冀教版初中英语八年级上册重点短语汇总.docx

《冀教版初中英语八年级上册重点短语汇总.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《冀教版初中英语八年级上册重点短语汇总.docx（36页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、冀教版初中英语八年级上册重点短语汇总第一单元1. advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事2. between. and在 和 .之间3. would like to do 等于 want to do 想要做某事4. write down写下记下5. go for walks 等于 go for a walk：去散步6. get out of bed 等于 get up 起床7. go ahead说吧，请吧8. think of想出/认为/考虑think about考虑/思考9. one. the other 一个 另一个 10. agree with sb.同意某人 agre

2、e to do 同意做11. It, s fun to do sth.做某事很有趣12. encourage sb to do sth：鼓励某人做某13. to one s surprise让某人感到惊奇地是，14. stop to do sth.停下来去做stop doing sth.停止做15. play the violin/piano 拉小提琴/弹钢琴16. two more questions等于 another two questions另两个问题17. be up to由而定18. be ready to do sth.等于 get ready to do sth.准备做某事19

3、. introduceto sb.把介绍给某人20. have been afor+一段时间成为有一段时间了等于like to go fishing喜欢去钓鱼9. What do you do with sth. ?How do you deal with sth?你怎样处理某物？10. glue sth. together把某物粘贴到一起11. join a club加入某组织（成为成员）take part in参加某活 动/体育项目12. be full of 等于 be filled with 充满/装满/挤满13. trade sth. with sb.与某人交换某物14. Its o

4、nes turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事了。15. go through the door 穿过门16. put sth. on its side 把某物侧放This side up!勿倒置!/这边向上！17. get/take sth. out of把某物从取出18. send sth. back to sb.把某物寄回给某人 write back to sb. 给某人回信19. be made of由制成的（能看出原材料）be made from由制成的（不能看出原材料）be made in+地点产 自于某地not anymore 等于 no more 不再19. not on

5、lybut also不但.而且.20. in your spare/free time在你的空闲时间里surf the Internet 上网21. take up开始做take good care of.等于 look after. well 好好照顾22. two photo shops 两家照相馆two women teachers 两个女教师stamp collection集邮/收集的邮票collect stamps 收集邮票a stamp collecting club 集邮俱乐部be alone （表语）独自一人;单独feel lonely （表语）觉得孤单/寂寞第八单元1. ma

6、ke friends with sb 与某人交朋友2. be different from 与.不同3. be nervous about对感到紧张4. because of+短语等于because+句子因为. . .；由于5. describe oneself 描述（某人）自己6. be supposed to do sth.应该做某事7. what s up?怎么了?8. make sense有道理，有意义9. seven and a half years 等于 seven years and a half 七 年半 one and a half weeks 等于 one week and

7、 a half一周半10. return to等于 go back to（返）回至卜return sth. to sb.等于 return sb. sth.等于 give sth. back to sb.把某物还给某人11. be far from离很远12. of course 等于 sure 等于 certainly 当然13. play against/for与进行比赛/效力于. 14. work hard at努力学习15. be talented at等于 be good at等于 do well in在 方面有专长16. be confident in/of.等于 have con

8、fidence in.对.有信心17. It s time for sb. to do sth.该某人做某事了。18. in front of 在（外部）的前面 in the front of 在（内部）的前部19. go to university/college 上大学20. make mistakes：犯错误21. help oneself to.随便吃/喝22. share sth with sb：与某人分享某事23. try to do尽力做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事24. give up （doing）放弃做.25. practice makes perfect 熟

9、能生巧26. dream of being.等于 dream to be 梦想成为.27. stong/weak points 优点/缺点28. continue doing sth.继续做某事29. learn from.向/从.学习30. in one s own way以某人自己的方式31. enjoy oneself 玩的开心32. teach oneself 等于 learn. by oneself 自学语法及重点1） leave的用法“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。When did you leave Shanghai?你什么时候离开上海的？1. leave for+地点”表

