英语八年级下Unit3--【教学参考】.docx

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1、Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?教学目标：1语言目标：谈论做家务的词汇，及如何有礼貌的提出要求。2技能目标：能听懂和谈论做家务的话题；能写出重点单词和重点句型。3情感目标：培养学生爱劳动，分享家务的能力。教学重点短语：do the dishes, make the bed, take out the rubbish, fold the clothes, sweep the floor, clean the living room句子：1. Could you please take out the rubbish?, Sure. / Sorry,

2、 I cant I have to finish homework first.2. Could I use your computer?Sorry. Fm going to work on it now.3. Well, could I watch TV?Yes, you can. But first you have to clean your room.教学难点：Make polite requestsAsk for permission课时划分：Period 1 Section A la - 2dPeriod 2 Section A 3a-3cPeriod 3 Section A Gr

3、ammar focus-4cPeriod 4 Section B 1 a-2ePeriod 5 Section B 3a-Self checkSection Al (la - 2d)Step 1 Warming-upSing the song and dance to the musicStep 2 PresentationWatch the photos and talk about them “What does he do every day? and learnb. Hmm. How much do you need?c. Yes, sure. No problem. I finish

4、ed reading it last night.d. Yes, but dont come back too late.e. No, I cant. I cut my finger and Pm trying not to get it wet.Note：borrow 和 lendborrow和lend都有“借”的意思，但它们的含义和用法有所不同。 borrow表示“借入”,即把本来不属于自己的东西借来暂时使用，常与介词from 连用。如：You can borrow a book from the library. lend表示“借出”，即把属于自己的东西借给别人暂时使用，常与介词to连用

5、， 也可以跟双宾语。如：Hes going to lend his b汰e to Tom.You mustnt lend others my pen.4b Fill in the blanks in the conversation.A: I hate to chores.B: Well, I hate some chores too, but I like other chores.A: Really? Great!I ask you to me with some chores then?B: What do you need help with?A:you please my cloth

6、es for me?C: I dont want to do that! Its boring!A: OK. Then you do the dishes for me?B: Sure, no problem. But we go to the movies after that?A: Sure. Ill finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. Then we can go to the movies.Step 5 DiscussionIf we are having a camping trip, what should w

7、e do before the trip?Step 6 HomeworkWrite a letter to your friend to ask him/her to take care of your house when you are on vacation.Section B 1 (la-2e)Step 1 Revision单项选择。1. Could you please take care of my dog?-. Im too busy.A. Yes, you canB. SureC. Sorry, I cant Could you please his bed?-Certainl

8、y!A. makes B. making C. make- Could I use your car?A. Sure, you canB. Sorry, you canC. Sure, I canCould you help?A. making the bedB. make the bedC. made the bedStep 2 DiscussionQI: Do you help your parents do the chores at home?Q2: Do you ask your parents permission fbr?Q3: Do your parents ask you t

9、o do some things for them?Give some pictures and answer the following questions.What do your parents ask you to do?What do you ask your parents permission for?Step 3Finish la. What do teenagers ask their parents permission for? What do parents ask their teenagers to do? Write parents or teenagers ne

10、xt to each phrase.1. buy some drinks and snacks 2. borrow some money 3. clean your roominvite my friends to a party5. go to the store 6.use your CD player 7.take out the rubbish 8.make your bedStep 4Finish lb. Use the phrases in la to make conversations.Step 5 Pair work1. Parents: Could you please.?

11、Child: Yes, sure. / Sorry, I cant I have to .2. Child: Couldl.?Parents: Yes, you can. / No, you cant. You .Step 6 ListeningFinish 1c. Listen to a conversation between Sandy and her mom. Check (Y ) the things in 1 a that you hear.1. buy some drinks and snacks2. borrow some money3. clean your room4. i

12、nvite my friends to a party5. go to the store6. use your CD player7. take out the rubbish8. make your bedFinish Id. Listen again. Fill in the chart.What are they going to do?Sandys momSandyinvite her friendsSandy and DaveStep 7 Finish le.You are having a party. Invite your partner to come your party

