2022年高三上学期期中模拟预测卷（北京卷）03-英语（解析版）.docx

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1、2022年高三上学期期中模拟预测卷03【北京卷】英语（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分） 注意事项：1、本试卷共II页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。2、考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。3、考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题L5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。In Thanks for What We HaveI sat nervously and waited for Kathleen to speak. Being ca

2、lled to the human resources department is a little like being called to the principals office. Annie J she said, A food bank in our town that serves the elderly is asking for 1. Id like you to organize the event and see it through.” “Well,um? errr.sure. I guess so. As I stuttered（结结巴巴士也说）through my

3、response , all I could think was, “What? Why me?”I walked back to my office without any idea as to where to 2, This was a time when theeconomy was fading. The rise in unemployment forced the families of many of my coworkers to3 to survive. How could I ask my coworkers for more?That evening I drove h

4、ome filled with negativity. Then I remembered a time long ago when my father was out of work. Mom wrote a note to Jim, the milkman, asking him not to deliver any more milk. Two days later Jim picked up the 4 and left four liters of milk. He wrote his own message on the back side of Moms. It read, Ki

5、ds need milk. The milk delivery continued as usual and Jim left four liters of milk every other day, never collecting a cent 5 us.The memory of Jims 6 fired my enthusiasm. Perhaps Id be in for a pleasant surprise.D. choose their career earlierC. obey the natural rules【答案】24. C 25. C 26. B 27. A【分析】这

6、是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了由于受到家人的影响，作者从小就对画画感兴趣，尽 管在四年级时遇到过令自己沮丧的事情，但作者没有放弃，最终进入了自己理想的艺术学校。24 .细节理解题。根据第一段关键句My oldest sister and my brother were artistic, and watching them draw fascinated me.可知，我姐姐和哥哥都很有艺术天赋，看他们画画让我着迷。由此可推断出， 作者对美术产生了兴趣是受家庭成员的影响。故选C项。25 .细节理解题。根据第五段关键句One of the only discouraging childhood ex

7、periences about my artwork happened in the fourth grade.”可知，关于我的艺术作品，唯一令人沮丧的童年经历发生在 四年级。再结合段落内容可知，作者在四年级时，由于在课上画画，被老师批评了。由此可知， 在四年级时，老师的行为让作者感到沮丧。故选C项。26 .推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句Until then my art was a private thing, but at art school I found a place where everyone as the kid who could draw.”可知，在去艺术学校之前，我的艺

8、术是私人的事 情，但在艺术学校，我找到了一个人人都是“会画画的孩子的地方。由此可推断出，作者去了艺 术学校读书，那里有很多擅长和喜欢画画的人，作者是进入了一个与之前不同的、新的艺术世界。 故选B项。27 .推理判断题。文章主要讲述了由于受到家人的影响，作者从小就对画画感兴趣，尽管在四年 级时遇到过令自己沮丧的事情，但作者没有放弃，最终进入了自己理想的艺术学校。根据最后一 段关键句In high school it actually sank in that I was going to be an artist. I already knew. Td always known.”可知，作者一直

9、都想成为一名画家并一直坚持这个梦想，由此可推断出，这个故事主要 是激励人们要坚持自己的梦想。故选A项。CMore People Are Leaving the Rat Race for the Simple LifeTime is more precious than money for an increasing number of people who are choosing to live more with less and liking it.Kay and Charles Giddens, two lawyers, sold their home to start a B&B h

10、otel. Four years later, the couple dishes out banana pancake breakfast, cleans toilets and serves homemade chocolate chip cookies to guests in a B&B hotel surrounded by trees on a hill known for colorful sunsets.Do I miss the freeways? Do I miss the traffic? Do I miss the stress? No,n says Ms. Gidde

11、ns. This is a phenomenon that*s fairly widespread. A lot of people are reevaluating their lives and figuring out what they want to do. If their base is being damaged, whats the payoff?Simple living ranges from cutting down on weeknight activities to sharing housing, living closer to work, avoiding s

12、hopping malls, borrowing books from the library instead of buying them, and taking a cut in pay to work at a more pleasurable job.Vicki Robin, a writer, lives on a budget equal to a fifth of what she used to make. nYou become conscious about where your money is going and how valuable it is J Ms. Rob