10、示“动身去某地”。Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。2. “leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地。Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?你为什么要离开上海去北京？2）情态动词should “应该”学会使用should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟 会”的意思，How should I know?我怎么知道？Why should you be so late today?你今天为什么来得这么晚？should有时表示应当做或发生的事，We s

11、hould help each other.我们应当互相帮助。我们在使用时要注意以下几点：1 .用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责 备晚辈。You should be here with clean hands.你应该把手洗干净了再来。2 .用于提出意见劝导别人。You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。3 .用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点 之一。We should arrive by supper time.我们在晚饭前就能到了。She should be h

12、ere any moment.她随时都可能来。3） What.?与 Which.?1. what与which都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅 用来询问职业。如：What is your father?你父亲是干什么的？该句相当于：What does your father do?What is your fathers job?Which指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。-Which is Peter?哪个是皮特？The boy behind Mary.玛丽背后的那个男孩。2. What.?是泛指，所指的事物没有范围的限制；而Which. .?是 特指，所指的事物有范围的限制。如：W

13、hat color do you like best?（所有颜色）你最喜爱什么颜色？Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow?（有特定 的范围）你最喜爱哪一种颜色？3. what与which后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如：Which pictures are from China?哪些图片来自中国？4）频度副词的位置.常见的频度副词有以下这些：always （总是，1直）usually （通常）often （常常，经常）sometimes （有时候）never （从不）.频度副词的位置：a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面

14、。David is often arrives late for school.大卫上学经常迟到。b.放在行为动词前。We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天经常在7： 10去上学。c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾，用来表示强调。Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike. 有时我步行回家，有时我骑自行车。1 . never放在句首时，主语、谓语动词要倒装。Never have I been there.我从没到过那儿。5）every day 与 everyday. every day作状语，

15、译为每一天”。We go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天7： 10去上学。I decide to read English every day.我决定每天读英语。1 . everyday作定语，译为“日常的”。She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。Whats your everyday activity?你的日常活动是什么？6)什么是助动词1.帮助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词 (Auxiliary Verb)。被协助的动词称作主要动词(Main Verb)。助动词自身

16、没有词义，不可单独使用，He doesn，t like English.他不喜欢英语。(doesnt是助动词，无词义；like是主要动词，有词义).助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用，可以用来：a.表示时态,例如：He is singing.他在唱歌。He has got married.他已结婚。b.表示语态，例如：He was sent to England.他被派往英国。c.构成疑问句,例如：Do you like college life?你喜欢大学生活吗？ Did you study English before you came here? 你来这儿之前学过英语吗？d.与否定副词not

17、合用，构成否定句，例如：I dont like him. 我不喜欢他。e.加强语气，例如: Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。He did know that.他的确知道那件事。2 .最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would）forget doing/to do 与 remember doing/to do1. forget to do忘记要去做某事。（未做）forget doing忘记做过 某事。（已做）The light in the office is still

18、 on. He forgot to turn it off. 办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。（没有做关灯的动作） He forgot turning the light off.他忘记他已经关了灯了。（已做过关灯的动作）Dont forget to come tomorrow.别忘了明天来。（to come动作未做）典型例题The light in the office is still on.Oh , I forgot. A. turning it offB.turn it offC.to turn it offD. having turned it off答案：Co由the light

19、is still on可知灯亮着，即关灯的动作 没有发生，因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth表示灯 已经关上了，而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。2. remember to do记得去做某事（未做）remember doing记得做过某事（已做）Remember to go to the post office after school.记着放学后去趟邮局。Dont you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗？8） It，s for sb.和 It，s of sb.l.for sb.常用于表示事

20、物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词， 如 easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible 等：Its very hard for him to study two languages.对他来说学两门外语是很 难的。2. of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感 情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish,righto Its very nice of you to help me.你来帮助我，你真是太好了。 3. for与of的辨别方法：用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的 形容词作表语，造

