模型，对比结果得出结论，因此主要采用了对比研究方法。 故选A项。4 .主旨大意题。本文主要

20、介绍了科学家研究发现人们用嘴学习可以达到和眼、手一样的效果，从而为盲人 或弱视人群参与科学学习提供了一种潜在的解决办法。故选C项。Passage 7 (河北省衡水市部分学校20222023学年高三上学期9月月考)When she was just 9 years old, Hilde Lysiak became famous across (he United Stales for reporting on difficult news stories. Now Hilde has written a book telling her own story, and sharing some o

21、f the challenges she faced.Hilde Kate Lysiak,s father was a reporter for the New York Daily News. When she was young, he often took her to work with him, and she developed a strong interest in news stories and reporting. When she was 8, Hilde started her own newspaper, called the Orange Street News

22、(OSN). Her family lived on Orange Street. Hilde did the writing, her sister Izzy took pictures, and her father helped her organize and print the newspaper. Following the rules her father had taught her, she researched and reported stories in her monthly newspaper.OSN suddenly became famous when a mu

23、rder happened in town, and 9-year-old Hilde was the first person to report it. Soon, news organizations around the country were doing stories on Hilde. Some people criticized her parents for allowing her to report on something as unpleasant as a murder. Others criticized Hilde fbr pretending to be a

24、 reporter. Some people even suggested she should be playing with dolls.Hilde was upset by the complaints. She responded with a You Tube video, I never began my newspaper so that people would think I was cute,“ she said. 4i want to be taken seriously. Im sure other kids do, too. That wasnt the last t

25、ime Hilde had trouble getting people to take her seriously. Sometimes, it was because of her age. Other times, it was because she was a girl. But she never let that stop her. Hilde continued reporting.Hildes activities as a reporter have made her famous, and she has earned several awards. With her f

26、ather, Hilde has writien a series of books fbr young people, called Hilde Cracks the Case. The books are based loosely on stories that Hilde wrote. The books have now been turned into a TV show called Home Before Dark.4. What caused Hilde to be interested in news reporting?A. Her unusual writing ski

27、lls. B. Her experience with her father at work.C. Her mothers encouragement. D. Her passion for reading newspapers.5. What can we infer from the third paragraph?A. Hilde took pride in the Orange Street News.B. All (he media misunderstood Hildes behaviour.C. Not everyone was happy about Hildes effort

28、s.D. Unpleasant stories were prohibited from being reported.6. Which of the following can be used to describe Hilde?A. Determined. B. Adaptable.C. Awkward. D. Reliable.7. What is probably the best title for the text?A. Challenges Hilde Faced When She Was Young8. A Biographical Novel Written by Hilde

29、 Lysiak9. The Orange Street News: a Popular Newspaper10. Hilde Lysiak: Young Reporter Tells Her Own Slory【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了当只有9岁的Hilde Lysiak因报道困难的新闻故事而闻名于美 国。现在，希尔德写了一本书，讲述了她自己的故事，并分享了她面临的一些挑战。4 .细节理解题。根据第二段内容“Hilde Kate Lysiaks father was a reporter fbr the New York Daily N

30、ews. When she was young, he often took her to work with him, and she developed a strong interest in news stories and reporting. （Hilde Kate Lysiak的父亲是纽约每日新闻的记者。在她年轻的时候，他经常带她一起工作, 她对新闻报道产生了浓厚的兴趣）”可知，Hilde Lysiak对新闻报道感兴趣是因为跟着她的父亲去上班的经历, 故选B项。5 .推理判断题。根据第三段内容“OSN suddenly became famous when a murder ha

31、ppened in town, and 9-year-old Hilde was the first person to report it. Soon, news organizations around the country were doing stories on Hilde. Some people criticized her parents tor allowing her （o report on something as unpleasant as a murder. Others criticized Hilde fbr pretending to be a report

32、er”. Some people even suggested she should be playing with dolls. （OSN突然出名是因为镇上发生了一起谋杀案，9岁的Hilde是第一个报道的人。很快，全国各地的 新闻机构都在报道Hilde。一些人批评她的父母允许她报道像谋杀案这样令人不快的事情。还有人批评 Hilde“假装记者有些人甚至建议她应该玩洋娃娃）”可判断，不是所有的人对Hilde做出的努力都认可。 故选C项。6 .推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容“But she never let that stop her. Hilde continued reporting.（但她

33、从未让 这阻止她。Hilde继续报道）”可判断，人们的抱怨指责没有阻止Hilde Lysiak继续报道，说明Hilde Lysiak 是一个有决心的人。故选A项。7 .主旨大意题。本篇文章是一篇新闻报道。文章的第一段总括文章内容，是新闻报道的标志语，讲述了 当只有9岁的Hilde Lysiak因报道困难的新闻故事而闻名于美国。现在，Hilde Lysiak写了一本书，讲述了 她自己的故事，并分享了她面临的一些挑战。由此可知，短文的最佳标题为“Hilde Lysiak:年轻记者讲述自 己的故事”故选D项。Passage 8 （河南省南阳市第一中学校2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次月考）Ju

34、st like happiness and sadness, anxiety is part of everyones lived experience-but its not always tolerated as such. “People often spend too much time and effort trying to rid anxiety,says Dr Joel Minden, a clinical psychologist.“I encourage them to remember that anxiety is a normal emotional response

35、.If you try to banish anxiety, all youre doing is putting it more at the forefront of your mind. But if you accept anxiety as part of life, you can leam to relate to it with self-pity or even with humour. This is a cornerstone of acceptance and commitment therapy （ACT）, which has been gaining clinic