13、 and ask for help with these things. So, talk about the following things with your partner.e.g. A: Would like to come to my birthday party?B: Yes, rd love to./Sorry, I cant I have to.A: Could you please take out the rubbish?B: Yes, sure./No, I cant. I have to do.Step 8 Reading1. Warming up2a. Discus

14、s the questions with your partnerWhat do you often do to help your parents at home?1) Do you think kids should help out with chores at home?2. New wordsstressn.精神压力；心理负担wasten.浪费；垃圾 v.浪费；滥用depend v.依靠；依赖develop v.发展；壮大fairness几公正性；合理性since conj.因为；既然prep., conj. & adv. 从以后； 自以来neighbor(= neighbour)

15、n.邻居drop v.落下；掉下3. Skimming2b. The Sunday Mail magazine invited parents to write about whether they think young people should do chores at home. Skim the following letters. Which one agrees and which one disagrees?了解阅读策略：Skimming意为“快速掠过，从中提取最容易取得的精华”。这种读法包含有原 词的所有意思快速读过去，取出读物中关键性的东西。因此，我们可以 把这种读法理解为

16、快速浏览课文，领会文章大意。一般而言，通过标题可知 道文章的主题。对文章的首段和末段要多加注意，以便发现作者的观点。Answer the questions.1) What is Ms. Millers opinion?2) What is Mr. Smiths opinion?4. Reading2c. According to Mr. Smith and Ms. Miller, what are the pros and cons about kids doing choresRead the letters again and finish the following tasks.L完成

17、句子，每空词数不限。1. Ms. Miller thinks children should spend their time on schoolwork in order to _It is the parents9 job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home fortheir children.此处代词it仅为形式上的主语，真正的主语是to provide . for their childreno 我们也可将It is ones job (duty, .) to do something .视为一个固定的句型，表

18、示“做某事是某人的工作(职责等)如：Its every teachers job to explain things clearly to the students.把东西给学生讲明白是每一位老师应做的事情。provide作动词，意为“提供；供应”。provide sb. with sth.或 provide sth. forsb.意为“为某人提供某物”。如：The movie theater provides us with good service.电影院为我们提供了良好的服务。His school provided a house for him.他的学校为他提供了一所房子。汉译英。他们

19、提供给他钱和衣服。They provided him with money and clothes.They provided money and clothes for him.1. And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult.anyway是一个副词，若位于句首，其后往往会有逗号将其与句子的其他内 容隔开。anyway在此句中的作用是追加评论，相当于汉语的“反正；仍然；依 然”。如：Sam didnt get the job, but hes not unhappy because it didnt pay well anyway

20、. 萨姆没有得到那份工作，但他并没有闷闷不乐，反正薪酬也不算高。anyway还可用来表示“不管怎样；无论如何,之意。例如：Its just a cold. But anyway, you should still see the doctor.这只不过是感冒，但不管怎样，你还是应该看看医生。2. .he often fell ill and his grades dropped.ill & sick相同点ill与sick都可以表示“生病的L都可作表语。如：Alice was ill / sick yesterday.不同点表示“生病”时,sick可作定语,但in通常不作定语。如：Could y

21、ou help the sick girl?【运用】根据句意，用ill或sick填空。(1) The driver sent the baby to the hospital.(2) My brother is. I have to look after him at home.3. The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future.“the+比较级+,the+比较级+”是英语中一个常用的句型结构，表示 “越，就越如：The more he explained, the better we u

22、nderstood.他解释得越多，我们就理解得越透彻。Many people believe that the more a person reads, the wiser he will become. 很多人相信一个人书读得越多就会变得越聪明。Step 10 ExerciseL根据句意及所给首字母提示，补全句中所缺单词。1. He was i but nobody took him to the hospital.2. If you dont study hard, your grades will d.1.1 like Old Henry because he often p us wi

23、th hot water.4. We can d on him for help.5. Mother thinks playing computer games is a w of time.II.根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. He(develop) a farm from nothing.2. In fact, young people have too much(stress) today.3. He didnt mind(help) me with my English.4. Mr. Li and Mr. Wang are both my(neighbor).5. Wh