21、个句子。如果道理上通顺用。3不通则用for。 如：You are nice.（通顺，所以应用of）。He is hard.（人是困难 的，不通，因此应用for。）9）对两个句子的提问冀教英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势，现在 采取的作法是对一个句子进行自由提问。例如：句子：The boy in blue has three pens.提问：1. Who has three pens?2 .Which boy has three pens?3 .What does the boy in blue have?4 .How many pens does the boy in blue

22、 have?很显然，学生多了更多的回答角度，也体现了考试的灵活性句子：He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.提问：1. Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?2. Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?3. What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?4. With

23、 whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?5. What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?6. When does he usually go to the park with his friends?10) so such与不定冠词的使用so与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”。 如：He is so funny a boy.Jim has so big a house.1. such与不定冠词a、an连用

24、,结构为such+a/an+形容词+名词”。It is such a nice day.That was such an interesting story.11)使用-ing分词的几种情况.在进行时态中。He is watching TV in the room.They were dancing at nine o clock last night.1 .在there be结构中。如：There is a boy swimming in the river.2 .在 have fun/problems 结构中。We have fun learning English this term.T

25、hey had problems getting to the top of the mountain.3 .在介词后面。Thanks for helping me.21. a girl named Mary一个名叫玛丽的女孩see a movie 等于 see a film 等于 watch a movie 看电影22. get to know逐渐认识buy sb. sth.等于 buy sth. for sb.给某人买某物23. wear clothes 等于 be in clothes 穿着衣月艮 put on clothes 穿上衣服dress up打扮，装扮24. feel luck

26、y to do sth.做某事感到幸运have the pleasure of doing很高兴做25. make a deal达成协议invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事第二单元do well in 等于 be good at 在做得好1. have a cough 咳嗽be late for： .迟到2. have a math exan：进行一次数学考试notat all一点也不3. learn about：学会了解in two minutes两分钟后（将来时）4. too much sth.太多的某物（事）make sb. do sth.使某人做某事5. see s

27、b. do sth.看见某人做了某事see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事6. the best way to do sth.做某事的最佳方式lots of等于a lot of许多的Are you good at playing basketball.5.在以下结构中：enjoy doing sth乐于做某事finish doing sth完成做某事feel like doing sth 想要做某事stop doing sth停止做某事forget doing sth忘记做过某事go on doing sth继续做某事remember doing sth记得做过某事like d

28、oing sth喜欢做某事keep sb doing sth使某人一直做某事find sb doing sth发现某人做某事see/hear/watch sb doing sth看到/听到/观看某人做某事try doing sth试图做某事need doing sth需要做某事prefer doing sth宁愿做某事mind doing sth介意做某事practice doing sth 练习做某事be busy doing sth忙于做某事can t help doing sth禁不住做某事miss doing sth错过做某事12）英语中的“单数”1 .主语的第三人称单数形式，即可用“

29、he, she, it”代替的。he,she, it, my friend,his teacher,our classroom, Tom, Mary? s uncle.名词有单数名词和复数名词。如：man （单数）men （复数）banana （单数）bananas （复数）.动词有原形，第三人称单数形式，-ing分词，过去式，过去分词。gogoesgoingwentgoneworkworksworkingworkedworkedwatchwatcheswatchingwatchedwatched当主语为第三人称单数的时候，谓语动词必须用相应的第三人称单 数形式。The boy wants t

30、o be a sales assistant.Our English teacher is from the US.Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.13）名词的复数构成的几种形式名词复数的构成可分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。I名词复数的规则变化.一般在名词词尾加-s。如：pearpears hamburgerhamburgersdeskdeskstreetrees1 .以字母-s, -sh, -ch, -x结尾的名词,词尾加-es。class classes dishdisheswatch watches boxboxes2

