2022年托福听力常见题型解题思路讲解：结构题和态度题.docx

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1、托福听力常见题型解题思路讲解：结构题和态度题托福听力考试的题型是比较固定的，并不会突然冒出一些大家没见 过要求奇惊奇怪的特别题型。今日我给大家带来托福听力常见题型解 题思路讲解，盼望能够关心到大家，下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一 下吧。托福听力常见题型解题思路讲解：结构题和态度题结构题结构题是以录音材料的行文结构、绽开挨次作为考查内容的题型, 常见的提问方式有以下几种：What is the organization of this passage?How is the lecture organized?What method does the professor use to develop

2、 his idea?在实际考试中，结构题考得并不多，但是解答起来却令许多考生感 觉头疼。由于任何一篇录音材料都不会主动讲出“本文是一种怎样的 结构”，因此想从叙述人所说的内容中直接找到答案是很困难的。那 么想解答这种题目，考生就需要在复习时娴熟把握托福听力的录音材 料有哪几种常见结构，每种结构有什么特征。只有这样，在做题的时 候才能够做到有针对性地听题。态度题态度题是考查说话人对某话题所持的态度的题型。这种题型考查的 范围比较广泛，有些题目考查说话人对某人的态度，有些则考查说话 人对某大事的态度，还有的题目会考查说话人对某观点的态度。态度 题常见的提问方式如下：What is the prof

3、essor s attitude toward the expert on the television programme?在解态度题时，讲话人的语气和语调是一个特别重要的解题因素。 在录音中，假如说话人突然消失声音变大、语调降低或者说话重复、 结巴等现象，往往都从侧面表明白其对某一事物所持的态度。考生在 听到这样的句子时肯定要加以辨识。2022托福听力练习：大方的鱼类更喜爱追伴同样胆小的鱼When you think of a leader, you may think of an individual who is above all bold. But a new study of f

4、ish called sticklebacks shows that shy individuals actually prefer to follow fish that are similarly timid.Researchers had trios of sticklebacks with known personalities play follow the leader. The fish were placed in a tank that had some plastic plants at one end and some food hidden at the other.

5、In some of the groups, a bold fish and a shy fish acted as leaders, while another shy fish followed. And in other groups, it was a bold fish that did the following. The researchers recorded whether the follower sallied forth more frequently with the fish that was behaviorally similar or the one that

6、 was different.What they found is that shy fish were more likely to emerge from under cover when an equally wary fellow was already out there. Bold follower fish did not seem to care which leader they followed.Of course, no matter which fish a stickleback chose to stick with, the bold fish did lead

7、more expeditions over the course of the experiment than their more retiring friends. That s because the bold fish initiated more trips, regardless of who might be tailing them. The findings are in the journal Biology Letters.The researchers write that when offered a choice of leaders, sticklebacks p

8、refer to follow individuals whose personality matches their own, but bolder individuals may, nevertheless, be able to impose their leadership, even among shy followers, simply through greater effort. We may soon see if such tendencies also hold true in humans, when Americans decide who they 11 follo

9、w in November. Unless, of course, something fishy happens.你可能认为领导者通常都是特别大胆的个体。但是一项有关刺鱼的 新讨论表示，大方的鱼类更喜爱追伴同样胆小的鱼。讨论人员将已知性格的三只刺鱼分为一组，观看它们追随领导者的 状况。刺鱼被放在一个水箱里，水箱的一头有一些塑料植物，另一头 藏有一些食物。在有些组中，一只大胆的鱼和一只大方的鱼充当领导 者，而另一只大方的鱼则跟随它们。而在其他组中，跟随的却是一只 大胆的鱼。讨论人员记录了跟随者实行行动的频率，看它们是跟随行 为相像的鱼消失的次数更多，还是跟随性格相反的鱼出来的次数更多。讨论人员

