备考2023年高考二轮复习英语测试专题 14阅读理解：主旨大意题 -- (解析版).docx

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1、专题14阅读理解：主旨大意题备考2023年高考英语二轮复习讲练测-测（解析版）时间：60分钟名校最新模拟试题主旨大意题（共20小题）1.（2022年8月浙江省“山水联盟”高三联考）You really should ask the question: will my donation to this charity actually help the people or cause? Sometimes it makes matters worse. For example, many charities help African people install water pumps to d

2、eliver clean water to their communities. Money has been invested over the past 20 years to install a total of 60, 000 pumps across sub-Saharan Africa. However, today 40% of those have failed to work at some point. They have been left there, like expensive but useless decorations.Ultimately, to whom

3、and how much you give is your choice. It is important to provide highly specialized services instead of material goods. As a general rule of thumb, the more your donation matches the need of the receivers, the better it will be for the long-term prosperity of those you want to help.15. Which is the

4、best title fbr the passage?A. Has your donation hit a dead end?B. Why should you make a donation?C. Where does my donation take its way?D. Will my donation to charity really help?【答案】D【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段You really should ask the question: will my donation to this charity actually help the people or caus

5、e?”（你真的应该问这样一个问题：我对这个慈善机构的捐赠真的能够帮助人们或者事 业吗？）和最后段“As a general rule of thumb, the more your donation matches the need of the receivers, the better it will be for the long-term prosperity of those you want to help.”（根据一般的经验法则,你的捐赠越符合 接受者的需要，对你想帮助的人的长期繁荣就越有利。）可知，作者在这篇文章里主要讨论的是慈善捐助应 该切实符合被捐赠者的需要才算是真正有帮助

6、的捐助。D选项“我的捐款真的有用吗？ ”和文章意思一致。 故选Do2 .（河南省名校联盟2022-2023学年高二上学期开学考英语试题）A blind Chinese climber reached the summit （顶点）of Qomolangma, known in the West as Mount Everest, on Monday morning, becoming the first blind person from Asia ever to conquer the worlds highest summit.Zhang Hong, 46, reached the top

7、 from the Nepali side, along with three high-altitude guides.Zhang, who was bom in Chongqing, lost his sight at the age of 21. He now works at Fukang Hospital Affiliated with Tibet University in Lhasa. As Zhang began his climb of Qomolangma, which is 8,848. 86 meters above sea level, his colleagues

8、in Lhasa were excited to hear the news of his success.“Many people may have doubted his attempt of climbing at first, but I was confident in him from the beginning J said Kyila, the secretary of the Fukang Angel Foundation, who also is a blind person. I knew beforeA. the harm arrogance does to us B.

9、 the key elements to a fulfilling life C. the significance of intellectual humility D. the way people access information online 【答案】c【解析】主旨大意题。分析文章可知，文章主要讲述了理解的谦逊的重要性。理智谦逊的人不会隐藏或忽 视自己的弱点，他们把这视为个人发展的源泉，并把争论当作完善自己观点的机会。结合选项，故选C。 12. （2022学年第一学期浙江省七彩阳光新高考研究联盟返校联考）I had passed the higher secondary exami

10、nation when I had to give up further studies. I had to be earning something to help the family budget. One day a letter came to me from an office fbr an interview. I was both happy and nervous; I was the only teen.It was my first interview, and I know it would not be the last. So I was not very much

11、 excited. On the contrary, I felt easy that I had gone through it and got some experience. But I did get the job all right. And here I am writing this essay on leave from office, sitting fbr my first university examination.3 . What can be the best title fbr this passage?A. My first job.B. My poor fa

12、mily.C. My work experiences.D. My first interview.【答案】D【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“One day a letter came to me from an office for an interview.（有一天， 我收到一封来自一个办公室的面试邀请信。）“；最后一段It was my first interview, and I know it would not be the last.（这是我第一次面试，我知道这不会是最后一次。）”以及通读全文可知，本文主要叙述作者第一次 工作面试的经历。故选D项。13. （2022-2023