31、.以字母-o结尾的某些名词，词尾加-es。如：potatopotatoes tomatotomatoesNegroNegroes heroheroes3 .以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词，将-y变为-i,再加-es。familyfamilies dictionarydictionariescitycities countrycountries4 .以字母-f或-fe结尾的名词，将V或-fe变为-v,再加-es。halfhalves leafleavesthiefthieves knifeknivesselfselves wife wiveslifelives wolf wolvesshelfshe

32、lves loafloaves但是:scarfscarves(fes)roofroofsserfserfs gulfgulfschiefchiefs proofproofsbeliefbeliefs n名词复数的不规则变化1 .将一oo改为一一eeo如:footfeet toothteeth.将一man改为-men。如：manmen womanwomenpolicemanpolicemen postmanpostmen2 .添加词尾。如：childchildren.单复数同形。如:sheepsheep deerdeerfishfish peoplepeople3 .表示“某国人”的单、复数变化

33、。即“中日瑞不变英法变，其它 国把-s加后面”。ChineseChinese JapaneseJapaneseSwissSwissEnglishmanEnglishmen FrenchmanFrenchmenAmericanAmericans AustralianAustraliansCanadianCanadians KoreanKoreansRussianRussians IndianIndians4 .其它。mousemiceapple treeapple treesman teachermen teachers14）双写最后一个字母的-ing分词初中阶段常见的有以下这些:L let-l

34、etting 让hit-hitting 打、撞cutf cutting 切、害！getf getting 取、得到sitf sitting 坐forgetforgetting 忘记putputting 放setf setting 设置babysit-babysitting临时受雇照顾婴儿shop-shopping 购物trip-stripping 绊stop-stopping 停止dropdropping 放弃traveltravel （1） ing 旅游swimswimming 游泳runf running 跑步digf digging 挖、掘beginbeginning 开始prefer-

35、preferring 宁愿plan-planning 计戈ll15）肯定句变否定句及疑问句要变化的一些词some 变为 any。如：There are some birds in the tree.f There aren t any birds in the tree.但是，若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中，some可以不变。Would you like some orange juice?与此相关的一些不定代词如something, somebody等也要进行相应 变化。1. and 变为 or。I have a knife and a ruler.一I dont have a knife o

36、r a ruler.2. a lot of （等于 lots of）变为 many 或 much。They have a lot of friends.（可数名词）They dont have many friends.There is lots of orange in the bottle.（不可数名词）f There isn t much orange in the bottle.3. already 变为 yet o 如：I have been there already.fI haven，t been there yet.16) in 与 afterin与after都可以表示时间，但

37、二者有所区别。1. in经常用于将来时的句子中，以现在为起点，表示将来一段时间。 如：He will leave for Beijing in a week.一周后他会动身去北京。2. after经常用于过去时的句子中，以过去为起点，表示过去一段 时间。如：He left for Beijing after a week.一周后他动身去了北京。不过，如果after后跟的是具体的时刻，它也可用于将来时。如：We will finish the work after ten oclock.十点后我们会完成工作的。3. 注意区分以下的in的用法。r 11 visit him in a week.一周

38、后我会去拜访他。I11 visit him twice in a week.一周内我会去拜访他两次。17)不定冠词a与an的使用La用在以辅音音素开头的单词前。如：There is abin the wordbook.单词book中有个字母bo类似的字母还有：b, c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z。She has a small knife.她有一把小刀。2 . an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。如：T1_11Ihere is an i in the word onion .单词onion中有个字母io类似的字母还有：a, e, f, h, i, 1,

39、m, n, o, r, s, x。Do you have an umbrella?你有一把雨伞吗？3 .以元音字母开头的单词前面不一定都用an；以辅音字母开头的单 词前面也不一定都用a。如：a useful booka universitya one-letter wordan houran unclean umbrellaan honest person18）如何表达英语中的“穿、戴” ？英语中表示“穿、戴”的表达方法有好几种，常见的有以下这些：1、put on主要表达“穿”的动作。He put on his coat.他穿上了他的外套。Youd better put on your sho