24、y did the man make the little boy(carry) water?Step 11 HomeworkAfter class, please make some new dialogues with the phrases in la.Section B 2 (3a一Self check)Step 1 RevisionDiscuss the questions with a partner. And take notes.Do you think children should do some chores at home?Why or why not?Children

25、 should do choresbecause.Children should not do choresbecause.Step 2 How to write a letterL信头：发信人地址和日期。这部分中有时可省去发信人地址，但一般要写日期。放在信纸的右上方。2 .称呼：对收信人的尊称。最普通的是Dear,但与Mr, Mrs, Miss等不同的是：Dear后一般用名 字，而Mr, Mrs, Miss后不能单独用名字，而只能是姓或姓与名，比如: 对 John Smith 的称呼，应该是 Mr Smith, Mr John Smith 或 Dear John.称 呼后面可用逗号或者冒号。

26、3 .信的正文。4 .结尾：发信人对收信人的谦称或敬语。放在信的右下方。这部分要特别注意英语习惯，不可根据汉语意思写上诸如“此致敬礼”、 “祝您健康”之类的中国式的结尾语。常用的英语书信结尾语如下： 写给同龄人或年长的朋友：Yours sincerely, Sincerely yours, Yours等 等。写给好朋友：Love, With love, Best wishes 等等。写给亲戚：Love, With love, Affectionately yours, Your (ever) loving son (sister 等等)。5 .签名。签名一般在结尾语的下面一行。6 .常见的私人

27、信件的开头方式：高兴：I was so glad/pleased/happy to receive your letter.感谢： Thank you for your wonderful gift / your interesting letter.关心与询问： How are you these days? / How are you getting on these days? / How are you getting on with your work/studies?抱歉：I am sorry that I did not write to you sooner but I hav

28、e been very busy these days.一般在表示道歉没有及时给对方写信时，还要简述原因或写上安慰的话。遗憾：I was sorry to learn that you did not do well in the examination. /1 was so upset to hear that you are ill these days. I do hope you are getting better.Step 3 WritingWrite a letter to the Sunday Mail and express your opinion.Dear Sir or

29、Madam,I think /believe that. I agree/disagree that.I think it is fair/unfair for children to.I think children should/should not because.For example, they should/should not because.Yours truly,Useful phrases.help with housework and chores at homehave enough stress from schoolspend the time on school

30、work in order to.There is no need for them to.It is important for sb. to do sth.Its not enough to.develop childrens independenceThe more., the more.Step 4 Self checkMake a list of chores using these verbs.1. do2. clean3. make4. fold5. sweep6. take outAnswers: do the dishes clean the living room make

31、 your bed fold your clothes sweep the floor take out the rubbish1. Are these polite requests or permissions? Write the numbers in the correct places in the chart.1. Could you please do your homework?2. Could I watch TV?3. Could you take out the rubbish first?4. Could I use your computer?5. Could I l

32、eave now?6. Could you come back before nine?RequestsPermissions2 4 51 3 6Step 5 HomeworkUse the questions in activity 2 to write a conversation.A:B:these phrases: do chores, do the dishes, make the bed, take out the rubbish, fold the clothes, do the laundry, clean the living room.2. Look these phras

33、es and practice the conversation: Could you please take out the rubbish? Sure. / Sorry, I cant I have to finish homework first.3. la Do you do these chores at home? Discuss them with your partner.Step 3 Listeninglb Listen. Who will do these chores? Check (d) Peters mother or Peter.ChoresPeters mothe

34、rPeterdo the dishessweep the floortake out the rubbishmake the bedfold the clothesclean the living roomStep 4 Practice1c Make conversations about the chores in la.Make conversations.ExamplesA: Could you please.?B: Yes, sure. /All right. /No problem./Certainly.Sorry, I cant I have to do.Sorry, I cant

35、 I am doing.Step 5 Listening 2a&2bPeter asks his father if he can do four things. What does his father say? Check (d)“yes” or “no”. Listen again. Draw lines to the reasons.Peter wants to.Peters father says.His father reasonsgo out for dinner.Yes NoI have to do some work.小数除法教材简介：本单元的主要内容有：小数除以整数、一个数