36、al validation, including by the American Psychological Association. ACT guides people to see their unpleasant emotions as just feelings and to accept that hardship is an indispensable part of life. Sufferers arc encouraged to begin a dialogue with anxious thoughts, examining their causes while also

37、keeping in mind their personal goals and values.This way of relating to anxiety has been a powerful strategy for John Bateman, the 52-year-old host of the podcast Our Anxiety Stories. When negative thoughts arise, he acknowledges them but doesnt let them drive his decisions. Over the years, Bateman

38、has noticed that if he submits to his thoughts, they dont go away but dramatically increase. But if he recognizes them for what they are, just a passing thought and not a fact that needs to be acted on, they gradually go away.Learning to live with anxiety is an individual process and one that requir

39、es trial and error to get just right. While acceptance is the first and most important step to take, some lifestyle changes have been proven to take the edge off as well. Since tiredness, increased tension and stress leave us much easier to fall into anxiety, a well-balanced diet, sufficient rest an

40、d, especially, regular exercise can help us manage it better.12. What may Dr Joel Minden agree about anxiety?A. It goes hand in hand with joy. B. It should be seriously taken.C. It is easily-earned experience. D. It is often improperly treated.13. What can explain the underlined word banish” in Para

41、graph 2?A. Recognize. B. Focus. C. Hide.D. Eliminate.14. Why does the author mention John Bateman in Paragraph 3?A. To define. B. To inform.C. To illustrate. D. To educate.15. What is advised to deal with anxiety in the last part?A. Concentrating on the process. B. Making lifestyle adjustments.C. Av

42、oiding exposure to pressure. D. Learning to get things in place.【答案】12. D 13. D 14. C 15. B【导语】本文为一篇说明文。临床心理学家认为焦虑经常被不恰当的处理，如果你接受焦虑是生活的一部 分，你就可以学会用自怜甚至幽默的方式来对待它。文章介绍了 ACT疗法以及应对焦虑的建议。12 .细节理解题。根据第一段第二句People often spend too much time and eftbrl trying to rid anxiety/ says Dr Joel Minden, a clinical p

43、sychologist. 41 encourage them to remember that anxiety is a normal emotional response/ （临床心理学家Joel Minden医生说：，人们通常会花太多的时间和精力来摆脱焦虑。我鼓励他们记住，焦虑 是一种正常的情绪反应。）”可知，Joel Minden医生对焦虑的看法是它经常被不恰当的处理。故选D项。13 .词句猜测题。根据第二段“If you try to banish anxiety, all youre doing is putting it more at the forefront of your

44、mind. But if you accept anxiety as part of life, you can learn to relate to it with self-pity or even with humour. （如果你试图banish焦虑，你所做的只是把它放在你脑海中最重要的位置。但如果你接受焦虑是生活的一 部分，你可以学会把它与自怜甚至幽默联系起来。厂可知，后文提到接受焦虑”的情况，根据but可知， 上下文为转折关系，可知画线词所在句应表达处理焦虑的另一种情况，根据上文“People often spend too much （ime and effort trying

45、lo rid anxiety （人们经常花费太多的时间和精力试图摆脱焦虑）”可知，人们想摆脱 焦虑，这时就会当它当回事去处理，所以你所做的只是把它放在你脑海中最重要的位置。A.Recognize认 出,识别;B. Focus关注,聚焦；C. Hide隐藏；D.Eliminate剔除,根除。D项Eliminate与划线词意思相 近，故选D项。14 .推理判断题。根据第二段“ACT guides people to see their unpleasant emotions as just feelings and to accept that hardship is an indispensab

46、le part of life. Sufferers are encouraged （o begin a dialogue with anxious thoughts, examining （heir causes while also keeping in mind their personal goals and values. （ACT 引导人们把不愉快的情 绪看作只是感觉，并接受困难是生活不可缺少的一部分。我们鼓励患者与焦虑的想法展开对话，检查他们 焦虑的原因，同时记住他们的个人目标和价值观。）“可知，此处为ACT疗法的原理：第三段“This way of relating to an

47、xiety has been a powerful strategy for John Bateman, the 52-year-old host of the podcast Our Anxiety Stories. When negative thoughts arise, he acknowledges them but doesnt let them drive his decisions. Over the years, Bateman has noticed that if he submits to his thoughts, they dont go away but dram

48、atically increase. But if he recognizes （hem for what they are, just a passing thought and not a fact that needs to be acted on, ihey gradually go away.（对播客，我们的焦虑故事，的主持人，52岁的约翰贝特曼来说，这种与焦虑相关 的方式一直是一种强有力的策略。当消极的想法出现时，他承认它们，但不让它们驱动他的决定。多年来， 贝特曼注意到，如果他顺从自己的想法，这些想法非但不会消失，反而会急剧增加。但如果他认识到它们 的本质，它们只是一个短暂的想法

49、，而不是需要采取行动的事实，它们就会逐渐消失。）”可知，ihis way 指代上文的ACT疗法,John Bateman是“患者”之一，该段后文详细讲述了他是怎样成功运用ACT疗法的， 由此可推知，通过提及Bateman这个成功案例来阐明（illustrate） ACT疗法是-一个强有力的干预焦虑的策 略。故选C项。15 .推理判断题。根据最后一段中“While acceptance is the first and most important step to take, some lifestyle changes have been proven to take the edge off as well. Since tiredness, increased tension and stress leave us much easier t