40、es.你最好穿上你的鞋子。2、wear主要表示“穿、戴”的状态。The old man wears a pair of glasses.老人戴着副眼镜。The girl is wearing a red skirt.那女孩穿着一条红色的短裙。3、dress可作及物动词，有“给穿衣”的意思，后接“人”，而不是“衣服”。Please dress the children right now.请立即给孩子们穿上衣服。 dress也可作不及物动词，表示衣着的习惯。The woman always dresses in green.那位妇女总是穿绿色的衣服。4、be in表示穿着的状态。如：John i

41、s in white today.约翰今天穿白色的衣服。The man in black is a football coach.19)a little, a few 与 a bit(of)a little, a few与a bit (of)都有“一些、少量”的意义。他们的 区别在哪里呢？1. a little意为“一些、少量”，后接不可数名词。如：There is a little water in the bottle.瓶子里有一点水。还可以接形容词。如：He is a little shy.他有些害羞。2. a few意为“一些、少数”，后接复数的可数名词。如：There are a f

42、ew people in the room.房间里有一些人。3. a bit意为“一点儿”，后接形容词。如：It，s a bit cold.有点冷。a bit of后接不可数名词。如：He has a bit of money,他有一点儿钱。4. a little 表肯定意义，little 表否定意义；a few 表肯定意义， few表否定意义。如:There is a little soda in the glass.杯子里有一点儿汽水。There is little soda in the glass.杯子里几乎没有汽水了。I have a few Chinese friends.我有一些

43、中国朋友。Few people like him.几乎没有人喜欢他。5. a little等于a bit of,后接不可数名词； a little等于a bit等于a little bit等于kind of,后接形容词， 意为“有点儿”。25） other及其用法Other 及其相近的词（组），如 others, the other, the others, another, any other等，一直是中学生朋友们比较困扰的问 题，平常的考试、作业中经常出错。下面是它们的一些用法：1、other指其余的人或物，所有格是others,复数形 式是others, the other指“两个人或物

44、中的另一个“，其复数形 式是the others, others相当于 式ther+名词”，所以不能充当 定语，修饰名词。others指整体中去掉一部分后剩余的部分，但不 是全部的，即 some. . . others （一些.其余的人.）。the others 强调整体中除去一部分后剩余的全部，即some. . the others.2、another泛指三个以上的不定数目中的“另外一个。由an和 other合并构成，所以不能和冠词连用。another修饰单数名词， 比如：another pencil.3、any other指除去本身以外的“任何其他的人或物”，后面要用 名词的单数形式。26

45、） look 短语常见的look短语有以下这些：1. look at 朝看Please look at the map of China.请看中国地图。（look at等于have a look at）look for 寻找The old man is looking for his dog.老人在寻找他的狗。2. look like看起来像Nancy looks like her mother.南希看起来像她母亲。3. look the same看上去样Li Ping and Li Jing look the same.李萍和李晶看上去一样。4. look up 查找Please look

46、up the word in the dictionary.请在词典中查找这个单词。5. look over仔细检查The doctor looked over Mary carefully.医生仔细检查了玛丽。6. look after照顾，照看You must look after your old father.你必须照顾你的老父亲。7. look around到处寻找、查看We looked around, but we found nothing strange.我们四处查看，但是我们没有发现奇怪的东西。27)too, also 与 eitherl.t。用于肯定句和疑问句，一般放在句尾，其前常加逗号。We are in the same school,too.我们也在相同的学校。Do you play soccer every day, too?13. help sb. with sth.等于 help sb. （to） do sth 帮助某人做某事turn off/on the light 关掉/打开灯turn down把调小turn up把调大half an hour 半小时 half past ten 十点半 a quarter 等于 fifteen minutes 一亥！J钟 a quarter to