13、北京高考第零次英语模拟试题）As 17-year-old Norwood drove through St. Petersburg, Florida, last February, the laughter and chatter from the four teenage girls inside her car quickly gave way to screams. As they approached a crossroad, another car T-boned them, sending their black car sailing into the yard of a nea

14、rby house, coming to a stop only when it crashed into a tree.As smoke rose from the other car, a bystander shouted, “Its about to blow up! Get out!” .The impact had caved in Norwoods drivers side doorjamming it shut. Shaken, but still OK, she crawled out through the window. Along with two of her fri

15、ends, whod also managed to free themselves, she ran for her life.But halfway down the street, she realized that her best friend, Simmons, wasnt with them. Norwood ran back to the seriously damaged car and found Simmons lying in the back seat. She wasnt moving J Norwood told the reporter. She threw o

16、pen the back door and pulled her friend out, avoiding the broken glass as best she could. She dragged Simmons a few feet to safety and laid her on the ground. I checked her pulse，” Nothing. I put my head against her chest. No sign of life. t6Thafs when I started CPR.”If the accident had happened a f

17、ew weeks earlier, she might not have known what to do. But Norwood, who wants to pursue a career in medicine, had earned her CPR certificate just the day before. Kneeling on the lawn and looking down at her dying friend, Norwood knew she had precious little time to practice what shed learned.She sta

18、rted pressing Simmonss chest with her crossed fingers and breathing into her friends mouth in hopes of filling her lungs with the kiss of life. No response. And then, after the 30th press, Simmons began coughing and gasping for air. The CPR had worked!Soon, an ambulance arrived and rushed Simmons to

19、 the hospital, where she received stitches（缝合）for a wound in her forehead. And then she heard how her best friend had saved her life. I wasnt shocked J said Simmons. She will always help any way she can.26. Whats the best title of the passage?A. Pursuit of dreamB. Breath of lifeC. Recovery from inju

20、ryD. Loss of memory【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“She started pressing Simmonss chest with her crossed fingers and breathing into her friends mouth in hopes of filling her lungs with the kiss of她开始用交叉的手指按压西蒙斯的胸部，向她朋友的嘴里呼吸，希望能让生命之吻充满她的肺部。广及全文可知，文章主要讲述的是 Norwood在遭遇车祸后，冒着汽车爆炸的危险救出自己的朋友，当发现朋友没有气息时，她又用自己的急 救知识为朋

21、友施行心肺复苏术，成功救了自己的朋友。所以朋友重新恢复气息时，象征着朋友活了下来。 所以“Breath of life（生命的呼吸厂作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。14.（北京交通大学附中2023届高三开学英语诊断练习）Alexis, 17, sat quietly in the passenger seat of her dads car. She let her eyes lazily scan the landscape for wildlife. Then a deer came into view about 200 yards in front of them. Dad, there

22、5s a deer there!” Alexis said. It was a male deer with sharp antlers （角）on each side of its head.As the car moved closer, Alexis saw that the deers head was bent toward the ground. Then she heard a scream and saw an arm fly up near the deers head. Alexis realized the deer was attacking a woman. Sue,

23、 a 44-year-old mother, had been out fbr her morning run. The deer followed her and edged closer. I knew I was in trouble J Sue says. She went to pick up a stick fbr self-defense, and the deer charged. It lifted her with its antlers and threw her into the air. Sue could feel blood flew down her leg.W

24、ithin seconds, the deer had pushed her off the road. When Alexis and her father pulled up, the deer was throwing Sue like a doll. Alexis looked into the womans terrified eyes, and before her father had even stopped the car, the teenager jumped quickly out of the car and ran toward the deer.“I was ki

25、cking it to get its attention/9 she says. Then her father, who had followed his daughter, pushed the deer away from the women.Alexis helped Sue into the car, and then applied a piece of cloth to Sues injured leg. Were going to get you to a hospital/9 Alexis said. Then she heard her father shout loud