13、in says, You tend not to use things up. You cook at home rather than eat out.”Janet Luhrs, a lawyer, quit her job after giving birth and leaving her daughter with a nanny for two weeks. nIt was not the way I wanted to raise my kids, she says, Simplicity is not just about saving money: it*s about me

14、sitting down every night with my kids to a candlelit dinner with classical music.”Mrs. Luhrs now edits a magazine, Simple Living, which publishes tips on how to buy recycled furniture and shoes, organize potluck dinners instead of expensive receptions, and generally how to consume less.Its not about

15、 poverty/ Mrs. Luhrs explains, nItfs about conscious living and creating the life you want. The less stuff you buy, the less money goes out of the door, and the less money you have to earn/ 28. Kay and Charles Giddens sold their home to.A pay off the debtB.start a private hotelC.cut down expensesD.b

16、uy living necessities29. It can be learned from the passage that now Janet Luhrs.A.works as a reporterof a magazineB.has an interest in classicalmusicC.spends more time withher kidsD.helps people buy recycledclothes30. How does the author develop the passage?A.By using figures.B.By asking questions.

17、C. By giving examples.D. By making comparisons.【答案】28. B 29. C 30. C【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍越来越多的人摆脱激烈竞争的环境回归简单的生活，他们 重新审视生活的价值，希望过上自己喜欢的生活。28. 细节理解题。根据第二段中Kay and Charles Giddens, two lawyers, sold their home to start a B&B hotel.（律师Kay和Charles Giddens卖掉了自己的房子，开了一家B&B旅馆广可知，他们把房子卖 掉是为了经营自己的旅馆。故选B项。29. 细节理解

18、题。根据第六段中“It was not the way I wanted to raise my kids, , she says, Simplicity is not just about saving money: its about me sitting down every night with my kids to a can dlelit dinner with classical music.（这不是我想要的养育孩子的方式，她说，简单不仅仅是为了省钱：这意味 着我每天晚上和孩子们一起坐下来，享受古典音乐的烛光晚餐。可知，Janet Luhrs不工作是因 为想花更多的时间跟她的孩子

19、一起。故选C项。30. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍越来越多的人摆脱激烈竞争的环境回归简单的生活， 希望过上自己喜欢的生活，文中例举了 Kay和Charles Giddens夫妇、作家Vicki Robin和律师Janet Luhrs的选择来说明Simple Life这一理念，所以全文是通过举例的方式来展开的。故选C项。DWhy should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent b

20、enefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on in

21、to all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrou

22、nding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can lessen its effects.Exploration also allows minerals and other potential resources to be found. Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be usefu

23、l later. Resources may be more than physicalpossessions. Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already benefited from other spin-offs including improvements in earthqu

24、ake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non-stick pans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products （副产品）of technological developments in the space industry.While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creat

25、ive, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. The danger exists, but knowledge can help human being to survive. Without the ability to

26、reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.While Earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the

27、past and surely could in the future.31. Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph 1 ?A.To express his doubts.B.To compare different ideas.C.To describe the conditions on Earth.D.To introduce points for discussion.32. What is the reason for exploring space based on Paragraph!?A.Humans ha

28、ve the tendency to fight.B.Humans are nature-born to do so.C.Humans may find new sources of food.D.Humans don9t like to stay in the same place.33. What makes it possible for humans to live on other planets?A The adaptive ability of humans.B Resources on the earth.C. Our genetic makeup.D. By-products

29、 in space exploration.34. Which of the statements can best sum up the passage?A. Space exploration has created many wonders.B Space exploration provided the best value for money.C. Space exploration may help us avoid potential problems on Earth.D. Space exploration may benefit science and technology

30、.【答案】31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了人类对太空的探索，太空探索能使我们发现潜在能源，在 多方面帮助我们。31 .推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇议论文，议论文特点”提出问题，分析问题“，通过 “Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent

31、on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth?”（人类为什么要探索太空？为什么要把钱、时间和精力花 在探索和研究那些没有明显好处的东西上？为什么要把资源花在太空而不是地球上的条件和人 身上？）可知第一段提出一系列关于太空探索利弊的问题，是为了引发讨论，引出本文讨论的主 题。故选D项。32 .细节理解题。由第二段中的Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human beings.” （也许最好的答案在于我们人类的基因构成。）和“Perhaps the best r

