英语语法词汇详解costpayspend和take的区别.docx

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1、英语语法词汇详解cost, pay,spend和take的区另Ucost动词，花费名词，成本【辨析】cost, spend, pay 和 take这四个词都常译作花费，但用法各不相同。cost （过去式cost,过去分词cost）1）词义：名词指 价值 价格 费用 成本 代价等，也可以作为动词，指价钱为、需花费等2）句型：只能用于 主语 是 物（包括钱）上，句型格式：物+ cost（s） +人+钱.二译作：（物）花了 （人）（钱）The book cost me ten dollars.pay （过去式paid,过去分词paid）1）词义：名词，指工资，薪资。也可以作为动词，指付费付钱 支付

2、给予等2）句型:人 + pay + （钱）+ for + 物品.（人）付钱为（物）I paid 300 dollars for the mobile phone.spend （过去式spent, 过去分词spent）1）词义：动词表示 花费、用、花（时间）、度过、耗费（精力）等 当 然也可以用过名词指花费、开销2）句型：人+ spend +金钱/时间+ V-ing.（人）花（金钱/时间） 做（事/物）人+ spend +金钱/时间+ on +物品.（人）花（金钱/时间）在 （物）上He spent an hour （in） doing his homework.He spent an hour

3、 on his homework.take （过去式took,过去分词taken）1）词义：常用来指花费时间2）句型：It + takes +人+时间+ to +动词原形。做某事花了某人多 少时间v-ing（动名词）+ takes + 人 + 时间做某事花了某人多少时间人+ take +时间+ to +动词原形某人花了多少时间做某事The cooking process only takes ten minutes. 烹饪过程只需 10 分钟。It took us all day to drive home.我们开车回家花了一整天的时间。小结：物+ cost（s） +人+钱人 + pay +

4、（钱）+ for + 物品.人+ spend +金钱/时间+ V-ing.人+ spend +金钱/时间+ on +物品.It + takes +人+时间+ to +动词原形【小试牛刀】I have to them 20 pounds for this room each month.A. pay B. paid C. cost D. tookThey spend too much time the report.A. writing B. to write C. on writing D. write-What beautiful shoes youre wearing! They must

5、 be expensive .-No, they only 10 yuan.A. spent B. took C. paid D. cost-Will you please for my dinner, Peter?-Sure!A. spend B. pay C. cost D.takeIt will me too much time to read this book.A. take B. cost C. spend D.pay解析：AADBAcause名词,起因、原因【辨析】cause与reason区别一表示造成某一事实或现象的直接原因或起因，常用cause of结构。如：Careless

6、ness is often the cause of fires.疏忽大意往往酿成火灾。区别二 若是说明或解释某种行为或看法的借口、理由，常用reason for,reason whythat 结构。如：You have no reason for complaint 你没有理由 抱怨。注：表示理由时，两者虽然常常互换，但也有区别：cause是不可数名词，而reason可用作可数或不可数名词，因此 当需要用复数或受a, every, many等修饰时，通常要用reason。如：I have many reasons to fear him.我怕他是有很多理由的。(2) reason之后可接wh

7、y引导的定语从句，而cause不能。如：The reason (why) I didn t tell you was that I wanted it to be a surprise.我没有告诉你,是想让它给你一个惊喜。动词，引起，导致Many accidents are csused by careless driving.【词组】cause she sthcause sb/sth to follow sthChatting online may cause you much trouble.网上聊天可能给你 带来很多麻烦。What caused the ship to sink?是什么导致了船的沉没?【小试牛刀】Many accidentsby careless drivers last year.A. are causedB. were causedC. have caused解析：选B