10、得出的结论是，当同样谨慎的鱼消失时，大方的鱼更可能 从遮挡物中出来。大胆的跟随者好像并不在乎它们跟随的领导者是谁。当然了，在试验过程中，无论一只刺鱼选择跟随哪只鱼，大胆的鱼 领导的探险多于害羞的鱼。这是由于无论是谁在跟随，大胆的鱼发起 的探险更多。试验结果发表在生物学通讯上。讨论人员写道：“在可以选择领导者时，刺鱼更喜爱跟随在共性上 同自己相符的个体，但是即使在大方的鱼中间，较大胆的个体也能通 过加倍努力来施加它们的领导力。”我们很快就会看到这种趋向性是 否同样适用于人类，由于美国人将于今年11月打算他们要追随的人 选。除非发生可疑的事情。1. sally forth 英勇投入;例句：With

11、 these desperate speeches he sallied forth upon the desiegers.说完这些无望的话，他就朝围攻的人冲去。2. be likely to do sth.可能(做)的;有()倾向的;例句：The fires are likely to permanently deforest the land.这些火灾很可能会彻底毁掉这片土地上的森林。3. stick with紧跟；紧随；和呆在一起；例句：Tugging the womans arm, she pulled her to her side saying: You just stick wi

12、th me, dear.她拽着那个女人的胳膊，将她拉到自己身边说：“友爱的，你就跟我呆在一起。”4. regardless of不顾；不管；不论；例句：We will do it regardless of what might happen.不管状况怎样，我们决意这样做。5. hold true同样适用；例句：This law is known to hold true for galaxies at a distance of at least several billion light years.这个定律被普遍认为同样适用于至少数十亿光年之远的星系。2022托福听力练习：美国总统候选人

13、或因躲避问题受到指责This campaign season, theres been plenty of name calling and lots of accusations.David Clementson, a PhD candidate at The Ohio State University, has been keeping tabs.I mean there was one debate where Rubio and Cruz were just all over Trump, accusing him of dodging questions.But that doesn

14、t answer the question.He didnt answer-You have yet to answer a single serious question about any of this.Clementson wanted to see if claims of question dodging actually held up, historically一not necessarily in the unique case of Trump.So Clementson analyzed the transcripts of 14 presidential debates

15、, from 1996 to 2022.Overall, he found 51 accusations of question dodging-26 by Dems, 25 by Republicans.A third of the time, the accused candidate did in fact go off-topic.But in every single case, the accused candidate still mentioned the question topic.Meaning that most of the time, he says, candid

16、ates are unfairly accused of question-dodging.The results are in the Journal of Language and Social Psychology.Clementsons advice for the next debate?Just because a politician of your partisan affiliation or your party ID is telling you that the other guy cant be believed, doesnt necessarily mean th

17、at that politician is accurately detecting deception.In other words, dont trustem.Because the politician doing the accusing may be the one telling lies.Lying Tedhes a liar.美国总统大选正绽开激烈争夺，而其中却充斥着诸多谩骂及指责。美国俄亥俄州立高校的博士生大卫克莱门森，始终在从事这方面 的讨论。“我指的是卢比奥和克鲁兹曾一度指责特朗普的躲避问题。”“但那并不是回答问题。”“他没回应”美国总统大选.jpg“你还没有回答这个特别

18、严厉 的问题”。克莱门森想要看看躲避问题的主见是否真的会变成对手发难的软 肋，过往历史显示在特朗普的这种特例状况并不肯定。因此，克莱门森分析了从1996年到2022年14位总统候选人之间 的辩论记录。他发觉，总体上共有51次回避问题受到指责一民主党26次，共和 党25次。而三分之一的时间里，受指责一方的确偏离话题。但大多数时间内，被指责的候选人仍旧在提及相关的问题。他表示，这表明大部分的时间里，候选人被指责回避问题是不公正 的。这项讨论已在语言和社会心理学杂志上发表。而下一轮的辩论克莱门森有什么建议呢？仅仅是由于你的党派关系中有一位政治家或你的政党身份告知自 己，不能信任对方，这并不肯定意味着那位政治家就真的存在哄骗行 为。换言之，不要轻信于人。由于这位指责于人的政治家也有可能在撒谎。说谎的泰德，他就是个骗子。1. plenty of 许多例句：I had plenty of space to write and sew.我有足够的空间进行写作和缝纫。2. want to 想要例句：I dont want to leave, but I cant go on.我不想离开，但我连续不下去了。3. hold up举起;支撑例句：She held up her hand stiffly.她直挺挺地举着手。