32、eason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.（也许探索太空的最好原因是这种会在任何可能的地 方扩张的遗传倾向。）可知人类探索太空的原因在于人拥有会在任何可能的地方扩张的遗传倾向， 这是人的天性，人类天生就是这样做的。故选B项。33 .细节理解题。由最后一段中的“While Earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to li

33、ve on other planets.（虽然地球是已知唯一支持生命的 行星，但人类的适应能力肯定会让我们在其他星球上生活。）可知人类的适应能力使人类能够在 其他星球上生存。故选A项。34 .主旨大意题。由第三段首句“Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. （几乎每一个成功的文明都曾进 行过探索，因为通过这样做，周围地区的任何危险都可以被识别出来并做好准备

34、。）第四段首句 Exploration also allows minerals and other potential resources to be found.”（勘探还可以发现矿物和 其他潜在资源。）第五段首句While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve t。save us.（虽然很多资

35、源都花在了看似微不足道的回报上，但对太空的探索却让我们这个 物种中有创造力、勇敢和智慧的成员能够专注于那些可以拯救我们的事物上。）可知太空探索可以在很多方面帮助我们，寻找资源，避免潜在问题，C项“太空探索可以帮助我们避免地球上潜 在的问题“符合文意。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项 涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question: Sho

36、uld I jump?” This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. 35 Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.36 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself, your v

37、alues, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. Only then should you set your goals.You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in you

38、r work. 37 So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity（清晰）of thoughts can help you move forward.Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexibl

39、e. 38 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a pilot but cant become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 39 You should reassess your goals, and motivate

40、yourself to set a fresh goal.You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.A. This can affect your work.B So how should you moti

41、vate yourself?C. However, this should not discourage you.D. So why should we try to set specific goals?【答案】35. G 36. B 37. A 38. E 39. C【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了动机和目标的关系以及如何激发动机并设定切实可行的目 标。35 .上文说“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面”，下文说“就像孩子在跳水台，你会犹豫不决 该空承上启下，G选项“没有动力，你就既不能设定目标，也无法实现它”切题，故选G。36 .上一段阐述了动机和设定目标的关系，强调了动机的重要性，本队

42、进一步讲如何激励自己并 保持动力来实现目标。B选项“那么你应该如何激励自己呢？ ”承上启下，故选B。37 .上文说“有时候你的心不在工作上”，下文说“所以，减慢速度，想一想那时候，你到底想干什 么该空承上启下，A选项“这会影响你的工作”切题，故选A。38 .上文说“记得，目标是灵活的”。该空承接上文，E选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变”切题, 故选Eo.上文说“你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。”下文说 “你应该重新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标该空承上启下，C选项“然而，这不应该使 你气馁。”切题，故选C。第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题

43、；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Almost everybody in America will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart（购物手推 车）.They will, in a lifetime, push the chrome-plated contraptions many miles. But few will know-or even think to askwho it was that invented th

44、em.Sylvan N. Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937. At that time he was in the supermarket business. Every day he would see shoppers lugging（吃力地携带）groceries around in baskets they had to carry.One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make sho

45、pping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business.On June 4, 1937, Goldmans first carts were ready for use in his market. He was terribly excited on the morning of that day as customers began arriving. He couldnt wait to see them using his invention.But Goldman was disappo

46、inted. Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try.After a while, Goldman decided to ask customers why they werent using his carts. Dont you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket?” one shopper replied.But Goldman wasnt beaten yet. He knew h

47、is carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try. To this end, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony（假冒的）customers.As Goldman had hoped, th

48、e carts were soon attracting larger and larger numbers of customers to his market. But not only did more people comethose who came bought more. With larger, easier-to-handle baskets, customers unconsciously bought a greater number of items than before.Todays shopping carts are five times larger than

49、 Goldmans original model. Perhaps thafs one reason Americans today spend more than five times as much money on food each year as they did before 1937-before the coming of the shopping cart.39 . Why was Goldman disappointed at first?40 . Why did Goldman hire people to push carts around his market?41 . Please decide which part is fals