26、ly. He had been knocked to the ground. Alexis took hold of a hammer from the car and ran to where her father lay on his back. She beat the deers head and neck, but the blows didnt scare it away. I was losing faith,“ she says. A couple more strikes, Alexis,“ said her father. “You can do it. Turning t

27、he hammer around, Alexis closed her eyes and beat the deers neck with all her strength. When she opened her eyes, the deer was running away. Alexis got in the drivers seat and sped toward the nearest hospital.After Sue was treated, she tearfully thanked her rescuers. You expect a teenage girl to get

28、 on the phone and call for help,“ she says, “not to beat up a deer. 26. What is the best title for the passage?A A Woman Was Seriously InjuredB. A Girl Saved Her Father SuccessfullyC. A Dangerous Deer Attacked a WomanD. A Teenager Rescued Others from a Deer Attack【答案】D【解析】主旨大意题。这篇文章的主要讲的是17岁的亚历克斯先是和

29、父亲一起救了被一只鹿袭击的苏， 然后，当那只鹿袭击她的父亲时,，她又用锤子把那只鹿赶走，救了她的父亲。所以用D项“A Teenager Rescued Others from a Deer Attack”作为本文的标题符合题意。故选D项。15.（2022届东北三省四市教研联合体高考模拟）Pianist Jean-Francois Maljean has released a piano piece to commemorate （纪念）the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, which kicked off with a grand opening ceremony

30、 held at the National Stadium on Feb 4. Titled for Beijing Olympics, the piano piece, which is about 3 minutes, was asked by the Chinese embassy in Belgium, with the aim of celebrating Chinese New Year and to welcome the Winter Olympics. He also wrote a song to support Wuhan in its fight against COV

31、ID （新冠）-19 in 2020 and another song fbr Xian in December.4. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. Maljeans works about China. B. Maljeans experiences in China.C. Maljeans contribution to CO VID.D. Maljeans general introduction.【答案】A【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段关键句Pianist Jean-Francois Maljean has released a

32、 piano piece to commemorate 侈己念）the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, which kicked off with a grand opening ceremony held at the National Stadium on Feb 4 丁（钢琴家尚马龙发布了 一首钢琴曲，以纪念2022年北京冬奥会。2月4日, 冬奥会在国家体育场举行了盛大的开幕式。）和“He also wrote a song to support Wuhan in its fight against COVID （新冠）-19 in 2020 and anot

33、her song for Xian in December.（他还在 2020 年为支持武汉抗击新冠肺炎 写了一首歌，并于12月为西安写了另一首歌。）可知，本段内容主要介绍了钢琴家尚马龙关于中国的音乐 作品，包括为纪念2022年北京冬奥会发布的一首钢琴曲和为支持武汉抗击新冠肺炎写的歌曲等，由此可 知，第一段主要讲的是尚马龙关于中国的作品。故选A项。16. （2023届江苏省南京市第一中学高三第一次模拟考试英语试题）The microrollers are round and made from glass microparticles. One half of the robot was co

34、ated with a thin magnetic nanofilm （磁性纳米膜）made from nickel and gold. The other half was coated with the cancer drug doxorubicin as well as molecules that recognize cancer cells.29. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the microrollers?A. Their shape. B. Their advantage. C. Their design. D. The

35、ir application.【答案】C【解析】主旨大意题。第二段The microrollers are round and made from glass microparticles. One half of the robot was coated with a thin magnetic nanofilm made from nickel and gold. The other half was coated with the cancer drug doxorubicin as well as molecules that recognize cancer cells.” （mic

36、roroller 是圆形的， 由玻璃微粒 制成。机器人的一半表面覆盖着一层由银和金制成的磁性纳米薄膜。另一半涂有抗癌药物阿霉素以及识别 癌细胞的分子）可知，第二段主要介绍了这种微型机器人的形状，构成材料等，即小型机器人microroller” 的设计。故选C项。17. （2023届粤湘鄂名校联盟高三上学期第一次联考英语试题）However, Central California kelp ecosystems have done somewhat better than those in Northern California. A new study led by Joshua Smith,