36、除以小数、商的近似值、循环 小数、用计算器探索规律、解决问题。教学目标1、使学生掌握小数除法的计算方法。2、使学生会用“四舍五入”法，结合实际情况用“进一”法和“去尾”法取商 的近似数，初步认识循环小数、有限小数和无限小数。3、使学生能借助计算器探索计算规律，能应用探索出的规律进行小数乘除法的 计算。4、使学生体会解决有关小数除法的简单实际问题，体会小数除法的应用价值。教学建议：1 .抓住新旧知识的连接点，为小数除法的学习架设认知桥梁。2 .联系数的含义进行算理指导，帮助学生掌握小数除法的计算方法。课时安排：本单元可安排11课时进行教学。第一课时 小数除以整数（一）商大于1教学内容：P16例1

37、、做一做，P19练习三第1、2题。教学目的：1、掌握比较容易的除数是整数的小数除法的计算方法，会用这种方法计算相应 的小数除法。2、培养学生的类推能力、发散思维能力、分析能力和抽象概括能力。3、体验所学知识与现实生活的联系，能应用所学知识解决生活中的简单问题， 从中获得价值体验。教学重点：理解并掌握小数除以整数的计算方法。教学难点：理解商的小数点要与被除数的小数点对齐的道理。教学过程：一、复习准备：计算下面各题并说一说整数除法的计算方法.224 + 4=4164-32=13804-15 =-N导入新课：情景图引入新课：同学们你们喜欢锻炼吗？经常锻炼对我们的身体有益，请看王 鹏就坚持每天晨跑，请

38、你根据图上信息提出一个数学问题？出示例1：王鹏坚持晨练。他计划4周跑步22. 4千米，平均每周应跑多少千米？教师：求平均每周应跑多少千米，怎样列式？ （22.4 + 4）观察这道算式和前面学习的除法相比有什么不同？板书课题：“小数除以整数”。三.教学新课：教师：想一想，被除数是小数该怎么除呢？小组讨论。分组交流讨论情况： （1）生：22. 4 千米=22400 米22400 + 4=5600 米5600 米=5. 6 千米（2）还可以列竖式计算。教师：请同学们试着用竖式计算。计算完后，交流自己计算的方法。教师：请学生将自己计算的竖式在视频展示台上展示出来，具体说说你是怎样算 的？追问：24表示

39、什么？商的小数点位置与被除数小数点的位置有什么关系？引导学生理解后回答“因为在除法算式里，除到被除数的哪一位，商就写在哪一 位上面，也就是说，被除数和商的相同数位是对齐了的，只有把小数点对齐了， 相同数位才对齐了，所以商的小数点要对着被除数的小数点对齐”.问：和前面准备题中的224除以4相比,224除以4和它有哪些相同的地方?有哪 些不同的地方？怎样计算小数除以整数？（按整数除法的方法除，计算时商的小数点要和 被除数的小数点对齐）教师：同学们赞同这种说法吗？（赞同）老师也赞同他的分析.教师：大家会用这种方法计算吗？（会）请同学们用这种方法算一算.四、巩固练习完成“做一做”：25.24-634.

40、54-15五、课堂作业：练习三的第1、2题课后反思：学生们在前一天的预习后共提出四个问题：1,被除数是小数的除法怎样计算？（熊佳豪）2,为什么在计算时先要扩大，最后又要将结果缩小？（郑扬）3,小数除以整数怎样确定小数点的位置？（梅家顺）4,为什么小数点要打在被除数小数点的上面？特别是第4个问题很有深度，有研究的价值.在这四个问题的带动下，学生们一直精神饱满地投入到学习的全过程，教学效果相当好.第二课时小数除以整数（二）商小于1教学内容：P17例2、例3、做一做，P18例4、做一做，P1920练习三第3一11 题。教学目的：1、使学生学会除数是整数的小数除法的计算方法，进一步理解除数是整数的小