37、 an ecologist at the University of California, examines the role sea otter （海獭） populations - a natural predator fbr urchins - play in preserving existing kelp forests in the Monterey Bay.A. Which of the following is a suitable title fbr the text? A. Sea Otters to the RescueB. Marine Species in Dang

38、erC. Urchins Are Destroying Kelp ForestsD. Otters Increase Kelp Forests9 Carbon Storage【答案】A【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“A new study led by Joshua Smith, an ecologist at the University of California, examines the role sea otter populations a natural predator fbr urchins play in preserving existing kelp forests

39、 in the Monterey Bay.（加州大学的生态学家约书亚史密斯领导的一项新研究调查了海獭种群 海胆的天然捕食者在保护蒙特雷湾现有的海草林所起的作用。户可知，本文主要是介绍海獭捕食 海胆，从而让现存的海草林得到保护。故选A。18. （2023届浙江省杭州第二中学新高三上学期适应性测试英语试题）Official Ticketing ServiceWelcome to the official Louvre online sales siteThe Musee du Louvre is reopening and we are glad to be able to welcome you

40、 back again. In line with the measures taken to prevent the spread of COVID-19, visitors will be required to wear a mask. According to government recommendations, all visitors to the Louvre aged 12 years1. This passage mainly aims at.A. introducing the exhibits at the Louvre B providing ticketing in

41、fbnnation of the LouvreC. listing restrictions on admission to the Louvre D. clarifying the history of the Louvre【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。根据标题“Official Ticketing Service”（官方门票服务）可知，下文主要讲的是关于罗 浮宫的门票信息，故选B。19.（北京市第八十中学2022-2023学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题）Our blaming of businesses also ignores the ultimate responsibility o

42、f the public for creating the conditions that let a business profit through destructive environmental policies. In the long run, it is the public, either directly or through its politicians, that has the power to make such destructive policies unprofitable and illegal, and to make sustainable enviro

43、nmental policies profitable.The public can do that by accusing businesses of harming them. The public may also make their opinion felt by choosing to buy sustainably harvested products; by preferring their governments to award valuable contracts to businesses with a good environmental track record;

44、and by pressing their governments to pass and enforce laws and regulations requiring good environmental practices.27. The main idea of Paragraph 3 is that environmental damage.A. is the result of ignorance of the publicB requires political action if it is to be stoppedC. can be prevented by the acti

45、on of ordinary peopleD. can only be stopped by educating business leaders【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。由第三段“Our blaming of businesses also ignores the ultimate responsibility of the public fbr creating the conditions that let a business profit through destructive environmental policies. In the long run, it is the

46、public, either directly or through its politicians, that has the power to make such destructive policies unprofitable and illegal, and to make sustainable environmental policies profitable.（我们对企业的指责也忽视了 公众的最终责任，是他们创造出相应的条件，让企业可以通过破坏环境的政策来赚取利润。长期来看，无 论是直接参与也好，通过政客也好，只有公众才有权力让这些破坏性的政策变得无利可图或者违背法律， 让可持

47、续的环保政策能够盈利）”可知，公众能创造相应条件让企业通过破坏环境的政策来赚取利润，公众 也可以通过行动让企业从破坏环境的政策变得无利可图，概括可知第三段的主要思想是环境破坏可以通过 普通人的行动来预防。故选C项。20.（甘肃省武威市凉州区部分校联考2022-2023学年高三上学期第二次诊断）Governments have tried to solve the elephanfs problem in two ways. Some countries, such as Kenya and Uganda, have made it illegal to kill elephants and s

48、ell their ivory. Yet these laws have been hard to put into effect, and elephant populations have continued to dwindle. By contrast, other countries, such as Malawi and Namibia, have made elephants private goods and allowed people to kill elephants, but only those on their own property.10. What is pa

49、ragraph 4 mainly about?A. Bans on killing elephants for ivoryB Effective laws fbr elephant protection.C. Methods of making elephants private goodsD. Government policies on the elephants problem【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。根据第四段中Governments have tried to solve the elephants problem in two ways. Some countries, such as Kenya and