41、数除法的意义。2、使学生知道被除数比除数小时，不够商1,要先在商的个位上写0占位；理 解被除数末位有余数时，可以在余数后面添0继续除。3、理解除数是整数的小数除法的计算法则跟整数除法之间的关系，促进学习的 迁移。教学重点：能正确计算除数是整数的小数除法。教学难点：正确掌握小数除以整数商小于1时，计算中比较特殊的两种情况。教学过程：一、复习：教师出示复习题：（1） 22.4 + 4（2） 21.454-15教师先提问：“除数是整数的小数除法，计算时应注意什么？ ”然后让学生独立 完成。二、新课1、教学例2：上节课我们知道王鹏平均每周跑5.6千米，那他每天跑多少千米呢?这道题该如何列式？问：你为什

42、么要除以7,题目里并没有出现7？原来这个条件隐藏在题目中,我们要仔细读题才能发现.尝试用例1的方法进行计算，在计算的过程中遇到了什么问题？（被除数的整数部分比除数小）问：“被除数的整数部分比除数小，不够商1,那商几呢?为什么要商0?（在被除 数个位的上面，也就是商的个位上写“0”，用0来占位。）强调：点上小数点后接着算.请同学们试着做一做。2. 4/37. 2/9学生做完后，教师问：在什么情况下，小数除法中商的最高位是0?2、教学例3：先让学生根据题意列出算式，再让学生用竖式计算。当学生计算到12除6时， 教师提问：接下来怎么除？请同学们想一想。引导学生说出：12除6可以根据小数末尾添上0以后

43、小数大小不变的性质，在6 的右面添上0看成60个十分之一再除。请同学们自己动笔试试。在计算中遇到被除数的末尾仍有余数时该怎么办？在余数后面添0继续除的依据是什么？3、做教科书第17页的做一做。4、教学例4：想一想，前面几例小数除以整数是怎样计算的？在计算过程中应 注意什么？整数部分不够商1怎么办?如果有余数怎么办？引导学生总结小数除以整数的计算方法。（1）小数除以整数按照整数除法的方法 去除，（2）商的小数点要和被除数的小数点对齐，（3）整数部分不够除，商0,点上 小数点再除；（4）如果有余数，要添0再除。师：怎样验算上面的小数除法呢？（用乘法验算）自己试一试。5、P18 做一做。三、课堂小结

44、：1、说说除数是整数的小数除法的计算法则。2、被除数比除数小时，计算要注意什么？四、课堂作业：P19第4题，P20第8、11题。五、作业：P19第3、5、6题，P20第7、9、10题。课后小记：本课新增知识点多，难度较大，特别是例3应引导学生去思考其计算依据。 课堂中张子钊同学问到“为什么以往除法有余数时都是写商几余几，可今天却要 在小数点后面添0继续除呢？ ”这反映出新知与学生原有知识产生了认知冲突， 在此应帮助学生了解到知识的学习是分阶段的，逐步深入的。以往无法解决的问 题在经过若干年后就可以通过新的方法、手段、途径来解决，从而引导其构建正 确的知识体系。学生归纳综合能力的培养在高年段显得

45、尤为重要。虽然教材中并没有规范 的计算法则，但作为教师有必要让学生经历将计算方法归纳概括并通过语言表述 出来的过程，所以引导学生小结小数除法的计算法则，然后再由教师总结出规范 简洁的法则是必不可少的教学环节。作业应注意以下几方面错误：1、整数除以整数，商是小数的计算题，学生容易遗忘商的小数点。2、商中间有零的除法掌握情况不太好，需要及时弥补。对于极个别计算 确有困难的同学建议用低段带方格的作业本打草稿，这样便于他们检查是否除到 哪一位就将商写在那一位的上面。go to the movies.Yes _NoYou have to clean your roomstay out late.Yes

46、_NoI need to eat breakfast.get a ride.Yes _NoYou have a basketball game.Step 6 Practice2c Make conversations using the information in 2a and 2bA: Could I use your computer?B: Sorry. Im going to work on it now.A: Well, could I watch TV?B: Yes, you can. But first you have to clean your room?2d Role -p

47、lay the conversationStep 7 Language points and summary1. Tony, could you please help out with a few things?help out动词短语，表示在某人繁忙或遇到困难时“给予帮助help和out之间 还可以加入具体的“人”。e.g. He helped me out with my task.他帮我完成了任务。They helped (us) out with the clean-up.他们帮助我们做大扫除。2. Could I at least finish watching this show?at lea